Risk factors for placental abruption.

Our case-control study, aiming at identifying the risk factors for placental abruption (PA), looked at variables including maternal age, daily transportation means, folic acid consumption, smoking, past-history of infertility, number of antenatal visits done, presence of pre-eclampsia and umbilical cord insertion. Significant risk factors for PA were frequent transportation by motorbikes, consumption of haematinic preparation not containing folic acid, passive smoking, past-history of infertility, pre-eclampsia and marginal cord insertion. Pregnant women should be counselled about the above-mentioned risk factors.

Sustainable management of different systems for recycling end-of-life tyres in China.

Based on a literature review and interviews with experts, the purpose of this article is to investigate the sustainable management of different systems for recycling end-of-life tyres (ELTs) in China. Systems for bicycles (including electric bicycles), electric motorbikes and cars are considered. The article finds there are differences in the price, handling costs, process costs and transport costs. Consequently, most of the recycled ELTs are from cars. Accordingly, an economic model is built to show the difference between the different systems. The results show that the recycling system for ELTs from cars works effectively, whereas that for bicycles and electric motorbikes does not work in China. In addition, a social welfare model is built to discuss the sustainable management of the different systems for recycling ELTs. Based on the results of the model, it is suggested that subsidies could be provided according to the weight of ELTs, and that if subsidies were to be granted specifically for recycling ELTs from bicycles and electric motorbikes this would promote the efficiency and the sustainable management of these recycling systems in China.

Outcome determinants of snakebites in North Bihar, India: a prospective hospital based study.

Bihar is the state with the third largest number of snakebite deaths per year in India. This prospective, one-year study of 608 snakebites provides the first data from Bihar on determinants of unfavourable outcomes in snakebites. Any delay in reaching hospital raised the risk of a snakebite patient for an unfavourable outcome [OR 8.88, CI 2.04-38.8]. Attending a traditional practitioner prior to presenting to the hospital was the only specific, significant delay [OR 3.52, CI 1.26-9.7]. Prevention of unfavourable outcomes occurred by presenting to hospital in less than 1.5 hours [OR 0.23, CI 0.052-1.0]. Motorbike was the best mode of transport [OR 0.37, CI 0.12-1.1]. Other risk factors were patients aged under 15 years [OR 3.79, CI 1.57-9.12] and bites to the upper limb [OR 2.47, CI 1.01-6.04]. Patients who were envenomated had a higher risk of unfavourable outcome, if referred due to antivenom being unavailable [OR 12.2, CI 1.49-100]. To save lives, it is imperative that measures to reduce delays in getting patients to hospital must be included in snakebite management, alongside continued availability of antivenom and assisted ventilation.

Avaliação do trauma nos acidentes com motocicletas atendidos por um serviço pré-hospitalar móvel de urgência / Evaluación de trauma en accidentes de motocicleta atendidos por un servicio móvil pre-hospitalaria de urgencias / Assessment of trauma after motorbike accidents assisted by a pre-hospital emergency mobile service

Introdução: os acidentes de trânsito configuram-se como um relevante problema na saúde pública diante de grande impacto no que concerne à morbimortalidade da população e ganha destaque entre os jovens do sexo masculino. Objetivo: descrever o perfil epidemiológico e avaliar a gravidade do trauma de vítimas de acidentes com motocicletas atendidas pelas equipes do Serviço de Atendimento Móvel de Urgência do Rio Grande do Norte (SAMU 192 RN). Métodos: estudo descritivo, transversal, com abordagem quantitativa. Coletou-se dados de 667 fichas de atendimentos de enfermagem do SAMU 192 RN de vítimas de acidentes com motocicletas, no período de janeiro a junho de 2014. Resultados: a faixa entre 25 e 34 anos de idade apresentou 32,5 percento, destacando-se, dentro dessa faixa, os homens, com 26,4 percento de todos os atendimentos. A pontuação máxima (melhor prognóstico) do instrumento, esteve presente em 95,7 percento dos atendimentos. Conclusões: a caracterização do perfil epidemiológico da população enfatizou a presença masculina nos eventos acidentais com motocicletas, além dos jovens entre 15 e 34 anos de idade(AU)

Introducción: los accidentes de tráfico configuran como un problema de salud pública importante, de gran impacto en la morbilidad y mortalidad de la población y se destaca entre los hombres jóvenes. Objetivo: describir el perfil epidemiológico y evaluar la gravedad del trauma de las víctimas de los accidentes de motocicleta atendidos por los equipos de Atención Móvil de Urgencia de Rio Grande do Norte (SAMU 192 RN). Métodos: estudio descriptivo, transversal, con abordaje cuantitativo. Los datos fueron recolectados por 667 fichas de cuidados de enfermería SAMU 192 RN de víctimas de accidentes de motocicleta en el periodo enero-junio de 2014. Resultados: el intervalo entre 25 y 34 años de edad representa 32,5 por ciento, destacando, dentro de esta gama, los hombres, con 26,4 por ciento de todas las asistencias. La puntuación máxima (mejor pronóstico) del instrumento, estuvo presente en 95,7 por ciento de los casos. Conclusiones: la caracterización del perfil epidemiológico de la población destacó la presencia de los hombres en todos los accidentes con motocicletas, además de los jóvenes entre 15 y 34 años de edad(AU)

Introduction: Car accidents constitute an important public health concern, which has a great impact on population morbidity and mortality mainly standing out among young men. Objective: To describe the epidemiological profile and to assess trauma severity in victims of motorcycle accidents assisted by Rio Grande do Norte Emergency Mobile Assistance teams (SAMU 192 RN). Methods: Descriptive, cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach. The data were collected by 667 SAMU 192 RN nursing care records from motorcycle accident victims in the period January-June 2014.Results: The range between 25 and 34 years of age represents 32.5 percent, standing out in this range, men, with 26.4 percent of all assistance. The maximum score (best prognosis) of the instrument was present in 95.7 percent of the cases. Conclusions: The characterization of the epidemiological profile of the population highlighted the presence of men in all motorcycles accidents, in addition to young people aged 15-34 years(AU)

Evidências sobre a segurança do paciente vítima de acidente motociclístico à luz do modelo proposto por Donabedian / Evidencias sobre la seguridad del paciente víctima de accidente motociclistico a la luz del modelo propuesto por Donabedian / Evidence on the safety of patients as victims of motorbike accidents in the light of Donabedian-proposed model

Introdução: os acidentes motociclísticos têm aumentado sobremaneira a demanda de atendimentos no âmbito hospitalar de urgência e emergência. Este aumento de AM requer que o cuidado prestado seja imprescindivelmente seguro, visto que, o paciente admitido nos serviços de emergência, na grande parte dos casos, encontra-se em risco eminente de morte. Objetivo: sumarizar as evidências científicas relacionadas a o cuidado de enfermagem e a segurança do paciente à vítima de acidente motociclístico conforme o modelo proposto por Donabedian acerca da estrutura, processo e resultado. Métodos: revisão integrativa realizada nas bases de dados LILACS, PubMed, CINAHL, SCOPUS, Web of Science e BDENF, em junho de 2015. Para a busca eletrônica, utilizaram-se os descritores "Enfermagem/Nursing", "Segurança do Paciente/Patient Safety" e "Motocicletas/Motorcycle". O cruzamento entre estes se deu através do operador booleano AND. Os dados foram analisados por estatística descritiva. Conclusões: denota-se a importância da avaliação contínua dos serviços de saúde, vislumbrando um cuidado de melhor qualidade à vítima de acidente motociclístico. Esta qualidade reflete a disponibilidade de uma estrutura adequada, um processo qualificado e proativo, em busca do resultado positivo, que culmine em satisfação para profissionais e paciente(AU)

Introducción: los accidentes de motocicleta han incrementado en gran medida la demanda de atención en los hospitales de urgencia y emergencia. Este aumento requiere que la atención recibida sea indispensablemente segura, visto que, el paciente admitido en los servicios de emergencia, en la mayoría de los casos, está en riesgo inminente de muerte. Objetivo: resumir las evidencias científicas relacionadas con los cuidados de enfermería y la seguridad de los pacientes víctimas de accidente de motocicleta como el modelo propuesto por Donabedian sobre la estructura, proceso y resultado. Métodos: revisión integradora realizada en las bases de datos LILACS, PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, Web of Science y BDENF en junio 2015. Para la búsqueda electrónica, se utilizaron los descriptores "Enfermagem/Nursing", "Segurança do Paciente/PatientSafety" e "Motocicletas/Motorcycle". La intersección de estas fue a través del operador booleano AND.Los datos se analizaron mediante laestadística descriptiva. Conclusiones: se denota la importancia de la evaluación continua de los servicios de salud, vislumbrando un cuidado de mejor calidad para la víctima de accidentes de motocicleta. Esta cualidad refleja la disponibilidad de una estructura adecuada, un proceso calificado y proactivo, en la búsqueda de un resultado positivo que culmine en la satisfacción de los profesionales y los pacientes(AU)

Introduction: Motorcycle accidents have greatly increased the demand for care in emergency ad urgency hospitals. This increase requires that the care received be indispensably safe, since the patient admitted to emergency services is mostly at imminent risk for death. Objective: To summarize the scientific evidences related to nursing care and the safety of patients as victims of motorcycle accidents, as Donabedian-proposed model on structure, process and result. Methods: An integrative review was carried out in the LILACS, PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, Web of Science and BDENF databases in June 2015. For the electronic search, the descriptors "Enfermería/Nursing", "Seguridad del paciente/Patient Safety", and "Motocicleta/Motorcycle" were used. Their intersection was attained through the Boolean operator AND. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Conclusions: The importance of continuous assessment of health services is highlighted, with better-quality care for the motorcycle accident victims. This quality reflects the availability of an appropriate structure, a qualified and proactive process, in the search for positive outcome that culminates in the satisfaction of professionals and patients(AU)

Injury pattern in lethal motorbikes-pedestrian collisions, in the area of Barcelona, Spain.

INTRODUCTION: There are several studies about M1 type vehicle-pedestrian collision injury pattern, and based on them, there has been several changes in automobiles for pedestrian protection. However, the lack of sufficient studies about injury pattern in motorbikes-pedestrian collisions leads to a lack of optimization design of these vehicles. The objective of this research is to study the injury pattern of pedestrians involved in collisions with motorized two-wheeled vehicles. METHODS: A retrospective descriptive study of pedestrian's deaths after collisions with motorcycles in an urban area, like Barcelona was performed. The cases were collected from the Forensic Pathology Service database of the Institute of Legal Medicine of Catalonia. The selected cases were categorized as pedestrian-motorcycle collision, between January 1st, 2005 and December 31st, 2014. Data were collected from the autopsy, medical, and police report. The collected information was then analyzed using Microsoft Excel statistical functions. RESULTS: Traumatic Brain Injury is the main cause of death in pedestrian hit by motorized two-wheeled vehicles (62.85%). The most frequent injury was the subarachnoid hemorrhage, in 71.4% of cases, followed by cerebral contusions and skull base fractures (65.7%). By contrast, pelvic fractures and tibia fractures only appeared in 28.6%. CONCLUSIONS: The study characterizes the injury pattern of pedestrians involved in a collision with motorized two-wheeled vehicles in an urban area, like Barcelona, which has been found to be different from other vehicle-pedestrian collisions, with a higher incidence of brain injuries and minor frequency of lower extremities fractures in pelvis, tibia and fibula.

[The problem of oculo-orbital trauma due to motor vehicle accidents involving commercial motorbikes in Douala, Cameroon]. / Les traumatismes oculo-orbitaires dus aux accidents de motos taxis à Douala au Cameroun.

UNLABELLED: A prospective and longitudinal study was carried from January 2 to December 31, 2013 in which victims of commercial motor bike accidents presenting to the Laquintinie Hospital in Douala were examined in search of oculo-orbital injuries with the double goal of identifying and evaluating the physical impact of the observed oculo-orbital lesions. RESULTS: We included 88 cases with oculo-orbital trauma due to commercial motor bike accident. There were 71 males (80.7%) and 17 females (19.3%). The mean age was 32.8±10.6 years. Collision between two motorbikes was the most frequent mechanism and accounted for 42% of cases of oculo-orbital trauma (n=37). None of the 81 patients on a motor bike reported wearing a helmet at the time of the accident (7 pedestrians were victims). Injuries of the globe were present in 16.5% of eyes (n=29); while orbital injuries were present in 22% of eyes (n=39). The most frequent orbital injury was orbital wall fracture, occurring in 31 eyes (17.6%). Lesions of the eyelids were found in 50 cases (28.4%). ENT lesions were associated in 27 cases (30.7%), cranial trauma in 3 cases (3.4%). Orbital dystopia, oculomotor palsy, ptosis, ectropion and unilateral blindness (rate of 9%) were sequelae recorded after six months of follow-up. CONCLUSION: The existing rules and regulations on driving licenses, vehicle code and compulsory use of helmets in the area of commercial motorbike activity should be strictly applied in Douala to avoid these preventable oculo-orbital trauma which lead to unsightly scars and blindness.