ONE QUALITY concept: a narrative perspective to unravel nutritional challenges, controversies, and the imperative need of transforming our food systems.

Ensuring a healthy and sustainable diet for all should be a global priority, and to achieve this goal the food system requires substantial changes. Adopting a one-size-fits-all approach is not feasible, and we need to consider the cultural particularities of each geography and not try to export models that work in one place but may be unsustainable in others. Our discussion will center on two key aspects within this overarching process: (a) the combination of a rigorous evidence-based approach with existing or proposed Nutritional Guidelines and policies required to realize the "ONE HEALTH" and "ONE QUALITY" concepts. Examining the Mediterranean diet and the latest findings on saturated fats will aid us in comprehending the necessary paradigm shift required to formulate new guidelines with substantial impact in preventing the rising prevalence of Non-Communicable Diseases worldwide; (b) the adequacy and scope of the data bank necessary to develop a global, science-based approach.

The Proximal Femoral Bone Geometry in Plain Radiographs.

BACKGROUND: Osteoporosis represents the most common bone disease and has to be respected in planning total hip replacement, especially against the background of increasing uncemented total hip replacement. In this context, the radiographic geometry of the proximal femur got into focus and is controversially discussed.The aim of the presented study was to find any difference regarding known indices for proximal femur bone geometry between patients with high-grade osteoarthritis and patients suffering from a femoral neck fracture caused by low impact trauma. METHODS: Retrospective matched-paired analysis of 100 plane pelvic radiographs from 50 patients who suffered from high-grade hip osteoarthritis and 50 patients who suffered from femoral neck fracture was performed. Measurement of Canal-Bone Ratio (CBR), Canal-Calcar Ratio (CCR), Mineral Cortical Index (MCI) and Canal Flare Index (CFI) were performed. RESULTS: CBR was significantly higher in the fracture-group (0.45 +/- 0.06 vs. 0.41 +/- 0.08) (P-value= 0.008). Moreover, the femoral thickness 10 cm below the trochanter minor [F] was significantly higher in the osteoarthritis-group (34.68 +/- 4.14 vs 32.11 +/- 3.43) (P-value 0.001). CONCLUSION: In conclusion, patients with a femoral neck fracture demonstrated a higher CBR, which indicates a poorer bone quality. In case of planning a THA, the CBR is an index which can easily be measured and can be seen as one decision criterion in THA regarding fixation technique.

Bone quality assessment techniques: geometric, compositional, and mechanical characterization from macroscale to nanoscale.

This review presents an overview of the characterization techniques available to experimentally evaluate bone quality, defined as the geometric and material factors that contribute to fracture resistance independently of areal bone mineral density (aBMD) assessed by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry. The methods available for characterization of the geometric, compositional, and mechanical properties of bone across multiple length scales are summarized, along with their outcomes and their advantages and disadvantages. Examples of how each technique is used are discussed, as well as practical concerns such as sample preparation and whether or not each testing method is destructive. Techniques that can be used in vivo and those that have been recently improved or developed are emphasized, including high resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography to evaluate geometric properties and reference point indentation to evaluate material properties. Because no single method can completely characterize bone quality, we provide a framework for how multiple characterization methods can be used together to generate a more comprehensive analysis of bone quality to complement aBMD in fracture risk assessment.