Tumores en ovario en pediatría / Ovarian tumors in pediatrics

Los tumores de ovario en la edad pediátrica son raros, representan 1-5 % de los tumores infantiles, con una incidencia anual de 2,6 casos por cada 100.000 pacientes. La mayoría son benignos y se tratan de quistes funcionales, sin embargo, entre 10-20 % son malignos y generalmente se presentan en adolescentes; estos últimos, se dividen en 3 grupos: tumores epiteliales, germinales, y estromales o de células sexuales. Método: Estudio retrospectivo de tipo transversal, observacional, no experimental. Se analizaron los pacientes con diagnóstico de tumor de ovario, ingresados en el Servicio de Cirugía Pediátrica del Hospital de Niños "Dr. José Manuel de los Ríos", entre el 1 de enero de 2017 y 01 de julio de 2022. Resultados: 18 pacientes incluidos en el estudio, con edad media de 8,23 años (DE 4,77); los síntomas más frecuentes presentados al momento del ingreso fueron: aumento de volumen abdominal (52,94 %, 9 pacientes), y dolor abdominal (35,29 %, 6 pacientes), entre otros. Reporte patológico: 2 pacientes con quistes de ovario funcional (11,76 %) y 16 pacientes con tumor neoplásico (88,23 %), de los cuales 8 fueron germinales (53,33 %), 5 tumores epiteliales (33,33 %) y 2 pacientes con linfoma (13,33 %). Conclusión: Los tumores de ovario en general tienen una edad promedio de presentación de 8 años y los tumores neoplásicos se presentaron principalmente en adolescentes, siendo el tipo histológico más frecuente el tumor germinal y dentro de este grupo el teratoma quístico maduro. (AU)

Ovarian tumors in pediatric age are rare, representing 1-5 % of childhood tumors, with an annual incidence of 2.6 cases per 100,000 patients. Most of them are benign and functional cysts; however, between 10-20 % are malignant and generally occur in teenagers; the latter are divided into 3 groups: epithelial, germinal, and stromal or sex cell tumors. Methods: Retrospective, cross-sectional, observational, non-experimental study. Patients with a diagnosis of ovarian tumor, admitted to the Pediatric Surgery Service of the Children's Hospital "Dr. José Manuel de los Ríos", between January 01, 2017 and July 01, 2022, were analyzed. Results: 18 patients included in the study, with mean age 8.23 years (SD 4.77); the most frequent symptoms presented at admission were: increased abdominal volume (52.94 %, 9 patients), and abdominal pain (35.29 %, 6 patients), among others. Pathological report: 2 patients with functional ovarian cysts (11.76 %) and 16 patients with neoplastic tumor (88.23 %), of which 8 were germinal (53.33 %), 5 epithelial tumors (33.33 %) and 2 patients with lymphoma (13.33 %). Conclusion: Ovarian tumors in general have an average age of presentation of 8 years and neoplastic tumors occurred mainly in teenagers, the most common histological type being the germ cell tumor and within this group the mature cystic teratoma. (AU)

Quiste Dermoide presacro en un adulto. Reporte de un caso / Presacral dermoid cyst in an adult. Report of a case

Introducción: Durante el desarrollo embriológico, el espacio retrorrectal o presacro está ocupado por células pluripotenciales y, por tanto, puede contener un grupo heterogéneo de tumores. El quiste dermoide es una entidad muy rara dentro de este grupo de tumores. Descripción de caso: femenina de 36 años de edad, con sensación de pesadez en hipogastrio, dolor en sedestación, y cambios en patrón evacuatorio; se realizó palpación abdominal, tacto rectal positivo para masa blanda dolorosa; eco endoanal y resonancia evidenciaron lesión ocupante de espacio presacro. Se realizó exéresis completa vía abdominal, con diagnóstico histopatológico definitivo de quiste dermoide. Discusión: un tumor presacro involucra un reto diagnóstico y terapéutico debido a la gran variedad de diagnósticos diferenciales. En el presente caso se diagnosticó un quiste dermoide, tumor benigno, fuera de su localización habitual. Conclusión: los tumores retrorrectales son lesiones poco habituales, es necesaria la exéresis completa y su posterior estudio histopatológico, para establecer su naturaleza. (AU)

Introduction: During embryological development, the retrorectal or presacral space is occupiedby pluripotent cells and, therefore, may contain a heterogeneous group of tumors. The dermoid cyst is a very rare entity within this group of tumors. Materials and methods: We present a case of a 36-year-old female patient with a sensation of heaviness inthe hypogastrium. Magnetic resonance imaging was performed in which presacral tumor was evident. Results: complete abdominal excision was performed, with a definitive histopathological diagnosis of dermoid cyst. Discussion: a presacral tumor involves a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge due to the great variety of differential diagnoses. The present case was diagnosed with a dermoid cyst, a benign tumor, outside its usual location. Conclusion: Retrorectal tumors are rare tumors, in which complete excision and histopathological report are necessary. (AU)

Epithelial inclusion cyst secondary to glaucoma surgery: A case series.

Epithelial inclusion cysts (EIC) are a rare ocular disease and its physiopathology is not well-known. They consist on growths of ocular surface epithelial cells inside the anterior segment of the eye in the form of a cyst. To date several cases have been published in the literature, none of them related to glaucoma surgery. We describe two cases of EIC after glaucoma devices implantation. An 86 year-old male patient with primary open angle glaucoma develop an EIC in right eye three years after removal of PRESERFLO™ MicroShunt (Santen, Osaka, Japan) and a 9 year-old female patient with glaucoma secondary to uveitis for juvenile idiopathic arthritis develops an EIC under the tube of an Ahmed valve implant during postoperative period. EIC develop after ocular penetrating wounds and an inflammatory stimulus. They are benign proliferations, follow-up is necessary to detect space complications early, so less mutilating surgery is needed for removal.

Surgical Approach of Maxillary Cysts in Pediatric Patients: Report of Two Clinically Similar Cases with Different Diagnosis

Extensive odontogenic cysts in children may represent surgical challenges, as they may have common clinical characteristics and different approaches. The main objective of this study is to compare two cases of pediatric odontogenic cysts in maxilla with similar surgical treatment and different histopathological diagnosis. The case series collected included two children, both 12 years old, with encapsulated osteolytic lesions in the region of the maxilla and zygoma body, with clinical and imaging characteristics that suggested odontogenic cysts. The histopathological diagnosis was dentigerous cyst and radicular cyst. In this way, we address the clinical-surgical diagnostic and therapeutic process adopted, analyzing clinical data, such as signs and symptoms, as well as pre- and postoperative tomography scans. Outpatient visits at regular intervals were planned. Both patients achieved significant regression of initial signs and symptoms and returned to their daily activities. It is noticeable that a good stratification of surgical need and planned action in diagnosis and surgery offer benefits with a favorable prognosis for pediatric odontogenic cysts of the jaw.

Los quistes odontogénicos extensos en niños pueden representar desafíos quirúrgicos, ya que pueden tener características clínicas comunes y diferentes abordajes. El objetivo principal de este estudio fue comparar dos casos de quistes odontogénicos en mandíbulas de niños con tratamiento quirúrgico similar y diagnóstico histopatológico diferente. La serie de casos recolectada incluyó dos niños, ambos de 12 años, con lesiones osteolíticas encapsuladas en la región mandibular y cuerpo cigomático, con características clínicas e imagenológicas que sugerían quistes odontógenos. El diagnóstico histopatológico fue quiste dentígero y quiste radicular. De esta manera abordamos el proceso diagnóstico y terapéutico clínico-quirúrgico adoptado, analizando datos clínicos, como signos y síntomas, así como tomografías pre y postoperatorias. Se planificaron visitas ambulatorias a intervalos regulares. Ambos pacientes lograron una regresión significativa de los signos y síntomas iniciales y regresaron a sus actividades diarias. Se destaca que una buena estratificación de la necesidad quirúrgica y una acción planificada en diagnóstico y cirugía ofrecen beneficios con un pronóstico favorable para los quistes odontogénicos de la mandíbula en pediatría.

Hidatidosis esplénica única / Isolated splenic hydatid disease

RESUMEN La hidatidosis es una parasitosis endémica en la Argentina. Los órganos más afectados son hígado y pulmón, pero la afectación esplénica única es infrecuente. El objetivo del trabajo es presentar 2 casos de hidatidosis esplénica única. Su diagnóstico presuntivo se realizó mediante el antecedente epidemiológico y los estudios por imágenes. Las serologías resultaron negativas en ambos casos. El tratamiento fue quirúrgico: se realizó esplenectomía laparoscópica total. Esta patología debe sospecharse en zonas endémicas ante la aparición de quistes esplénicos a pesar de presentar serologías negativas. La esplenectomía total evita la recidiva local y cavidades residuales; se prefiere el abordaje laparoscópico al disminuir la estadía hospitalaria y las complicaciones de la pared abdominal.

ABSTRACT Hydatid disease is an endemic parasitosis in Argentina. The liver and lungs are the organs more commonly affected, but isolated splenic involvement is rare. The aim of this study is to report two cases of isolated splenic hydatid disease. The diagnosis was suspected by epidemiology and imaging tests. The serologic tests were negative in both cases. Surgical management was decided and both patients underwent laparoscopic total splenectomy. This disease should be suspected in endemic areas in the presence of splenic cysts despite negative serologic tests. Total splenectomy prevents local recurrence and complications associated with the residual cavity. The laparoscopic approach is preferred as it results in a shorter length of hospital stay and fewer abdominal wall complications.

Disasters that develop in the liver due to hydatid cyst: a case report.

Hilar cavernous transformation is the formation of venous structures rich in collateral around the portal vein. Portal vein thrombosis is a rare entity. Although there are many reasons for its etiology, few cases have been reported secondary to hydatid cysts in the liver. Here, we present a 24-year-old patient with complaints of abdominal pain and swelling. Her CT and MRI scans show cholelithiasis with portal vein thrombosis and hilar cavernous transformation due to giant hydatid cyst compression in the lateral liver sector.

La transformación cavernosa hiliar es la formación de estructuras venosas ricas en colaterales alrededor de la vena porta. La trombosis de la vena porta es una afección poco frecuente. Aunque existen muchas razones en su etiología, se han descrito pocos casos secundarios a quiste hidatídico en el hígado. Aquí se presenta el caso de una paciente de 24 años con quejas de dolor abdominal e hinchazón. La tomografía computarizada y la resonancia magnética mostraron colelitiasis con trombosis de la vena porta y transformación cavernosa hiliar por compresión del quiste hidatídico gigante en el sector lateral del hígado.

Terson's syndrome after endoscopic removal of a colloid cyst.

An extremely rare complication of endoscopic colloid cyst removal is presented. Terson's syndrome related to endoscopic resection of a colloid cyst has been reported only twice before in the literature and it could be explained by intracranial hypertension related to rinsing during the procedure. The case is described and the complications in the neuroendoscopic removal of colloid cyst are reviewed from the literature.

[Main Types of Cysts in Dermatopathology: Part 2]. / Principales tipos de quistes en dermatopatología: Parte 2.

This is the second article in a two-part series published in this journal, in which we examine the histopathological characteristics, as well as the differential diagnosis, of the main entities that present as cystic and pseudocystic structures in cutaneous biopsy. In this second article, we address ciliated cutaneous cysts, branchial cysts, Bartholin's cysts, omphalomesenteric cysts, thymic cysts, thyroglossal duct cysts, synovial cysts, and median raphe cysts, as well as mucocele, ganglion, and auricular and digital myxoid pseudocysts.

Enteric duplication cysts in paediatric population along with literature review.

The clinical presentation of enteric duplication cysts is dependent on the location of the cyst with symptoms varying from nausea and vomiting to abdominal distension, pain and perforation. Four patients were identified who were diagnosed with enteric duplication cysts within the period from 2019 to 2023. Three of the patients presented with signs of intestinal obstruction-abdominal distension and pain, while one had an antenatally detected abdominal mass. There were three boys and one girl with ages ranging from 4 months to 14 years. Three cases of ileal and one case of caecal duplication cyst were reported. Most of the cases showed ileal/caecal mucosa while one case demonstrated ectopic gastric mucosa. The treatment of these cysts includes surgical excision. Although radiological investigations help in arriving at a provisional diagnosis, the final diagnosis can be confirmed only after histopathological examination. Early treatment prevents complications and results in a good prognosis for the patient.

Quiste óseo aneurismático del atlas: Tratamiento con denosumab y reporte de caso / Aneurysmal bone cyst of the atlas: treatment with denosumab and case report

Presentamos un caso de quiste óseo aneurismático (QOA) de ubicación infrecuente y comportamiento agresivo en un paciente masculino de 28 años, en que la resección quirúrgica es controversial por el riesgo de iatrogenia y eventual recurrencia. El tratamiento con denosumab ha sido recientemente propuesto como una alternativa para el manejo de QOAs irresecables o recurrentes; sin embargo, la literatura disponible es escasa. Reportamos nuestra experiencia en un caso y analizamos la bibliografía disponible

We present a case of aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC) of infrequent location and aggressive behavior in a 28-year-old male patient, in which surgical resection is controversial due to the risk of iatrogenicity and eventual recurrence. Treatment with denosumab has been recently proposed as an alternative for the management of unresectable or recurrent ABCs; however, the available literature is sparse. We report our experience with one case and analyze the available literature

Quistes Dentígeros Asociados a Mesiodens. Revisión de la Literatura a Propósito de Dos Casos

El mesiodens es el diente supernumerario que se origina en la premaxila, siendo considerado el más prevalente o el más diagnosticado debido a las numerosas alteraciones que producen y que incluyen malposición de los dientes permanentes, formación de diastemas, retraso en la erupción de los incisivos anteriores superiores, y formación de quistes. La etiología de los mesiodens no está completamente comprendida, aunque se piensa que pueda deberse a la proliferación de la lámina dental u otros factores genéticos. El diagnóstico generalmente es tardío debido a que la mayoría permanece sin erupcionar, pudiendo generar complicaciones dentomaxilares que finalmente son el motivo de consulta de los pacientes. El quiste dentígero es un quiste odontogénico del desarrollo asociado a la corona de un diente incluido, numerario o supernumerario y su tratamiento es quirúrgico. El diagnóstico temprano y la planificación del tratamiento debe considerar una anamnesis minuciosa, un examen clínico e imágenes 3D. La cirugía debe consistir en la desinclusión del diente causal, la exéresis y legrado de la lesión, con o sin regeneración ósea inmediata del lecho quirúrgico con injerto. Se presentan dos casos de quiste dentígero asociado a un mesiodens que se diagnosticaron como hallazgo radiográfico. El plan de tratamiento consistió en evaluación y tratamiento endodóntico de los dientes desvitalizados, enucleción y legrado del quiste, junto a la desinclu sión del diente supernumerario, y seguimiento clínico y radiográfico en el largo plazo.

Mesiodens is the supernumerary tooth that originates in the premaxilla, considered the most prevalent or, the most diagnosed due to the multiple alterations that produce and that include malposition of the permanent teeth, formation of gaps, delayed eruption of the upper anterior incisors and cyst formation. The etiology of mesiodens is not fully established, although it is thought that it may be due dental lamina alteration or other genetic factors. Diagnosis is usually late because most remain unerupted, and can generate dentomaxillary complications that are ultimately the reason for patient consultation. The dentigerous cyst is a developmental odontogenic cyst associated with the crown of an included, numerary or supernumerary tooth and its treatment is surgery. Early diagnosis and treatment planning should consider a careful history, clinical examination, and 3D imaging. The surgery must consist of the disinclusion of the offending tooth, the exeresis and curettage of the lesion, with or without immediate bone regeneration of the surgical bed with a graft. Two cases of a dentigerous cyst associated with a mesiodens that were diagnosed as a radiographic finding are presented. The treatment plan consisted in evaluation and endodontic treatment of devitalized teeth, enucleation and curettage of the cyst, together with the disinclusion of the supernumerary tooth, and long-term clinical and radiographic follow-up.

Glandular Odontogenic Cyst: A Case Report and Literature Review

The glandular odontogenic cyst (GOC) is a pathological entity that most commonly develops in the anterior region of the mandible and can emulate other lesions, including other cysts, odontogenic tumors, and even malignant lesions of glandular origin. Therefore, the aim of this manuscript is to report a new case of GOC treated conservatively and to discuss its clinical, radiological, histopathological, and therapeutic aspects.

El quiste odontogénico glandular (QOG) es una entidad patológica que se desarrolla con mayor frecuencia en la región anterior de la mandíbula y que puede mimetizar otras lesiones incluyendo otros quistes, tumores odontogénicos y hasta lesiones malignas de origen glandular. Por lo tanto, el objetivo del presente manuscrito es reportar un nuevo caso de QOG tratado de forma conservadora y discutir sus aspectos clínicos, imagenológicos, anatomopatológicos y terapéuticos.

Vertical dorsal rhinotomy in pediatric nasal dermoid surgery.

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Nasal dermoids are uncommon midline congenital lesions in the nose, usually diagnosed in the first years of life. Imaging is mandatory to evaluate local and intracranial extension and treatment consists in surgical excision. This study aims to review the experience of the department in managing pediatric nasal dermoids using a dorsal rhinotomy surgical approach. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Retrospective case series of pediatric nasal dermoids treated at a tertiary university teaching hospital over a period of seven years. RESULTS: Nine children were treated during this period. Clinical presentation was a dermoid sinus-cyst in seven cases and a cystic lesion in two. Pre-operative imaging revealed extension of the lesion to the foramen cecum in three cases. Surgery was performed via vertical dorsal rhinotomy in all patients, and associated endoscopic surgery was used in three patients. Reconstruction with autologous material was performed in three cases. No complications or recurrences were registered during the follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: In the presented series, a vertical dorsal rhinotomy incision has provided good functional and aesthetic results. The possibility of nasal dermoid intracranial extension should be accessed with imaging but remains uncommon. In its absence, this approach may be useful and can be paired with other techniques, such as nasal endoscopy, to achieve the best outcomes.

Manejo abierto del Quiste pilonidal

Introducción: El quiste pilonidal es una condición crónica inflamatoria de la piel y el tejido subcutáneo sacrocoxígeo, con alta incidencia en jóvenes y sexo masculino. El manejo quirúrgico incluye técnicas abiertas y cerradas que utilizan colgajos. El objetivo es describir las características clínicas y quirúrgicas de pacientes operados de quiste pilonidal con técnica abiertas. Material y Método: Estudio tipo cohorte, retrospectivo, observacional y transversal. Se incluyeron todos los pacientes operados por quiste pilonidal utilizando técnicas abiertas en el Hospital Clínico de la Universidad de Chile entre 2013 y 2019. Se recolectaron características clínicas y quirúrgicas como tipo de técnica abierta, tiempo operatorio, tiempo de curaciones y cierre definitivo. Se aplicó estadística descriptiva. Resultados: Se registraron 250 pacientes diagnosticados de quiste pilonidal desde 2013, de los cuales se incluyeron 84,8% pacientes manejados con técnicas abiertas. 60,8% fueron de sexo masculino. El IMC promedio fue de 26,8 con un 24,5% de pacientes con obesidad. De ellos, 55,3% habían sido drenados en urgencias previamente y 9,6% eran recidivas. El tamaño promedio fue de 3,6 cm. Las técnicas abiertas empleadas fueron: marsupialización, destechamiento y McFee. El tiempo promedio de curaciones fue de 5,9 semanas y el cierre definitivo ocurre en promedio a las 10,4 semanas; 4,7% recidivaron. Conclusión. La cirugía del quiste pilonidal en nuestra serie corresponde en su mayoría a técnicas abiertas (marsupialización y destechamiento). El tiempo de curaciones, de cierre de la herida y del porcentaje de recidivas de los pacientes operados de quiste pilonidal es similar a lo reportado internacionalmente.

Introduction: The pilonidal cyst is a chronic inflammatory condition of the skin and subcutaneous sacrocoxige tissue, with high incidence in young people and male sex. Surgical management includes open and closed techniques which use flaps. The objective is to describe the clinical and surgical characteristics of patients operated on for pilonidal cyst with open technique. Material and Method: Cohort, retrospective, observational and cross-sectional study. We included all patients operated on for pilonidal cyst using open techniques at the Hospital Clinic University of Chile between 2013 and 2019. Clinical and surgical characteristics was collected, such as type of open technique, operative time, healing time and definitive closure. Descriptive statistics were applied. Results: There were 250 patients diagnosed with pilonidal cyst since 2013, of which 84.8% were patients managed with open techniques; 60.8% were male. The average BMI was 26.8 with 24.5% of patients with obesity. 55.3% had been drained in the emergency room previously and 9.6% were relapses. The average size was 3.6 cm. The open techniques used were marsupialization, unroofing and McFee. The average healing time was 5.9 weeks and definitive closure occurs on average at 10.4 weeks; 4.7% relapsed. Conclusion: Surgery of the pilonidal cyst in our series corresponds mostly to open techniques (marsupialization and unroofing). The healing time, wound closure and the percentage of recurrences of patients operated on for pilonidal cyst is similar to that reported internationally.

Cáncer en quiste tirogloso, con tiroides agenésica y nódulo ectópico. Caso clínico

Introducción: La glándula tiroides tiene su origen embriológico en la base de la lengua, desde donde desciende al cuello. Este proceso migratorio puede detenerse o continuar más allá, dando diferentes cuadros de tiroides ectópica. El quiste tirogloso es la alteración embriológica más frecuente en el cuello, pudiendo desarrollar cáncer como una complicación rara. Caso clínico: Paciente de 21 años con aumento de volumen cervical, se diagnostica quiste tirogloso, la biopsia identifica cáncer papilar en el quiste. Se decide completar tiroidectomía, se objetiva agenesia de glándula. Ante respuesta bioquímica incompleta se realiza cintigrama que identifica nódulo retrolingual, el cual es resecado. Discusión: La resección del quiste tirogloso se debe realizar según la descripción de Sistrunk para evitar recidivas. La historia natural del cáncer en quiste tirogloso es bastante menos conocida y podría tener un peor pronóstico que el cáncer tiroideo habitual. Existen grupos que defienden la necesidad de completar tiroidectomía y, eventualmente, realizar disecciones cervicales como parte de su manejo. Conclusión: El cáncer de quiste tirogloso es una patología infrecuente, Existen diferentes lineas de manejo que se discuten en la literatura. Aún el análisis individualizado de los pacientes en comités multidisciplinario de expertos es la conducta sugerida.

Introduction: The thyroid gland has its embryological origin from the base of the tongue, where it descends to the neck. This migratory process can stop early or continue beyond, giving rise to differents cases of ectopic thyroid. The thyroglossal cyst is the most frequent embryological alteration in the neck, and it can develop cancer as a rare complication. Clinical case: A 21 year old patient with a cervical volume increase is diagnosed a thyroglossal cyst. Biopsy identifies papilary cancer in the cyst. It is decided to complete de thyroidectomy, and agenesis of the gland is observed. Due to incomplete biochemical response, a scintigram is performed, wich identifies a retrolingual nodule that is resected. Discussion: The resection of the thyroglossus cyst should be performed according to the description of Sistrunk to avoid recurrence. The natural history of cancer in the thyroglossal cyst is much less known and could have a worst prognosis than usual thyroid cancer. Some groups advocate for the need to complete a thyroidectomy and eventually perform cervical dissections as part of its management. Conclusion: The cancer on a thyroglossal cyst is a rare pathology. There are diferents management approaches that are discussed in the literature. However, an individualized analysis of patients in multidisciplinary expert committees it still the suggested aproach.

[Main Types of Cysts in Dermatopathology: Part 1]. / Principales tipos de quistes en dermatopatología: parte 1.

Cystic structures represent one of the most common findings in dermatopathology. These encompass both cystic tumors and pseudocysts resulting from the accumulation of certain substances, such as mucin. In a two-part series (of which this is the first part), we have reviewed the principal types of cysts and pseudocysts that may be observed in cutaneous biopsies, examining their histopathological features and primary differential diagnoses. This first part encompasses infundibular cysts, eruptive dermoid cysts, pigmented follicular cysts, pilonidal cysts, tricholemmal cysts, milium cysts, hybrid cysts, bronchogenic cysts, as well as steatocystoma, hydrocystoma, and comedones.

Diagnosis and treatment of hepatic cysts. Usefulness of intracystic tumor markers (CEA and CA 19.9.).

INTRODUCTION: To decide treatment of hepatic cysts diagnosis between simple hepatic cyst (SHC) and cystic mucinous neoplasm (CMN). Radiological features are not patognomonic. Some studies have suggested the utility of intracystic tumor markers. METHODS: Retrospective analysis of our prospective database including patients treated due to symptomatic SHC from 2003 to 2021. The aim of the study was to evaluate the results of treatment of symptomatic SHC and the usefulness of the determination of intracystic "carcinoembryonic antigen" (CEA) and "carbohydrate antigen" CA 19.9. RESULTS: 50 patients diagnosed and treated for symptomatic SHC were included. In 15 patients the first treatment was percutaneous drainage. In 35 patients the first treatment was laparoscopic fenestration. Four patients were diagnosed of premalignant or malignant liver cystic lesions (MCN, IPMN, lymphoma B); three of them required surgery after initial fenestration and pathological diagnosis. Median CEA and CA 19-9 were 196 µg/L and 227.321 U/mL respectively. Patients with malignant or premalignant pathology did not have higher levels of intracystic tumor markers. Positive predictive value was 0% for both markers, and negative predictive value was 89% and 91% respectively. CONCLUSION: Values of intracystic tumor markers CEA and CA 19-9 do not allow distinguishing simple cysts from cystic liver neoplasms. The most effective treatment for symptomatic simple liver cysts is surgical fenestration. The pathological analysis of the wall of the cysts enables the correct diagnosis, allowing to indicate a surgical reintervention in cases of hepatic cyst neoplasia.

Quiste dentígero gigante en seno maxilar: Caso Clínico / Giant dentigerous cyst in the maxillary sinus: A Case Report

El proceso biológico de la odontogénesis es complejo, en ella participan mecanismos moleculares y celulares orientados a formar las estructuras dentarias, la alteración de estos mecanismos pueden originar los quistes dentígeros o foliculares. Estas patologías son cavidades anormales recubiertas por epitelio y con contenido líquido o semilíquido, rodeados generalmente de una capa de tejido conectivo; siempre asociados a la corona de dientes incluidos, son asintomáticos y de evolución lenta, descubiertas radiográficamente como una imagen unilocular y radiolúcidos, los de gran tamaño son infrecuentes, el tratamiento consiste en remoción quirúrgica completa.

The biological process of odontogenesis is complex, where molecular and cellular mechanisms participate at forming dental structures. The alteration of these mechanisms can cause dentigerous or follicular cysts, which are pathologies with abnormal cavities lined by epithelium and with liquid or semi-liquid content, usually surrounded by a layer of connective tissue; always associated with the crown of included teeth, they are asymptomatic and of slow evolution, discovered radiographically as a unilocular image and radiolucent. The large ones are infrequent and their treatment consists of complete surgical removal.

Quiste cervical del conducto torácico: reporte de un caso y revisión de la literatura / Cervical thoracic duct cyst: case report and review of the literatura

El quiste del conducto torácico en su porción cervical es una patología infrecuente con escasos casos reportados en la literatura mundial. Habitualmente, se presenta como un aumento de volumen blando e indoloro en la fosa supraclavicular izquierda, el cual puede generar sintomatología compresiva variable de las estructuras adyacentes. Presentamos el caso de una mujer de 76 años remitida a la consulta de otorrinolaringología por evidencia de una lesión quística en la fosa supraclavicular izquierda con estudio posterior concordante con quiste cervical del conducto torácico.

The cervical thoracic duct cyst is an infrequent entity, with only a few cases reported in the international literature. It usually presents as a painless swelling on the left supraclavicular fossa, that can generate symptoms due to compression of adjacent structures. We present the case of a 76-year-old women that was referred to otolaryngology due to a supraclavicular cyst, with subsequent diagnosis of cervical thoracic duct cyst.

Quistes renales en aneurisma de la aorta abdominal diagnosticada por ecografía Doppler / Renal Cysts in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Diagnosed by Doppler Ultrasound

Introducción: La relación de la presencia de quistes renales y aneurisma de la aorta abdominal es una duda por aclarar, y no se cuenta con literatura al respecto. Objetivo: Estimar la relación entre la presencia de quistes renales y aneurisma de aorta abdominal en pacientes atendidos en el Instituto Nacional de Angiología y Cirugía Vascular. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de corte longitudinal en el período de 2021-2022 en pacientes con diagnóstico clínico y ecográfico de aneurisma de la aorta abdominal. El universo lo conformaron pacientes que asistieron al Departamento de Ultrasonido Doppler con diagnóstico clínico de aneurisma de la aorta abdominal. La muestra estuvo constituida por 152 pacientes; se utilizaron la prueba de Chi cuadrado y el método de estimación del riesgo mediante el cálculo del odds ratio. Resultados: La edad promedio fue de 70,1 ± 5,6 años; el sexo masculino predominó con 27 casos con quiste de un total de 41; el dolor abdominal resultó la manifestación clínica más frecuente (99 casos); y el tabaquismo (97 pacientes) el factor de riesgo cardiovascular que más se presentó. En cuanto a las características ecográficas, predominaron: el aneurisma de la arteria infrarrenal (107 casos), el diámetro muy pequeño con 17 casos y odds ratio de 4,53 se considera de riesgo al igual que toma bilateral de las arterias iliacas con odds ratio de 7,56 (5 casos). Conclusiones: La presencia de aneurisma de la aorta abdominal es independiente de padecer o no quistes renales. Estas dos patologías solo se relacionaron en cuanto a la toma bilateral y diámetro muy pequeño del aneurisma(AU)

Introduction: The relation between the presence of renal cysts and abdominal aortic aneurysm is a question to be clarified, and there is no literature on the subject. Objective: To estimate the relation between the presence of renal cysts and abdominal aortic aneurysm in patients treated at the National Institute of Angiology and Vascular Surgery. Methods: A descriptive longitudinal study was conducted in the period 2021-2022 in patients with a clinical and ultrasound diagnosis of abdominal aortic aneurysm. The universe was made up of patients who attended the Doppler Ultrasound Department with a clinical diagnosis of abdominal aortic aneurysm. The sample consisted of 152 patients. The Chi-square test and the risk estimation method were used to calculate the odds ratio. Results: The mean age was 70.1 ± 5.6 years; males predominated, with 27 cases with cysts out of a total of 41; abdominal pain was the most frequent clinical manifestation (99 cases); and the cardiovascular risk factor that occurred the most was smoking (97 patients). The predominant ultrasound characteristics were: infrarenal artery aneurysm (107 cases) and very small diameter with 17 cases and odds ratio of 4.53; it was considered risky, as it was the bilateral intake of the iliac arteries, with an odds ratio of 7.56 (5 cases). Conclusions: The presence of abdominal aortic aneurysm is independent of whether or not renal cysts are present. These two pathologies were only related in terms of bilateral intake and very small diameter of the aneurysm(AU)