Simultaneously inhibit cadmium and arsenic uptake in rice (Oryza sativa L.) by Selenium enhanced iron plaque: Performance and mechanism.

Selenium (Se) fortification is witnessed to simultaneously inhibit absorbing Cadmium (Cd) and Arsenic (As) by rice plants, but the mechanism is unclear. Here, the effects of Se on the root morphology, iron plaque (IP) content, soil Fe2+ content, radial oxygen loss (ROL), and enzyme activities of the rice plants in the soil contaminated by Cd and As were intensively investigated through the hydroponic and soil experiments. Se effectively alleviated the toxic effects of Cd and As on the plants and the dry weight, root length, and root width were increased by 203.18%, 33.41%, and 52.81%, respectively. It also elucidated that ROL was one of the key factors to elevate IP formation by Se and the specific pathways of Se enhancing ROL were identified. ROL of the plants in the experiment group treated by Se was increased 36.76%, and correspondingly IP was magnified 50.37%, compared to the groups with Cd and As. It was owing to Se significantly increased the root porosity (62.11%), facilitating O2 transport to the roots. Additionally, Se enhanced the activities of catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) to promote the catalytic degradation of ROS induced by Cd and As stress. It indirectly increased O2 release in the rhizosphere, which benefit to form more robust IP serve as stronger barrier to Cd and As. The results of our study provide a novel molecular level insight for Se promoting root IP to block Cd and As uptake by the rice plants.

Identifying post-traumatic stress symptom typologies in clinical and non-clinical healthcare staff: a latent profile analysis.

Background: There has been growing concern regarding increasing levels of post-traumatic stress (PTS) symptoms experienced by healthcare workers (HCW) in the UK, particularly following the COVID-19 pandemic.Objectives: PTS symptom typologies have been investigated in other adult populations using person-centred latent variable approaches, revealing profiles showing differing symptom levels and patterns. We aimed to explore typologies among clinical and non-clinical healthcare staff to elucidate heterogeneity of presentation.  Methods: This was a retrospective study using referral data from treatment-seeking healthcare staff in the North of England (N = 1600). We employed latent profile analysis using the PTSD International Trauma Questionnaire domains as profile indicators. We included covariates relating to role-type, depression, anxiety and mental health concerns before March of 2020.   Results: A model with six profiles fit the data best. Profile names were given as follows: 'No symptom'; 'Low symptom'; 'Low symptom (moderate Sense of current threat (Th_dx) and Functional impairment (FI))'; 'Moderate symptom (low Th_dx and high Avoidance (Av_dx))'; 'Moderate symptom'; and 'High symptom'. Covariates were shown to have differential predictive power on profile membership. Conclusions: The finding of profiles with pattern differences suggests a need for both differential and specifically targeted treatments, as well as a consideration of early intervention for those individuals with subclinical PTS symptoms. As expected, anxiety and depression were both predictors of several of the symptomatic profiles, with anxiety producing a larger effect. Further research is required to fully understand the link between role-type and PTS symptom typologies among HCW. .

Six distinct profiles of post-traumatic stress symptoms were found in treatment-seeking healthcare staff.Four of the profiles differed only in terms of severity of symptoms. Two of the profiles revealed pattern differences relating to differing severity across avoidance, sense of current threat and functional impairment.Working in a non-clinical role (e.g. hospital porter or admin staff) predicted membership of two of the moderate symptom profiles.Other mental health difficulties, anxiety and depression, predicted membership of several symptomatic profiles.

[Shortage of nurses in Spain: from the global case to particular situation. SESPAS Report 2024]. / Escasez de enfermeras en España: del caso global a la situación particular. Informe SESPAS 2024.

The nursing shortage is a multi-causal phenomenon that affects all countries and currently a global concern. The shortage of nurses jeopardizes the sustainability of health systems and the population health outcomes. Spain has historically had no difficulties in attracting new generations of nurses. The shortage of nurses is caused by the precarious working conditions and lack of professional development that have led to episodes of high international migration and abandonment of the profession. In this paper we focus on the evolution of different indicators of the working conditions of non-specialist nurses, who make up the bulk of the profession. These indicators allow us to analyse the abandonment of the profession, the duration of contracts, their full-time or part-time dedication and the excessive hiring. We have analysed the effect of COVID-19 and the labour reform on these indicators. COVID-19 reduced the abandonment of the profession and is currently at its lowest level, it has also accelerated the need to improve working conditions by increasing the percentage of permanent contracts and reducing the multiplicity of contracts in the same month. The labour reform has helped reduce the percentage of temporary contracts until reaching around 80% of the total contracts, and has reduced the number of nurses in Spain with more than one contract in the same month to below 3000 nurses on a sustained basis.

Construcciones identitarias en gendarmes: un enfoque de género / Identity constructions in gendarmes: a gender perspective / Construções de identidade em gendarmes: uma abordagem de gênero

Objetivo: Se presenta un análisis sobre la identidad organizacional y el rol ocupacional de los y las gendarmes pertenecientes al Centro de Detención Preventiva Santiago Sur desde el concepto de "trabajo sucio" y una perspectiva de género. Metodología: Se realizaron diez entrevistas semiestructuradas a gendarmes ­cinco gendarmes hombres y cinco gendarmes mujeres­ en cuanto a su rol e identidad organizacional, ocupacional, profesional y personal. Resultados: Se verificaron diferencias de género en cuanto a la configuración de sus identidades personales y ocupacionales, situación que no es replicada en el plano de sus identidades organizacionales y profesionales, que tienden a compartir. Conclusiones: Existen diferencias significativas en la forma en la que los y las gendarmes desarrollan su identidad personal, y que radican principalmente en la relevancia que atribuyen a los roles e identidades asociadas con la vida familiar. En cuanto a las restantes dimensiones identitarias, se identificaron importantes similitudes en cuanto a valores y creencias que los sujetos expresan y vivencian; estas parecen vincularse a prácticas y a una cultura tradicional y conservadora institucional en materia de género. Alcance: La investigación es de carácter exploratorio y busca aportar antecedentes empíricos sobre los cuales basar futuras investigaciones en este campo.

Objective: An analysis is presented on the organisational identity and occupational role of the gendarmes belonging to the Santiago Sur Preventive Detention Centre from the concept of "dirty work" and a gender perspective. Methodology: Ten semi-structured interviews were conducted with gendarmes -five male gendarmes and five female gendarmes- regarding their organisational, occupational, professional and personal roles and identities. Results: Gender differences were found in the configuration of their personal and occupational identities, a situation that is not replicated in their organisational and professional identities, which tend to be shared by both gendarmes and gendarmes. Conclusions: There are significant differences in the way in which gendarmes develop their personal identities, which lie mainly in the relevance they attribute to the roles and identities associated with family life. As for the remaining identity dimensions, important similarities were identified in terms of the values and beliefs that the subjects express and experience; these seem to be linked to traditional and conservative institutional gender practices and culture. Scope: The research is exploratory in nature and seeks to provide empirical background on which to base future research in this field.

Objetivo: Apresenta-se uma análise da identidade organizacional e do papel ocupacional dos gendarmes pertencentes ao Centro de Detenção Preventiva Santiago Sur a partir do conceito de "trabalho sujo" e de uma perspectiva de gênero. Metodologia: Foram realizadas dez entrevistas semiestruturadas com policiais - cinco homens e cinco mulheres - sobre seus papéis e identidades organizacionais, ocupacionais, profissionais e pessoais. Resultados: Foram verificadas diferenças de gênero em termos da configuração de suas identidades pessoais e ocupacionais, uma situação que não se repete no nível de suas identidades organizacionais e profissionais, que elas tendem a compartilhar. Conclusões: Existem diferenças significativas na forma como os gendarmes desenvolvem suas identidades pessoais, que residem principalmente na relevância que atribuem aos papéis e identidades associados à vida familiar. Quanto às demais dimensões da identidade, foram identificadas semelhanças importantes em termos dos valores e crenças que os sujeitos expressam e vivenciam, que parecem estar ligados às práticas e à cultura de gênero institucionais tradicionais e conservadoras. Escopo: A pesquisa é de natureza exploratória e busca fornecer antecedentes empíricos que sirvam de base para futuras pesquisas nesse campo

Gender perspective in the implementation of hygiene in cardiology intensive care.

INTRODUCTION: Hygiene in critical patients is an essential daily care, provided under safe conditions, to promote comfort and maintain the integrity of skin and mucous membranes, however, it can generate feelings of dependence and vulnerability in patients. The aim of this post hoc study is to know the differences in satisfaction and lived experience regarding bed hygiene in an intensive care unit according to biological sex and gender perspective. METHODS: Observational, descriptive and prospective study in which an ad hoc questionnaire was administered to 148 conscious and oriented patients of legal age. The questionnaire was completed 24-48 hours after admission to the unit, once the initial bed hygiene had been performed. RESULTS: Males experienced conformism (51%), embarrassment (31%) and relief (9%); Women felt conformism (35.4%), embarrassment (18.8%) and relief (29.2%) (p < 0.05). Women experienced a feeling of cleanliness in 89.1% compared to 56.1% of men (p < 0.05). Men were offered to wash their genitals in 72.9% compared to 35.7% of women (p < 0.05). 34.3% of men would prefer a family member to assist them during hygiene (62.9% by their wives), compared to 27.1% of women who would prefer a family member (84.6% by their daughters). CONCLUSION: Women tolerate bed hygiene better than men and appreciate more the feeling of cleanliness. Women are identified as caregivers, both professionally and in the family, and patients prefer them to collaborate in the performance of hygiene, being wives preferred by men and daughters preferred by women.

Image of nurses in Chile through children's drawings: An iconographic study / A imagem de enfermeiras(os) no Chile por meio de desenhos infantis: um estudo iconográfico / Imagen de enfermeras(os) en Chile a través del dibujo infantil: un estudio iconográfico

Abstract Objective To reveal the image of nursing professionals in Chile through the analysis of children's drawings. Method This is an exploratory qualitative study, involving the collection of information through nine drawings made by children aged between 7 and 10 years, using free technique, and then were analyzed with the Iconographic Method proposed by Erwin Panofsky. Results Most drawings depict clinical activities of nurses, focusing predominantly on the technical dimension of the profession. Although nursing is commonly associated with a mostly female occupation, permeated by gender stereotypes, some participants were able to identify the presence and importance of the male role in this professional field. No iconographic elements were identified that would reinforce stigmas associated with nursing professionals, such as the view that they are supporters, aides, or mere medical assistants. Conclusions and implications for practice Children's drawings serve as a reflection of the collective imagination of society. By studying them in relation to nursing, we can identify the advances of the profession and glimpse its near future. This research contributes to understanding the current image of the profession in society, and allows an analysis that goes further, helping to establish future directions and the evolution of this collective perception.

Resumo Objetivo Revelar a imagem do profissional de enfermagem no Chile por meio da análise iconográfica de desenhos infantis. Método Estudo qualitativo exploratório, envolvendo a coleta de informações por meio de nove desenhos elaborados por crianças com idades entre 7 e 10 anos, utilizando técnica livre e posteriormente examinados com base no Método Iconográfico proposto por Erwin Panofsky. Resultados A maioria retrata as atividades clínicas do enfermeiro, enfocando predominantemente em sua dimensão técnica. Embora a enfermagem seja comumente associada a uma ocupação majoritariamente feminina, permeada por estereótipos de gênero, alguns participantes conseguiram identificar a presença e a importância do papel masculino nesse campo profissional. Não foram identificados elementos iconográficos que reforçassem estigmas associados aos profissionais de enfermagem, como a visão de serem simples assistentes, ajudantes ou meros auxiliares dos médicos. Conclusões e implicações para a prática Os desenhos infantis são reflexo do imaginário coletivo da sociedade. Ao estudá-los em relação à enfermagem, podemos identificar avanços na profissão e vislumbrar seu futuro próximo. Esta pesquisa contribui para compreender a imagem atual da profissão na sociedade e possibilita uma análise que ajuda a estabelecer direções futuras e a evolução dessa percepção coletiva.

Resumen Objetivo Revelar la imagen de los profesionales de enfermería en Chile a través del análisis de dibujos infantiles. Método Estudio cualitativo exploratorio, que involucra la recolección de información a través de nueve dibujos en técnica libre realizados por niños entre siete y diez años, posteriormente analizados mediante el Método Iconográfico propuesto por Erwin Panofsky. Resultados La mayoría representa las actividades clínicas de las enfermeras, centrándose predominantemente en la dimensión técnica. Aunque la enfermería se asocia comúnmente a una ocupación mayoritariamente femenina, impregnada de estereotipos de género, algunos participantes identificaron la presencia y la importancia del papel masculino en la profesión. No se identificaron elementos iconográficos que reforzaran estigmas asociados a los profesionales de enfermería, como la visión de que son simples asistentes, ayudantes o meros auxiliares médicos. Conclusiones e implicaciones para la práctica Los dibujos son reflejo del imaginario colectivo de la sociedad. Al estudiarlos en relación con la enfermería, podemos identificar avances en la profesión y vislumbrar su futuro próximo. Esta investigación contribuye a comprender la imagen actual de la profesión en la sociedad y permite un análisis que ayuda a establecer las orientaciones futuras y la evolución de esta percepción colectiva.

O eu em nós: marcas e aproximações de uma diretora no processo psicoterápico / The self in us: marks and approaches of a director in the psychotherapeutic process / El yo dentro de nosotros: marcas y enfoques de una directora en el proceso psicoterapêutico

RESUMO O objetivo deste trabalho foi aprofundar as marcas e aproximações de uma diretora no processo psicoterápico. Trata-se de um estudo de caso psicodramático utilizando o registro documental de sessões de psicoterapia bipessoal de três pacientes atendidas anteriormente pela primeira autora e os relatos da própria autora sobre suas percepções nos atendimentos. Foram apresentadas reflexões que demonstram resultados positivos sobre as aproximações na relação psicoterapêutica mediante o humor, a poesia e a música como formas de conexão entre psicodramatista e cliente.

ABSTRACT The objective of this work was to deepen the approaches and distances of a director in the psychotherapeutic process. This is a psychodramatic case study that used the documentary record of bipersonal psychotherapy sessions of three patients previously attended by the first author and the author's own reports about her perceptions in the sessions. Reflections were presented that demonstrate positive results regarding the approaches in the therapeutic relationship, using humor, poetry, and music as means of connection between the psychodramatist and the client.

RESUMEN El objetivo de este trabajo fue profundizar los acercamientos y distancias de una directora en el proceso psicoterapéutico. Se trata de un estudio de caso psicodramático utilizando el registro documental de sesiones de psicoterapia bipersonal de tres pacientes atendidos previamente por la primera autora y los relatos de la propia autora sobre sus percepciones en las sesiones. Se presentaron reflexiones que demuestran resultados positivos en relación a las aproximaciones en la relación terapéutica, utilizando el humor, la poesía y la música como formas de conexión entre el psicodramatista y el cliente.

Competencia profesional de enfermeros en unidades de urgencias y emergencias: estudio de método mixto / Nurses' professional competencies in urgency and emergency units: A mixed-methods study / Competências profissionais dos enfermeiros de unidades de urgência e emergência: estudo de método misto

Objetivo: describir las competencias profesionales de los enfermeros que trabajan en urgencias y emergencias y comprender la percepción que tienen sobre las competencias esenciales para el desempeño y la actualización profesional. Método: estudio secuencial explicativo de métodos mixtos, realizado con enfermeros de urgencias y emergencias. Para obtener datos cuantitativos, se utilizó un cuestionario con 78 ítems, respondido por 39 enfermeros, que fueron analizados mediante estadística descriptiva y pruebas no paramétricas. Los datos cualitativos se obtuvieron a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas con 17 enfermeros, que fueron interpretados mediante el análisis temático de contenido inductivo. Los datos se combinaron por conexión. Resultados: se obtuvo un alto nivel de competencia en la autoevaluación de los enfermeros de urgencias y emergencias en el factor 2 - relaciones en el trabajo y un nivel más bajo en el factor 6 - excelencia profesional (p=0,036). Los datos cualitativos coincidieron positivamente con el factor relaciones en el trabajo, identificando la asociación entre conocimiento y experiencia práctica con las competencias, además de un escenario que carece de educación continua. Conclusión: a pesar de los altos niveles de competencia identificados en los enfermeros de urgencias y emergencias, el fortalecimiento de las estrategias educativas favorece el desarrollo y reconocimiento profesional.

Objective: to describe the professional competencies of nurses working in urgency and emergency services and to understand their perception of the essential competencies for professional performance and updating. Method: a sequential, mixed-methods and explanatory study, conducted with emergency nurses. To obtain the quantitative data, a questionnaire with 78 items was used, answered by 39 nurses and analyzed using descriptive statistics and non-parametric tests. In turn, the qualitative data were obtained through semi-structured interviews with 17 nurses, whose interpretation was based on inductive content thematic analysis. The data were combined by connection. Results: a high level of competence was obtained in the self-assessment of urgency and emergency nurses in Factor 2 - Relations at work and a lower level in Factor 6 - Professional excellence (p=0.036). The qualitative data corroborated positively with the "Relations at work" factor, identifying the association of knowledge and practical experience, with competencies beyond a scenario devoid of permanent education. Conclusion: despite the high levels of competence identified in emergency nurses, the strengthening of educational strategies favors professional development and recognition.

Objetivo: descrever as competências profissionais dos enfermeiros que atuam em urgência e emergência e compreender sua percepção a respeito das competências essenciais para a atuação e a atualização profissional. Método: estudo sequencial explanatório de métodos mistos, realizado com enfermeiros de urgência e emergência. Para a obtenção dos dados quantitativos, utilizou-se um questionário com 78 itens, respondidos por 39 enfermeiros, que foram analisados mediante estatística descritiva e testes não paramétricos. Já os dados qualitativos, foram obtidos por entrevista semiestruturada realizada com 17 enfermeiros, cuja interpretação deu-se pela análise temática de conteúdo indutiva. Os dados foram combinados por conexão. Resultados: obteve-se alto nível de competência na autoavaliação dos enfermeiros de urgência e emergência no fator 2 - relações no trabalho e menor nível no fator 6 - excelência profissional (p=0,036). Os dados qualitativos corroboraram de forma positiva com o fator relações no trabalho, identificando a associação do conhecimento e experiência prática com competências, além de um cenário desprovido de educação permanente. Conclusão: apesar de altos níveis de competência identificados nos enfermeiros de urgência e emergência, o fortalecimento de estratégias educacionais favorece o desenvolvimento e o reconhecimento profissional.

Rol del coordinador de enfermería en las subdirecciones de gestión del cuidado / The role of nursing coordinators within care management sub-directorates / Papel do coordenador de enfermagem nas subdiretorias de gestão assistente

Objetivo: El objetivo de esta reflexión fue explorar de acuerdo con la evidencia científica disponible, las funciones y atributos del rol de las enfermeras coordinadoras en atención cerrada. Desarrollo: En Chile la gestión del cuidado de enfermería para atención cerrada de establecimientos hospitalarios de mediana y alta complejidad se encuentra regulada por la norma general administrativa N° 19, con resolución exenta 1127 de 2007. A más de 15 años de su implementación se ha cuantificado una desigualdad en cuanto a estructura y alta heterogeneidad de las funciones enmendadas a través de la norma que las regula. A nivel internacional y nacional no existe consenso en relación con la estructura de enfermería y con ello el rol de coordinadoras de enfermería dentro de las subdirecciones de gestión del cuidado. Esta investigación demuestra divergencia en las estructuras de Enfermería y las definiciones con respecto a las coordinaciones de Enfermería, aspecto fundamental para la gobernanza de Enfermería. El estilo de liderazgo, motivación, comunicación efectiva, acompañamiento y el conocimiento de sistemas complejos, pueden determinar características de las enfermeras coordinadoras. Conclusiones: La definición y funciones del desarrollo del rol de la coordinación de enfermería es divergente. En la actualidad las estructuras son disímiles entre los establecimientos hospitalarios. Se sugiere establecer una estructura orgánica general desde el nivel central para la universalidad de las subdirecciones de enfermería, considerando las diferencias de acuerdo con carteras de servicios, complejidad y especialidad de los hospitales chilenos.

Objective: This reflection aimed to explore, based on the existing scientific evidence, the functions and attributes of the nurse coordinator's role in hospital care. Development: In Chile, nursing management for hospital care in medium- and high-complexity establishments is regulated by general administrative standard No. 19 through the exempt resolution 1127, 2007. More than 15 years after its implementation, some inequalities have been detected in its structure, as well as high heterogeneity in the functions that have been amended through the norm that regulates them. There is no consensus regarding the structure of nursing roles, whether at the international or national level; this includes the role of nursing coordinators within care management sub-directorates. This reflection reveals the divergence that exists among the structures of Nursing and the definitions related to nursing coordination, a fundamental aspect of governance in Nursing. Leadership style, motivation, effective communication, support, and knowledge of complex systems can determine the characteristics of nursing coordinators. Conclusions: The definition and functions of the nursing coordination role are divergent. Currently, the structures are dissimilar among hospital facilities. It is suggested that a general organizational structure is developed from a central level and universalized to all nursing sub-directorates, considering differences according to the service portfolios, complexity, and specialty of hospitals in Chile.

Objetivo: O objetivo desta reflexão foi explorar, de acordo com a evidência científica disponível, as funções e atributos da atuação dos enfermeiros coordenadores no cuidado fechado. Desenvolvimento: No Chile, a gestão da assistência de enfermagem para atendimento fechado em estabelecimentos hospitalares de média e alta complexidade é regulamentada pela norma administrativa geral nº 19, com isenção da resolução 1.127 de 2007. Mais de 15 anos após sua implementação, quantificou-se uma desigualdade em termos de estrutura e elevada heterogeneidade das funções alteradas pela norma que as regulamenta. A nível internacional e nacional não existe consenso em relação à estrutura de enfermagem e, portanto, ao papel dos coordenadores de enfermagem nas subdireções de gestão do cuidado. Esta reflexão demostra divergências nas estruturas e definições de enfermagem em relação à coordenação de enfermagem, um aspecto fundamental para a governança em enfermagem. O estilo de liderança, a motivação, a comunicação eficaz, o suporte e o conhecimento de sistemas complexos podem determinar características dos enfermeiros coordenadores. Conclusões: A definição e funções do desenvolvimento do papel da coordenação de enfermagem são divergentes. Atualmente, as estruturas são díspares entre os estabelecimentos hospitalares. Sugere-se estabelecer uma estrutura orgânica geral a partir do nível central para a universalidade das subdireções de enfermagem, considerando as diferenças segundo carteiras de serviços, complexidade e especialidade dos hospitais chilenos.

Facilitadores y barreras para la implementación de un programa de enfermería de práctica avanzada en Chile / Facilitators and barriers in the implementation of advanced practice in nursing program

INTRODUCCIÓN: El desarrollo de la Enfermería de Práctica Avanzada se ha transformado en una tendencia global en las últimas décadas. Desde que esta formación de posgrado emergió en Estados Unidos ha trascendido a otros continentes y países. Si bien en la región de las Américas estos programas aún tienen un carácter incipiente, la Organización Panamericana de la Salud ha realizado esfuerzos constantes para relevar su aporte al logro del acceso universal de salud y al fortalecimiento de la atención primaria de salud y a la fuerza laboral de Enfermería. OBJETIVO: Este artículo presenta una reflexión acerca de la implementación de un programa de Práctica Avanzada en Chile, analizando facilitadores y desafíos del proceso. DESARROLLO: En respuesta a las necesidades del país y al contexto, la Escuela de Enfermería UC abrió su primer programa en 2021, específicamente en el área de la oncología, enfocado a abordar las brechas de acceso y cobertura en el área. Se plantean facilitadores y desafíos de la implementación que coinciden con lo que ocurre a nivel internacional CONCLUSIONES: Las fortalezas como los desafíos identificados proporciona una clara orientación para avanzar en la implementación y permiten proyectar estrategias basadas en evidencia y con pertinencia contextual, que consideren e integren las iniciativas exitosas publicadas y los logros obtenidos.

INTRODUCTION: The development of Advanced Practice Nursing has become a global trend in recent decades. Since this postgraduate training emerged in the United States, it has spread to other continents and countries. Although in the region of the Americas these programs are still incipient, the Pan American Health Organization has made constant efforts to highlight their contribution to the achievement of universal health access and to the strengthening of primary health care and the nursing workforce. OBJECTIVE: This article presents a reflection on the implementation of an Advanced Practice program in Chile, analyzing facilitators and challenges of the process. DEVELOPMENT: In response to the needs of the country and the context, the UC School of Nursing opened its first program in 2021, specifically in oncology, focused on addressing the gaps in access and coverage in the area. Facilitators and challenges of implementation are raised that coincide with what is happening internationally CONCLUSIONS: The strengths as well as the challenges identified provide clear guidance to advance implementation and allow projecting strategies based on evidence and with contextual relevance, which consider and integrate the successful initiatives published and the achievements obtained.

Supervisión de salud de niños/as con Síndrome de Down realizado por enfermera, desde la mirada de sus cuidadores / Caregivers' perspectives about the health supervision of children with Down Syndrome carried out by a nurse

INTRODUCCION: Los niños con Síndrome de Down (SD) y sus cuidadores requieren de una atención de salud multidisciplinaria que responda a sus necesidades desde una perspectiva integral. OBJETIVO: conocer las experiencias y expectativas que tienen los cuidadores de niños con SD en relación con los cuidados brindados por la enfermera durante el control de supervisión de salud infantil. METOLOGÍA: Estudio cualitativo fenomenológico, muestra intencionada de casos por criterios conformada por 11 cuidadores de niños con SD entre 0 y 9 años, que recibieron prestaciones en el Control de Salud Infantil. Se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas, los datos se analizaron siguiendo el esquema de reducción progresiva. Contó con la aprobación de la Dirección de Carrera de Enfermería, Universidad Santo Tomás (Temuco-Chile) (Acta 07-2018). RESULTADOS: se generaron dos categorías: "Experiencia de atención otorgada por la enfermera" y "Expectativas vinculadas a la atención proporcionada por la enfermera", se develó que los cuidadores de niños con SD perciben que los cuidados brindados por la enfermera durante la atención son insuficientes en relación con las necesidades que estos niños presentan. Esto estaría vinculado con la falta de conocimientos sobre esta condición y su abordaje integral. Con respecto a sus expectativas, refieren necesidad de acompañamiento, apoyo, educación y de profesionales de enfermería capacitados. CONCLUSIONES: urge abordar las brechas con respecto a las competencias del profesional de enfermería que realiza controles de salud del niño para poder entregar una atención de calidad a ellos y sus familias.

INTRODUCTION: Children with Down Syndrome (DS) and their caregivers require multidisciplinary health care that meets their needs from a comprehensive perspective. OBJECTIVE: to know the experiences and expectations that caregivers of children with DS have concerning the care provided by the nurse in the Child Health Supervision Attention. METHOD: A qualitative phenomenological study was conducted, an intentional sample of cases by criteria made up of 11 caregivers of children with DS between 0 and 9 years of age, who received benefits at the Child Health Control. Semi-structured interviews were carried out; the data were analyzed following the progressive reduction scheme. It had the approval of the Nursing Career Department, Santo Tomás University (Temuco-Chile) (Acta 07-2018). RESULTS: two categories were generated: "Experience of care provided by the nurse" and "Expectations linked to the care provided by the nurse", it was revealed that caregivers of children with DS perceive that the care provided by the nurse during the control is insufficient with the children's needs also, data showed a link to the lack of knowledge about this condition and its comprehensive approach. Regarding their expectations, they report the need for accompaniment, support, and education from the nurse, in addition to being a trained professional. CONCLUSION: It is urgent to address the gaps regarding the competencies of the nursing professional who performs child health checks to deliver quality care to them and their families.

Enfermería de Práctica Avanzada en el Sistema de Salud: evolución, aceptación y reconocimiento / Advanced Practice Nursing in the Health System: evolution, acceptance and recognition

Introducción: se estima escasez de 5.9 millones de profesionistas de la salud a nivel mundial. La Enfermería de Práctica Avanzada (EPA), cuenta con conocimientos, competencias y habilidades clínicas específicas para actuar en situaciones de déficit de personal médico, tratando desde enfermedades agudas hasta crónico degenerativas, preservando tanto la salud mental como física. Objetivo: Determinar el desempeño de la Enfermería de Práctica Avanzada en el Sector Salud. Metodología: revisión sistemática sobre la EPA, que incluyó revisiones y artículos originales del periodo 2013-2022 en español e inglés, acerca de su desempeño: evolución, aceptación y reconocimiento. Para la identificación, cribado e inclusión de los artículos se utilizó el modelo PRISMA 2020. Resultados: de un total de 838 artículos identificados, se incluyeron 20 artículos y 7 de otras fuentes como citas y otros sitios web, obteniendo un total de 27 artículos de revisión, que abordan la evolución, la aceptación y reconocimiento. Se realizó análisis cualitativo. Conclusiones: el desempeño de EPA surge por las demandas poblacionales de atención primaria a la salud, diversos países ya cuentan con EPA, asistiendo a sus habitantes desde sus especialidades. La EPA es diversa y extensa, su profesionalización debe ser continua y permanente. En México falta camino para tomar la EPA como parte del equipo multidisciplinario

Abstract Introduction: About 5.9 millions healthcare professionals lack across the world. The Advanced Practice Nursing (APN), has specific knowledge, competences, and clinical abilities to act in medical absence, taking care from acute illness until chronic diseases, preserving both mental and physical health. Objective: To determine the Advanced Practice Nursing (APN) performance in the Health Sector. Methods: A systematic review about APN, including reviews and original articles from the period 2013-2022 in Spanish and English, about performance: evolution, acceptance and recognition. For the identification, screening, and inclusion of the articles the PRISMA 2020 model was used. Results: Of 838 total identified articles, 20 articles were included from the search and 7 from other sources such as citations and other websites, obtaining 27 total articles to be reviewed, which regard the evolution, acceptance and recognition. A qualitative analysis was performed. Conclusions: The APN performance arose because of demands for primary health care; several countries already have APN, providing care to inhabitants through their different specialties. APN is diverse and extensive, its professionalization must be continuous and permanent. In Mexico there is still some way to go to APN to take part in the multidisciplinary team.

Variables académicas y de calidad de vida en estudiantes universitarios mexicanos / Academic and quality of life variables in mexican university students

Resumen. Objetivo. Analizar el efecto de las expectativas y metas de progreso académicas en las dimensiones de la calidad de vida de estudiantes universitarios mexicanos. Método. El tipo de investigación es cuantitativa con un diseño transversal, abierto, observacional con alcances descriptivos y predictivos. Las técnicas estadísticas utilizadas fueron estadística descriptiva, coeficiente de correlación y análisis de senderos con el método GLS. El muestreo fue no probabilístico por conveniencia, con un total de 465 participantes. Resultados. Se demostró que, para el modelo explicativo resultante, la variable metas de progreso académicas es un predictor directo de la dimensión función física. Asimismo, las expectativas académicas de resultado son un predictor de las dimensiones rol emocional y la función física. Respecto a los componentes de la salud física y mental, este último presentó la puntuación más baja.

Abstract. Objective. To analyze the effect of expectations and goals of academic progress on the dimensions of the quality of life of Mexican university students. Method. The research was quantitative with a cross-sectional, open, observational design with descriptive and predictive scopes. The statistical techniques used were descriptive statistics, correlation coefficient and path analysis with the GLS method. Sampling was non-probabilistic for convenience, with a total of 465 participants. Results. For the resulting explanatory model the variable academic progress goals is a direct predictor of the physical function dimension. And academic expectations of outcome are a predictor of the emotional role and physical function dimensions.

A microscopic scenario on recovery mechanisms under waterlogging and submergence stress in rice.

MAIN CONCLUSION: Adaptive traits in rice responding to flooding, a compound stress, are associated with morpho-anatomical and physiological changes which are regulated at the genetic level. Therefore, understanding submergence stress tolerance in rice will help development of adapted cultivars that can help mitigate agricultural losses. Rice is an important dietary component of daily human consumption and is cultivated as a staple crop worldwide. Flooding is a compound stress which imposes significant financial losses to farmers. Flood-affected rainfed rice ecosystems led to the development of various adaptive traits in different cultivars for their optimal growth and survival. Some cultivars can tolerate hypoxia by temporarily arresting elongation and conserving their energy sources, which they utilize to regrow after the stress conditions subside. However, few other cultivars rapidly elongate to escape hypoxia using carbohydrate resources. These contrasting characters are regulated at the genetic level through different quantitative trait loci that contain ERF transcription factors (TFs), Submergence and Snorkels. TFs can simultaneously activate the transcription of various genes involved in stress and development responses. These TFs are of prime importance because the introgressed and near-isogenic lines showed promising results with increased submergence tolerance without affecting yield or quality. However, the entire landscape of submergence tolerance is not entirely depicted, and further exploration in the field is necessary to understand the mechanism in rice completely. Therefore, this review will highlight the significant adaptive traits observed in flooded rice varieties and how they are regulated mechanistically.

Pertinencia de enfermería, según las competencias percibidas por los graduados de la Universidad de Guayaquil

Fundamento: la pertinencia en salud se relaciona con la coherencia existente en un proyecto de intervención según las necesidades de sus beneficiarios; en ello es muy importante que el profesional posea facultades para combinar sus capacidades en el logro de un propósito determinado. Objetivo: determinar indicadores de empleabilidad según las competencias en graduados de la carrera de Enfermería de la Universidad de Guayaquil . Métodos: estudio descriptivo/explicativo con una muestra representativa de 136 graduados de los últimos cinco años, a los que se les aplica un instrumento validado por juicio de expertos (0,89: alfa de Cronbach). Se midieron 17 indicadores de empleabilidad interna y seis de empleabilidad externa. Resultados: los graduados de enfermería perciben la empleabilidad como atributos y competencias del ser, con habilidades de resolución de problemas, ser reflexivos, pensamiento crítico, conductas éticas y liderazgo efectivo. En relación con la empleabilidad externa los egresados se consideraron con competencias de atributos que los hacen competitivos en el entorno laboral de enfermería. Conclusiones: los graduados de la carrera de enfermería de la universidad de Guayaquil poseen los atributos y competencias de una empleabilidad interna y externa de acuerdo con los objetivos y perfiles del profesional de enfermería.

Foundation: the relevance in health is related to the existing coherence in an intervention project according to the needs of its beneficiaries; In this it is very important that the professional has the faculties to combine his capacities in the achievement of a certain purpose. Objective: to determine employability indicators according to the competencies in graduates of the Guayaquil University nursing career. Methods: descriptive/explanatory study with a representative sample of 136 graduates of the last five years, to whom an instrument validated by expert judgment (0.89: Cronbach's alpha) was applied. 17 indicators of internal employability and six of external employability were measured. Results Nursing graduates perceive employability as attributes and competencies of being, with problem-solving skills, being reflective, critical thinking, ethical behaviors, and effective leadership. In relation to external employability, graduates were considered to have attribute competencies that make them competitive in the nursing work environment. Conclusions: Nursing graduates from the Guayaquil University have the attributes and competencies of internal and external employability in accordance with the expectations of the objectives and the nursing professional's profiles.

Biosynthesis of Functional Silver Nanoparticles Using Callus and Hairy Root Cultures of Aristolochia manshuriensis.

This study delves into the novel utilization of Aristolochia manshuriensis cultured cells for extracellular silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) synthesis without the need for additional substances. The presence of elemental silver has been verified using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, while distinct surface plasmon resonance peaks were revealed by UV-Vis spectra. Transmission and scanning electron microscopy indicated that the AgNPs, ranging in size from 10 to 40 nm, exhibited a spherical morphology. Fourier-transform infrared analysis validated the abilty of A. manshuriensis extract components to serve as both reducing and capping agents for metal ions. In the context of cytotoxicity on embryonic fibroblast (NIH 3T3) and mouse neuroblastoma (N2A) cells, AgNPs demonstrated varying effects. Specifically, nanoparticles derived from callus cultures exhibited an IC50 of 2.8 µg/mL, effectively inhibiting N2A growth, whereas AgNPs sourced from hairy roots only achieved this only at concentrations of 50 µg/mL and above. Notably, all studied AgNPs' treatment-induced cytotoxicity in fibroblast cells, yielding IC50 values ranging from 7.2 to 36.3 µg/mL. Furthermore, the findings unveiled the efficacy of the synthesized AgNPs against pathogenic microorganisms impacting both plants and animals, including Agrobacterium rhizogenes, A. tumefaciens, Bacillus subtilis, and Escherichia coli. These findings underscore the effectiveness of biotechnological methodologies in offering advanced and enhanced green nanotechnology alternatives for generating nanoparticles with applications in combating cancer and infectious disorders.

[Discourses on violence against women by young people and professionals in Spain: PositivMasc project]. / Discursos sobre violencia contra la mujer de jóvenes y profesionales en España. Proyecto PositivMasc.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the discourses of young people and professionals on violence against women and to explore possible strategies for its prevention in Spain. METHOD: Qualitative study based on semi-structured interviews with 16 young people (18-24 years old) and 23 professionals working in violence against women prevention. A discourse analysis was carried out to identify the main interpretative repertoires. RESULTS: The four interpretative repertoires of this study reflect how young people perceive physical violence in the domestic sphere as the most visible type of violence against women. In their discourses, both young men and women describe the bidirectional nature of intimate partner violence. The allusion to the responsibility of social agents in the perpetuation of violence against women emerges. Finally, young people and professionals emphasize the key role of boys in the prevention of violence against women. CONCLUSIONS: Physical violence continues to be the main type of violence perceived by the young population, but most girls were able to identify other more subtle and normalized forms of violence. Social agents have a strong influence on the imaginary of violence against women in the young population. Finally, future strategies against violence against women must involve young men in community-based strategies that work to promote positive and egalitarian attitudes and relationships.

Auxin-dependent regulation of growth via rolB-induced modulation of the ROS metabolism in the long-term cultivated pRiA4-transformed Rubiacordifolia L. calli.

Gene transfer from Agrobacterium to plants is the best studied example of horizontal gene transfer (HGT) between prokaryotes and eukaryotes. The rol genes of A. rhizogenes (Rhizobium rhizogenes) provide uncontrolled root growth, or "hairy root" syndrome, the main diagnostic feature. In the present study, we investigated the stable pRiA4-transformed callus culture of Rubia cordifolia L. While untransformed callus cultures need PGRs (plant growth regulators) as an obligatory supplement, pRiA4 calli is able to achieve long-term PGR-free cultivation. For the first time, we described the pRiA4-transformed callus cultures' PGR-dependent ROS status, growth, and specialized metabolism. As we have shown, expression of the rolA and rolB but not the rolC genes is contradictory in a PGR-dependent manner. Moreover, a PGR-free pRiA4 transformed cell line is characterised as more anthraquinone (AQ) productive than an untransformed cell culture. These findings pertain to actual plant biotechnology: it could be the solution to troubles in choosing the best PGR combination for the cultivation of some rare, medicinal, and woody plants; wild-type Ri-plants and tissue cultures may become freed from legal controls on genetically modified organisms in the future. We propose possible PGR-dependent relationships between rolA and rolB as well as ROS signalling targets. The present study highlighted the high importance of the rolA gene in the regulation of combined rol gene effects and the large knowledge gap in rolA action.

Idealização da maternidade e herança psíquica: reflexões no contemporáneo / Idealization of motherhood and psychic heritage: reflections in the contemporary / Idealización de la maternidad y herencia psíquica: reflexiones en lo contemporáneo

Considerando as transformações na maternidade ao longo da história e a atual crise identitária na relação da mulher com a maternidade, ou seja, o conflito entre os ideais de maternidade relacionados à figura da mulher/mãe e as demandas contemporâneas de realização individual no trabalho, realizou-se este estudo transversal, exploratório-descritivo de abordagem qualitativa, cujo objetivo consistia em descrever e analisar, a partir da psicanálise de casal e família, a experiência de mães que abandonaram da carreira profissional para a dedicação exclusiva à maternidade. Foram entrevistadas oito mulheres de classe média, entre 30 e 50 anos, que eram mães e abandonaram suas carreiras profissionais para se dedicarem à maternidade. As entrevistas que compuseram os resultados foram transcritas e as análises de conteúdo temática apontaram as múltiplas exigências, tanto sociais, quanto relacionadas à herança psíquica, que trazem implicações para a construção identitária dessas mulheres. Concluímos que um processo de elaboração dessa herança exige uma rede vincular de apoio e pressupõe a desidealização da maternidade, entendendo-a como plural, tanto no sentido de ser múltipla e diversa, quanto no sentido de ser uma construção vincular.

Noticing the history transformations in motherhood, and the current identity crisis in the woman's relationship between femininity and maternity, that is, the conflict between the ideas of motherhood related to the figure of the woman/mother and the contemporary demands of individual realization at work, this exploratory-descriptive, cross-sectional, study of a qualitative approach was carried out, whose objective was to describe and analyze, from the perspective of psychoanalysis of the linking configurations, the experience of mothers who abandoned the professional career for the exclusive dedication to motherhood. Eight middle-class women, aged between 30 and 50, who were mothers and abandoned their professional careers to dedicate themselves to motherhood-retirar, were interviewed. The interviews that composed the results were transcribed, and thematic content analyses pointed out the multiple demands, both social and related to psychic heritage, which have implications for the identity construction of these women. We conclude that an elaboration of this heritage requires a link network of support and presupposes the non-idealization of motherhood, understanding it as plural, both in the sense of being multiple and diverse, and in the sense of being a bonding construction.

Considerando los cambios en la maternidad a lo largo de la historia y la actual crisis de identidad en la relación de la mujer con la maternidad, es decir, el conflicto entre los ideales de maternidad relacionados con la figura de la mujer/madre y las demandas contemporáneas de realización individual en el trabajo, se realizó este estudio transversal, exploratorio-descriptivo de abordaje cualitativo, cuyo objetivo consistía en describir y analizar, a partir del psicoanálisis de las configuraciones vincular, la experiencia de madres que abandonaron de la carrera profesional para la dedicación exclusiva a la maternidad. Fueron entrevistadas ocho mujeres de clase media, entre 30 y 50 años. que eran madres y abandonaron sus carreras profesionales para dedicarse a la maternidad-retirar. Las entrevistas que compusieron los resultados fueron transcritas y los análisis de contenido temático señalaron las múltiples exigencias, tanto sociales, como relacionadas a la herencia psíquica, que traen implicaciones para la construcción identitaria de esas mujeres. Concluimos que un proceso de elaboración de esa herencia exige una red vincular de apoyo y presupone la desidealización de la maternidad, entendiéndola como plural, tanto en el sentido de ser múltiple y diversa, como en el sentido de ser una construcción vincular.

Adaptarnos para sobrevivir. Requerimientos de un nuevo paradigma / Adapting to survive. Requirements for a new paradigm

A lo largo de la historia, el rol del bioquímico en el laboratorio clínico ha ido mutando, adaptándose a nuevos paradigmas, consecuencia del avance de la tecnología1 y la informática, de la presión externa ejercida por las empresas proveedoras de reactivos que reducen el tiempo útil de los equipos, aumentando su tasa de recambio, de una medicina más compleja que impone nuevos desafíos diagnósticos y de los cambios sociales que se ven reflejados en una alteración en el orden de los valores adoptado por las nuevas generaciones de profesionales que conviven con otras, provocando "turbulencia generacional" en los lugares de trabajo. Los laboratorios necesitan hoy someterse a una reingeniería de sus procesos, descartar aquellos que no agreguen valor, que causan fugas innecesarias de insumos, personas y tiempo e intervenir la cultura organizacional de manera integral, para adaptarse a las exigencias que la actualidad requiere, donde la calidad, la seguridad y la sostenibilidad son los principales protagonistas )AU)

Over time, the role of the biochemist in the clinical laboratory has been changing, adapting to new paradigms, as a consequence of the advance of technology and informatics, of the external pressure exerted by the companies supplying reagents that reduce the useful time of the equipment, increasing its replacement rate, of a more complex medicine that imposes new diagnostic challenges, and of social changes that are reflected in an alteration in the values adopted by the new generations of professionals who coexist with others, causing "generational turbulence" in the workplace. Laboratories today need to reengineer their processes, eliminate those that do not add value, that cause unnecessary waste of supplies, people and time, and intervene in the organizational culture in a comprehensive manner, in order to adapt to the demands of today's world, where quality, safety, and sustainability are the main drivers (AU)