RESUMO
Biomolecular condensates play a key role in organizing RNAs and proteins into membraneless organelles. Bacterial RNP-bodies (BR-bodies) are a biomolecular condensate containing the RNA degradosome mRNA decay machinery, but the biochemical function of such organization remains poorly defined. Here, we define the RNA substrates of BR-bodies through enrichment of the bodies followed by RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). We find that long, poorly translated mRNAs, small RNAs, and antisense RNAs are the main substrates, while rRNA, tRNA, and other conserved non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are excluded from these bodies. BR-bodies stimulate the mRNA decay rate of enriched mRNAs, helping to reshape the cellular mRNA pool. We also observe that BR-body formation promotes complete mRNA decay, avoiding the buildup of toxic endo-cleaved mRNA decay intermediates. The combined selective permeability of BR-bodies for both enzymes and substrates together with the stimulation of the sub-steps of mRNA decay provide an effective organization strategy for bacterial mRNA decay.
Assuntos
Caulobacter crescentus/metabolismo , Endorribonucleases/metabolismo , Escherichia coli/metabolismo , Complexos Multienzimáticos/metabolismo , Organelas/metabolismo , Polirribonucleotídeo Nucleotidiltransferase/metabolismo , RNA Helicases/metabolismo , Estabilidade de RNA , RNA Mensageiro/metabolismo , Caulobacter crescentus/genética , Caulobacter crescentus/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Endorribonucleases/genética , Escherichia coli/genética , Escherichia coli/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Humanos , Complexos Multienzimáticos/genética , Organelas/genética , Polirribonucleotídeo Nucleotidiltransferase/genética , RNA Helicases/genética , RNA Antissenso/genética , RNA Antissenso/metabolismo , RNA Mensageiro/genética , RNA Ribossômico/genética , RNA Ribossômico/metabolismo , Pequeno RNA não Traduzido/genética , Pequeno RNA não Traduzido/metabolismo , RNA de Transferência/genética , RNA de Transferência/metabolismo , RNA não Traduzido/genética , RNA não Traduzido/metabolismoRESUMO
Production of the translation apparatus of E. coli is carefully matched to the demand for protein synthesis posed by a given growth condition. For example, the fraction of RNA polymerases that transcribe rRNA and tRNA drops from 80% during rapid growth to 24% within minutes of a sudden amino acid starvation. We recently reported in Nucleic Acids Research that the tRNA pool is more dynamically regulated than previously thought. In addition to the regulation at the level of synthesis, we found that tRNAs are subject to demand-based regulation at the level of their degradation. In this point-of-view article we address the question of why this phenomenon has not previously been described. We also present data that expands on the mechanism of tRNA degradation, and we discuss the possible implications of tRNA instability for the ability of E. coli to cope with stresses that affect the translation process.
Assuntos
Aminoácidos/deficiência , Escherichia coli/genética , Biossíntese de Proteínas , RNA de Transferência/genética , Estresse Fisiológico/genética , Endorribonucleases/genética , Endorribonucleases/metabolismo , Escherichia coli/metabolismo , Poliadenilação , Polinucleotídeo Adenililtransferase/genética , Polinucleotídeo Adenililtransferase/metabolismo , Estabilidade de RNA , RNA Mensageiro/genética , RNA Mensageiro/metabolismo , RNA de Transferência/metabolismoRESUMO
Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) is a food-borne pathogen that assembles a type III secretion system (T3SS) on its surface. The last portion of the T3SS, called the 'translocon', is composed of a filament and a pore complex that is inserted into the membrane of intestinal epithelial cells. The genes encoding the translocon (espADB) are part of the LEE4 operon. Their expression is regulated by a complex post-transcriptional mechanism that involves the processing of LEE4 mRNA by the essential endoribonuclease RNase E. Here, we report the construction of an EHEC strain (TEA028-rne) in which RNase E can be induced by adding IPTG to the culture medium. EHEC cells deficient in RNase E displayed an abnormal morphology and slower growth, in agreement with published observations in E. coli K-12. Under those conditions, EspA and EspB were produced at higher concentrations, and protein secretion still occurred. These results indicate that RNase E negatively regulates translocon protein synthesis and demonstrate the utility of E. coli strain TEA028-rne as a tool for investigating the influence of this ribonuclease on EHEC gene expression in vitro.
Assuntos
Proteínas da Membrana Bacteriana Externa/biossíntese , Endorribonucleases/deficiência , Escherichia coli O157/metabolismo , Proteínas de Escherichia coli/biossíntese , Sistemas de Secreção Tipo III/biossíntese , Proteínas da Membrana Bacteriana Externa/genética , Proteínas da Membrana Bacteriana Externa/metabolismo , DNA Bacteriano , Endorribonucleases/genética , Escherichia coli O157/genética , Proteínas de Escherichia coli/genética , Proteínas de Escherichia coli/metabolismo , Regulação Bacteriana da Expressão Gênica , Humanos , Isopropiltiogalactosídeo/farmacologia , ÓperonRESUMO
Escherichia coli cells require RNase E, encoded by the essential gene rne, to propagate. The growth properties on different carbon sources of E. coli cells undergoing suppression of RNase E production suggested that reduction in RNase E is associated with decreased expression of phosphoenolpyruvate synthetase (PpsA), which converts pyruvate to phosphoenolpyruvate during gluconeogenesis. Western blotting and genetic complementation confirmed the role of RNase E in PpsA expression. Adventitious ppsA overexpression from a multicopy plasmid was sufficient to restore colony formation of ∆rne E. coli on minimal media containing glycerol or succinate as the sole carbon source. Complementation of ∆rne by ppsA overproduction was observed during growth on solid media but was only partial, and bacteria showed slowed cell division and grew as filamentous chains. We found that restoration of colony-forming ability by ppsA complementation occurred independent of the presence of endogenous RNase G or second-site suppressors of RNase E essentiality. Our investigations demonstrate the role of phosphoryl transfer catalyzable by PpsA as a determinant of RNase E essentiality in E. coli.