Análise de perfil de saúde dos trabalhadores de um hospital do sul do Brasil / Health profile analysis of hospital workers in southern Brazil / Análisis del perfil de salud de los trabajadores de un hospital del sur de Brasil

A análise do perfil de saúde dos profissionais de saúde é necessária em ambientes hospitalares devido ao nível de insalubridade apresentado nesses locais. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi investigar o perfil de saúde, nível de atividade física e exposição a telas de trabalhadores de um hospital no Sul do Brasil. Este estudo tem caráter transversal e descritivo, e a amostra utilizada foi composta por trabalhadores adultos de um hospital universitário do Sul do Brasil. Os resultados indicaram que a maioria eram mulheres, brancas, de 35-44 anos, com especialização, renda de três a seis salários mínimos, percepção de bem-estar "boa" a "regular", índice de massa corporal "eutrófico" a "sobrepeso", sem doenças crônicas, não fumantes, com sono irregular, ansiedade em níveis normais, saúde percebida como "boa", sedentários, com mais de seis horas de tempo sentado em dias de trabalho. Foram encontradas associações entre ansiedade e várias variáveis. Embora com aspectos positivos, destaca-se que os trabalhadores apresentaram fatores de riscos à saúde, como sedentarismo, tempo prolongado sentado e dor corporal leve e sono irregular. Intervenções em saúde como diminuição de sedentarismo promovendo a prática de atividade física, redução de tempo sentado e orientações para manejo do sono e alívio de dores são necessárias nesse ambiente.

Analyzing the health profile of healthcare professionals is necessary in hospital environments due to their level of unhealthy conditions. Thus, this study investigated the health profile, level of physical activity, and screen exposure of workers at a hospital in southern Brazil. A cross-sectional descriptive was conducted with adult workers from a university hospital in southern Brazil. Results indicated that most participants were white women aged 35 to 44 years with specialization, an income of three to six minimum wages, well-being perceived as "good" to "regular", "eutrophic" to "overweight" body mass index, without chronic diseases, non-smokers, with irregular sleep, anxiety at normal levels, health perceived as "good," sedentary, sitting for more than six hours on work days. Associations were found between anxiety and several variables. Despite positive aspects, workers presented health risk factors such as a sedentary lifestyle, prolonged sitting, mild body pain, and irregular sleep. Health interventions to reduce sedentary lifestyles by promoting physical activity, to reduce sitting time, and to guide sleep management and pain relief are necessary in this setting.

El análisis del perfil de salud de los profesionales de la salud es importante en el ámbito hospitalario debido al nivel de condiciones de insalubridad en estos lugares. Así, el objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el perfil de salud, el nivel de actividad física y la exposición a pantallas por parte de los trabajadores de un hospital del Sur de Brasil. Este es un estudio transversal y descriptivo, y la muestra estuvo compuesta por trabajadores adultos de un hospital universitario del Sur de Brasil. Los resultados indicaron que la mayoría eran mujeres, blancas, de entre 35 y 44 años, con especialización, ingresos de tres a seis salarios mínimos, percepción de bienestar "bueno" a "regular", índice de masa corporal "eutrófico", "sobrepeso", sin enfermedades crónicas, no fumadores, con sueño irregular, ansiedad en niveles normales, salud percibida como "buena", sedentarios, con más de seis horas sentados en días laborales. Se encontraron asociaciones entre la ansiedad y varias variables. Aunque existen aspectos positivos, se destaca que los trabajadores presentaron factores de riesgo para la salud, como sedentarismo, estar sentado durante mucho tiempo, dolores corporales leves y sueño irregular. En este entorno son necesarias intervenciones sanitarias, como la reducción del estilo de vida sedentario mediante la promoción de la actividad física, la reducción del tiempo sentado y la orientación sobre el manejo del sueño y el alivio del dolor.

Behind the Headset: Predictive Accuracy of Patient-Reported Outcome Measures for Voice Symptoms in Call Centers

Objective: This study examines factors predicting self-reported voice symptoms in call center workers. Methods: Multivariate analysis and predictive modeling assess personal, work-related, acoustic, and behavioral factors. Generalized Linear Models (GLMs) and Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves are employed. Results: Age and sleep patterns impacted voice quality and effort, while workplace factors influenced symptom perception. Unhealthy vocal behaviors related to tense voice and increased effort, while hydration was protective. Voice acoustics showed diagnostic potential, supported by ROC data. These findings emphasize voice symptom complexity in call center professionals, necessitating comprehensive assessment. Limitations: This study recognizes its limitations, including a moderate-sized convenience sample and reliance on PROM metrics. Future research should incorporate more objective measures in addition to self-reports and acoustic analysis. Value: This research provides novel insights into the interplay of personal, occupational, and voice-related factors in developing voice symptoms among call center workers. Predictive modeling enhances risk assessment and understanding of individual susceptibility to voice disorders. Conclusion: Results show associations between various factors and self-reported voice symptoms. Protective factors include sleeping more than six hours and consistent hydration, whereas risk factors include working conditions, such as location and behaviors like smoking. Diagnostic models indicate good accuracy for some voice symptom PROMs, emphasizing the need for comprehensive models considering work factors, vocal behaviors, and acoustic parameters to understand voice issues complexity.

Objetivo: Este estudio examina los factores que predicen los síntomas de voz en los trabajadores de call centers. Métodos: Se utilizan análisis multivariados y modelos predictivos para evaluar factores personales, laborales, acústicos y de comportamiento. Se emplean Modelos Lineales Generalizados (GLM) y curvas ROC. Resultados: La edad y los patrones de sueño afectaron la calidad vocal y el esfuerzo, mientras que los factores laborales influyeron en la percepción de síntomas. Los comportamientos vocales no saludables se relacionaron con voz tensa y mayor esfuerzo, mientras que la hidratación fue protectora. Los parámetros acústicos de voz mostraron potencial diagnóstico respaldado por datos de ROC. Los hallazgos subrayan complejidad de síntomas vocales en profesionales de centros de llamadas, requiriendo una evaluación integral. Limitaciones: Este estudio reconoce sus limitaciones, que incluyen una muestra de conveniencia de tamaño moderado y la dependencia de medidas PROMs. Futuras investigaciones deberían incorporar medidas objetivas, además de los autorreportes y análisis acústico. Importancia: Esta investigación aporta nuevos conocimientos sobre factores personales, laborales y síntomas de voz en trabajadores de call centers. El modelado predictivo mejora la evaluación de riesgos y la comprensión de la susceptibilidad individual a trastornos de la voz. Conclusión: Los resultados muestran asociaciones entre diversos factores y los síntomas vocales reportados. Los factores de protección incluyen dormir más de seis horas y una hidratación constante; los factores de riesgo incluyen las condiciones de trabajo, como la ubicación y comportamientos como fumar. Los modelos de diagnóstico indican una buena precisión para algunas PROMs de síntomas de la voz, lo que subraya la necesidad de modelos integrales que tengan en cuenta los factores laborales, los comportamientos vocales y los parámetros acústicos para comprender la complejidad de los problemas de la voz.

Determinants of burnout in Canadian health care workers during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: Health care workers (HCWs) are among the most vulnerable groups to experience burnout during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. Understanding the risk and protective factors of burnout is crucial in guiding the development of interventions; however, the understanding of burnout determinants in the Canadian HCW population remains limited.Objective: Identify risk and protective factors associated with burnout in Canadian HCWs during the COVID-19 pandemic and evaluate organizational factors as moderators in the relationship between COVID-19 contact and burnout.Methods: Data were drawn from an online longitudinal survey of Canadian HCWs collected between 26 June 2020 and 31 December 2020. Participants completed questions pertaining to their well-being, burnout, workplace support and concerns relating to the COVID-19 pandemic. Baseline data from 1029 HCWs were included in the analysis. Independent samples t-tests and multiple linear regression were used to evaluate factors associated with burnout scores.Results: HCWs in contact with COVID-19 patients showed significantly higher likelihood of probable burnout than HCWs not directly providing care to COVID-19 patients. Fewer years of work experience was associated with a higher likelihood of probable burnout, whereas stronger workplace support, organizational leadership, supervisory leadership, and a favourable ethical climate were associated with a decreased likelihood of probable burnout. Workplace support, organizational leadership, supervisory leadership, and ethical climate did not moderate the associations between contact with COVID-19 patients and burnout.Conclusions: Our findings suggest that HCWs who worked directly with COVID-19 patients, had fewer years of work experience, and perceived poor workplace support, organizational leadership, supervisory leadership and ethical climate were at higher risk of burnout. Ensuring reasonable work hours, adequate support from management, and fostering an ethical work environment are potential organizational-level strategies to maintain HCWs' well-being.

Canadian HCWs endorsed high levels of burnout during the COVID-19 pandemic.Having direct contact with COVID-19 patients and having fewer years of work experience were associated with a higher likelihood of probable burnout.Having stronger workplace support, greater perceived organizational and supervisory leadership, and a favourable ethical climate were associated with a lower likelihood of probable burnout.

[Health and well-being of healthcare workers: employment and working conditions beyond the pandemic]. / Salud y bienestar del personal sanitario: condiciones de empleo y de trabajo más allá de la pandemia. Informe SESPAS 2024.

Healthcare workers are people who work in health activities, whether or not they have direct contact with citizens. Currently, around 1.3 million people (70% women) work in healthcare activities in Spain. This represents around 10% of the active population, having increased by 33% since 2008, especially the number of women, which has doubled. Healthcare organizations, especially hospitals, are extremely complex workplaces, with precarious working and employment conditions, especially in more hierarchical occupations, exposing healthcare workers to numerous occupational hazards, mainly from ergonomic and psychosocial conditions. These causes frequent musculoskeletal and mental disorders, highlighting burnout, which is estimated at 40% in some services such as intensive care units. This high morbidity is reflected in a high frequency of absences due to illness, around 9% after the pandemic. The pandemic, and its consequences in the last three years, has put extreme pressure on the health system and has clearly shown its deficiencies in relation to working and employment conditions. The hundreds of occupational health professionals, technicians and healthcare workers, who are part of the structures of health organizations, constitute very valuable resources to increase the resilience of the NHS. We recommend the strengthening in resources and institutionally of the occupational health services of health centers and the creation of an Observatory of working, employment and health conditions in the National Health Service, as an instrument for monitoring changes and proposing solutions.

Evolving SARS-CoV-2 severity among hospital and university affiliates in Spain and Greater Boston.

INTRODUCTION: The COVID-19 pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus greatly affected healthcare workers and healthcare systems. It also challenged schools and universities worldwide negatively affecting in-person education. We conducted this study is to assess the evolution of SARs-CoV-2 virulence over the course of the pandemic. METHODS: A combined cohort of University students in Spain and HCWs from the two hospitals in Spain, and one healthcare system in the Greater Boston area was followed prospectively from March 8th, 2020, to January 31st, 2022 for diagnosis with COVID-19 by PCR testing and related sequelae. Follow-up time was divided into four periods according to distinct waves of infection during the pandemic. Severity of COVID-19 was measured by case-hospitalization rate. Descriptive statistics and multivariable-adjusted statistics using the Poisson mixed-effects regression model were applied. As a sensitivity analysis, information on SARS-CoV-2 RNA in wastewater and COVID-19 deaths through May 30, 2023 from the Boston area was collected. RESULTS: For the last two periods of the study (January 1st to December 15th, 2021 and December 16th, 2021 to January 31st, 2022) and relative to the first period (March 8th to May 31st, 2020), the incidence rate ratios (IRRs) of hospitalization were 0.08 (95% CI, 0.03-0.17) and 0.03 (95% CI, 0.01-0.15), respectively. In addition, a relative risk 0.012 CI95% (0.012-0.012) was observed when comparing COVID-19 mortality versus SARS-CoV-2 RNA copies/mL in Boston-area wastewater over the period (16th December 2021 to 30th May 2023) and relative to the first period. CONCLUSIONS: The severity of COVID-19 and immunity of our populations evolved over time, resulting in a decrease in case severity. We found the case-hospitalization rate decreased more than 90% in our cohort despite an increase in incidence.

Efecto de un programa de autocuidado en hábitos de vida saludable con relación a la obesidad en personal de salud de una institución de tercer nivel / Efeito de um programa de autocuidado nos hábitos de vida saudáveis em relação à obesidade em profissionais de saúde de uma instituição terciária / Effect of a self-care program on healthy lifestyle habits in relation to obesity in health personnel of a tertiary institution

Introducción. A nivel mundial, la obesidad es considerada como un problema de salud pública debido a que afecta a la población de todas las edades, incluso al mismo personal que trabaja en instituciones de salud, situación que repercute en su ámbito personal, familiar, pero sobre todo laboral, causando en el trabajador dificultad para realizar algunos procedimientos, ausentismo laboral, discapacidad parcial o total y/o necesidad de cuidado, entre otros.  Objetivo.  Evaluar el efecto de una intervención de autocuidado en hábitos de vida saludable con relación a la obesidad en personal de salud de una institución de tercer nivel.  Metodología. Estudio cuasi experimental, muestra 30 trabajadores con sobrepeso o algún grado de obesidad de una institución de salud de tercer nivel. Se impartieron 10 temas con relación a la obesidad, para cambiar hábitos deficientes por hábitos saludables, además de 10 sesiones de actividad física.    Resultados. Al final de la intervención, dos personas bajaron el nivel de su índice de masa corporal, una persona con obesidad grado III y una de grado II bajaron a peso normal. En cuanto a las medidas antropométricas posterior a la intervención, hubo reducción en cada uno de los parámetros, referente a la evaluación del cuestionario hábitos de vida saludable, relacionados con la obesidad posterior a la intervención, se encontraron cambios positivos en cada una de las dimensiones. Sin embargo, tanto en la reducción de IMC, así como en las dimensiones del cuestionario, la diferencia encontrada, no fue estadísticamente significativa.  Conclusiones. Los resultados sugieren que una intervención educativa en hábitos de vida saludable vinculados con la obesidad en personal de salud, son eficaces para contribuir al autocuidado de los trabajadores en el ámbito laboral

Introduction. Worldwide, obesity is considered a public health problem because it affects the population of all ages, including the same personnel who work in health institutions, a situation that has repercussions in their personal and family environment, but above all at work, causing the worker difficulty in performing some procedures, absenteeism, partial or total disability and/or need for care, among others. Objective. To evaluate the effect of a self-care intervention on healthy life habits in relation to obesity in health personnel of a third level institution. Methodology. Quasi-experimental study, sample of 30 workers with overweight or some degree of obesity in a tertiary health institution. Ten topics related to obesity were taught in order to change deficient habits for healthy habits, in addition to 10 sessions of physical activity. Results. At the end of the intervention, two people lowered their body mass index level, one person with grade III obesity and one with grade II obesity lowered to normal weight. Regarding the anthropometric measures after the intervention, there was a reduction in each one of the parameters, regarding the evaluation of the healthy life habits questionnaire, related to obesity after the intervention, positive changes were found in each one of the dimensions. However, both in the reduction of BMI and in the dimensions of the questionnaire, the difference found was not statistically significant. Conclusions. The results suggest that an educational intervention on healthy lifestyle habits related to obesity in health personnel is effective in contributing to the self-care of workers in the workplace

Introdução. A nível mundial, a obesidade é considerada um problema de saúde pública porque afecta a população de todas as idades, incluindo o próprio pessoal que trabalha nas instituições de saúde, situação que tem repercussões no seu ambiente pessoal e familiar, mas sobretudo no trabalho, causando ao trabalhador dificuldade na realização de alguns procedimentos, absentismo, incapacidade parcial ou total e/ou necessidade de cuidados, entre outros. Objectivos. Avaliar o efeito de uma intervenção de autocuidado sobre hábitos de vida saudáveis em relação à obesidade em profissionais de saúde de uma instituição de cuidados terciários. Metodologia. Estudo quase-experimental, amostra de 30 trabalhadores com excesso de peso ou algum grau de obesidade numa instituição de saúde terciária. Foram ensinados dez temas relacionados com a obesidade, com o objetivo de mudar hábitos deficientes por hábitos saudáveis, além de 10 sessões de atividade física. Resultados. No final da intervenção, duas pessoas baixaram o índice de massa corporal, uma pessoa com obesidade de grau III e uma com obesidade de grau II passaram para o peso normal. Relativamente às medidas antropométricas após a intervenção, verificou-se uma redução em cada um dos parâmetros, e relativamente à avaliação do questionário de hábitos de vida saudáveis relacionados com a obesidade após a intervenção, verificaram-se alterações positivas em cada uma das dimensões. No entanto, tanto na redução do IMC como nas dimensões do questionário, a diferença encontrada não foi estatisticamente significativa. Conclusões. Os resultados sugerem que uma intervenção educativa sobre hábitos de vida saudáveis ligados à obesidade no pessoal de saúde é eficaz para contribuir para o autocuidado dos trabalhadores no local de trabalho

Prevalence of neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 using a rapid serological test in health workers of a Spanish Department of Health in Alicante (Spain) before the booster dose of the vaccine.

AIM: To study the prevalence of neutralizing antibodies in healthcare workers and healthcare support personnel after the administration of the second dose of the BNT162b2 vaccine (Pfizer-BioNTech). MATERIALS AND METHODS: In December 2021, we undertook a study in the Health Department in Orihuela, Alicante (Spain), which consists of 1500 workers. We collected demographic variables about the study participants, and we performed a "point-of-care" immunochromatography test to measure the presence of neutralizing antibodies (OJABIO® SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Antibody Detection Kit, manufactured by Wenzhou OJA Biotechnology Co., Ltd. Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China) before the administration of the third dose of the vaccine. RESULTS: We obtained complete information about 964 (64%) workers, which consisted of 290 men and 674 women. The average age was 45,8 years (min. 18, max. 68) and the average time since the last dose of the vaccine was 40,5 weeks (min. 1,71, max. 47,71). A total of 131 participants (13,5%) had suffered infection by SARS-CoV-2 confirmed using RT-PCR. The proportion of participants who showed presence of neutralizing antibodies was 38,5%. In the multivariable analysis, the time since the last dose of the vaccine (aOR week: 1,07; 95%CI: 1,04; 1,09) and previous infection by SARS-CoV-2 (aOR: 3,7; 95CI: 2,39; 5,63) showed a statistically significant association with the presence of neutralizing antibodies. CONCLUSIONS: The time since the administration of the last dose of the vaccine and the previous infection by SARS-CoV-2 determined the presence of neutralizing antibodies in 38,5% of the healthcare workers and support workers.

Exposure to moral stressors and associated outcomes in healthcare workers: prevalence, correlates, and impact on job attrition.

Introduction: Healthcare workers (HCWs) often experience morally challenging situations in their workplaces that may contribute to job turnover and compromised well-being. This study aimed to characterize the nature and frequency of moral stressors experienced by HCWs during the COVID-19 pandemic, examine their influence on psychosocial-spiritual factors, and capture the impact of such factors and related moral stressors on HCWs' self-reported job attrition intentions.Methods: A sample of 1204 Canadian HCWs were included in the analysis through a web-based survey platform whereby work-related factors (e.g. years spent working as HCW, providing care to COVID-19 patients), moral distress (captured by MMD-HP), moral injury (captured by MIOS), mental health symptomatology, and job turnover due to moral distress were assessed.Results: Moral stressors with the highest reported frequency and distress ratings included patient care requirements that exceeded the capacity HCWs felt safe/comfortable managing, reported lack of resource availability, and belief that administration was not addressing issues that compromised patient care. Participants who considered leaving their jobs (44%; N = 517) demonstrated greater moral distress and injury scores. Logistic regression highlighted burnout (AOR = 1.59; p < .001), moral distress (AOR = 1.83; p < .001), and moral injury due to trust violation (AOR = 1.30; p = .022) as significant predictors of the intention to leave one's job.Conclusion: While it is impossible to fully eliminate moral stressors from healthcare, especially during exceptional and critical scenarios like a global pandemic, it is crucial to recognize the detrimental impacts on HCWs. This underscores the urgent need for additional research to identify protective factors that can mitigate the impact of these stressors.

This study explored the nature of moral stressors encountered by health care workers, along with impacts on moral injury and intentions to leave their jobs.Morally distressing encounters were common, with the most prevalent and distressing experiences being organizational or team-based in nature.Findings revealed that severity of moral injury, particularly related to trust violation or betrayal, was a key factor influencing healthcare workers' intentions to leave their jobs.

[Pay for performance in public directly managed healthcare centers. Part 2: The Spanish National Health System. SESPAS Report 2024]. / Evaluación del rendimiento y compensación en centros sanitarios de gestión directa. Parte 2: el Sistema Nacional de Salud. Informe SESPAS 2024.

In Spain, the compensation model for statutory health personnel is complex, heterogeneous, and more oriented to rewarding complementary functions and activities, than to paying for the actual performance in the position of employee. The various attempts to incorporate incentives have been distorted by a civil service egalitarianist culture, and weak systemic governance. External attractors (private practice, etc.) for healthcare professionals are becoming more important and neutralize many intramural incentives. There are few prospects of relevant or general changes, since the main actors involved are reforms-averse; but some environmental factors can lead to incremental improvements in employment contracts, in the information available to improve benchmarking, and in the creation of islands of good clinical governance and management. The economic scenario, increasingly concerned about inflationary trends and sustainability risks, may have a revitalizing effect of some governance and management reforms.

[Pay for performance in public directly managed healthcare centers. Part 1: General framework. SESPAS Report 2024]. / Evaluación del rendimiento y compensación en centros sanitarios de gestión directa. Parte 1: marco general. Informe SESPAS 2024.

Assessing and compensating performance in professional organizations is extremely difficult in direct public management settings of health services. Performance assessment is technically complex and, more so, with multiplicity of principals influencing goal setting. Incentives are a lever to generate directionality and motivation, both structural (for attracting and retaining workers) and specific ones (rewarding performance and directing behavior towards institutional goals). Incentives influence the behavior of workers in various ways, and their effectiveness seams weak and controversial in publicly run health services. To overcome the problems of deciding and evaluating performance, both good governance models and the revitalization of contractual management are required. To improve the effectiveness of incentive models, it is convenient to: 1) widen the conceptual framework of incentives, to incorporate the structural aspects of employment contract and payment; 2) improve the designs from a greater understanding of the determinants of motivation; and 3) broaden the lens to survey the extra-mural factors that alter the behavior of workers, trying to counter them.

Feasibility and acceptability of a culturally adapted psychological first aid training intervention (Preparing Me) to support the mental health and well-being of front-line healthcare workers in China: a feasibility randomized controlled trial.

Background: Psychological first aid (PFA) training helps to prepare healthcare workers (HCWs) to manage trauma and stress during healthcare emergencies, yet evidence regarding its effectiveness and implementation is lacking.Method: A two-arm feasibility randomized controlled trial design was conducted in a Chinese tertiary hospital. Participants were randomly allocated to receive either a culturally adapted PFA training (the intervention arm) or psychoeducation (the control arm). Feasibility indicators and selected outcomes were collected.Results: In total, 215 workers who expressed an interest in participating in the trial were screened for eligibility, resulting in 96 eligible participants being randomly allocated to the intervention arm (n = 48) and control arm (n = 48). There was a higher retention rate for the face-to-face PFA training session than for the four online group PFA sessions. Participants rated the PFA training as very helpful (86%), with a satisfaction rate of 74.25%, and 47% reported being able to apply their PFA skills in responding to public health emergencies or providing front-line clinical care. Positive outcome changes were observed in PFA knowledge, skills, attitudes, resilience, self-efficacy, compassion satisfaction, and post-traumatic growth. Their scores on depression, anxiety, stress, and burnout measures all declined. Most of these changes were sustained over 3 months (p < .05). Repeated measures analysis of variance found statistically significant interaction effects on depression (F2,232 = 2.874, p = .046, ηp2 = .031) and burnout (F2,211 = 3.729, p = .018, ηp2 = .037), indicating a greater reduction in symptoms of depression and burnout with PFA compared to psychoeducation training.Conclusion: This culturally adapted PFA training intervention was highly acceptable among Chinese HCWs and was feasible in a front-line care setting. Preliminary findings indicated positive changes for the PFA training intervention on knowledge, skills, attitudes, resilience, self-efficacy, compassion satisfaction, and post-traumatic growth, especially a reduction of depression and burnout. Further modifications are recommended and a fully powered evaluation of PFA training is warranted.

Psychological first aid (PFA) training was culturally adapted and evaluated to help prepare healthcare workers to manage trauma and stress during healthcare emergencies.This culturally adapted PFA training was highly acceptable among Chinese healthcare workers and was feasible in a front-line care setting.Preliminary findings show positive changes for the PFA training intervention on knowledge, skills, attitudes, resilience, self-efficacy, compassion satisfaction, and post-traumatic growth, especially a reduction of depression and burnout.

Segurança dos profissionais de saúde que atuaram na linha de frente da pandemia por covid-19 no Brasil / Safety of health professionals who worked in the front line of the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil / Seguridad de los profesionales de la salud que actuaron en primera línea de la pandemia de COVID-19 en Brasil

RESUMO: Objetivou-se avaliar a segurança dos profissionais de saúde que atuaram no combate à pandemia de covid-19 em 2020 nos serviços de saúde brasileiros. Realizou-se inquérito on line, conduzido entre junho e setembro de 2020, com profissionais de saúde de instituições públicas e privadas brasileiras, com base no questionário Health workers exposure risk assessment and management in the context of COVID-19 virus, da Organização Mundial de Saúde, sendo analisados 2.832 registros. Raça/cor e categoria profissional foram variáveis relacionadas ao aumento de casos de covid-19 dentre os profissionais. Os que se autodeclararam não brancos, técnicos e auxiliares de enfermagem tiveram chance maior de resultado positivo, indicando maior suscetibilidade à infecção relacionada ao nível socioeconômico e/ou categoria profissional e papel desempenhado no cuidado ao paciente. As variáveis estrutura das unidades de saúde, localização, teste e disponibilidade de equipamentos de proteção individual relacionaram-se ao grau de risco de contrair a doença. Ressalta-se a importância da garantia de insumos e equipamentos aos profissionais de saúde, sobretudo em um contexto pandêmico e entre aqueles com baixo nível socioeconômico que atuam na linha de frente. Riscos em situações de emergência e escassez devem ser prospectivamente monitorados, ajustando-se às iniciativas no tocante à segurança do paciente.

ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to evaluate the safety of health professionals who worked in the fight against the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 in Brazilian health services. An online survey was conducted between June and September 2020, with health professionals from Brazilian public and private institutions, based on the Health workers exposure risk assessment and management in the context of COVID-19 virus, from the World Health Organization, and 2,832 records were analyzed. Race/color and professional category were variables related to the increase of covid-19 cases among professionals. Those who self-declared themselves non-white, technical and nursing assistants had a higher chance of positive results, indicating a higher susceptibility to infection related to socioeconomic level and/or professional category and a role played in patient care. The variables structure of the health units, location, test and availability of personal protective equipment were related to the degree of risk of contracting the disease. The importance of ensuring inputs and equipment to health professionals is highlighted, especially in a pandemic context and among those with low socioeconomic level who work on the front line. Risks in emergency and scarcity situations should be prospectively monitored, adjusting to patient safety initiatives.

RESUMEN: El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la seguridad de los profesionales de la salud que actuaron en la lucha contra la pandemia de COVID-19 en 2020 en los servicios de salud brasileños. Entre junio y septiembre de 2020 se realizó una encuesta en línea con profesionales de la salud de instituciones públicas y privadas brasileñas, basada en la evaluación y gestión del riesgo de exposición de los trabajadores de la salud en el contexto del virus COVID-19, de la Organización Mundial de la Salud, y se analizaron 2.832 registros. Raza/color y categoría profesional fueron variables relacionadas con el aumento de casos de COVID-19 entre profesionales. Los que se autodeclararon no blancos, técnicos y auxiliares de enfermería tuvieron una mayor probabilidad de resultados positivos, lo que indica una mayor susceptibilidad a la infección relacionada con el nivel socioeconómico y/o categoría profesional y un papel desempeñado en la atención al paciente. Las variables estructura de las unidades de salud, ubicación, prueba y disponibilidad de equipo de protección personal se relacionaron con el grado de riesgo de contraer la enfermedad. Se destaca la importancia de garantizar insumos y equipos a los profesionales de la salud, especialmente en un contexto pandémico y entre aquellos con bajo nivel socioeconómico que trabajan en primera línea. Los riesgos en situaciones de emergencia y escasez deben ser monitoreados prospectivamente, ajustándose a las iniciativas de seguridad del paciente.

Common mental disorders and risk perception in nursing work at covid-19 hospital units / Trastornos mentales comunes y percepción del riesgo en el trabajo de enfermería en unidades hospitalarias exclusivas para covid-19 / Transtornos mentais comuns e percepção de risco no trabalho de enfermagem em unidades hospitalares covid-19

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the associations between suspected Common Mental Disorders and risk perception in Nursing work at Covid-19 hospital units and to understand the elements intertwined in these relationships, from the workers' perspective. Method: a parallel-convergent mixed-methods study, carried out with 327 Nursing workers from Covid-19 units in seven hospitals from the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The quantitative data were collected through a sociodemographic, work-related and risk perception questionnaire, added to the Self-Reporting Questionnaire and subjected to inferential statistical analysis. The qualitative data were produced through semi-structured interviews and treated in the light of thematic content analysis. Results: in all, 76.4% of the participants reported that their performance during the Covid-19 pandemic considerably or greatly increased the risks in their job. Regarding the risk exposure intensity, the workers consider themselves very exposed to the following risks: Covid-19 infection (51.4%); contaminating their family (45.9%); a family member developing a severe form of Covid-19 (46.5%); suffering psychological harms (47.7%); experiencing sleep (45.9%) or dietary pattern (40.7%) disorders; and isolating themselves from friends and family (48%). All of these variables were associated with suspected Common Mental Disorders. Qualitatively, it was evident that fear was the feeling signaling the intersection between risk perception and mental illness. Conclusion: suspected Common Mental Disorders were associated with the perception of multiple risks, with fear as the main element intertwined in this relationship.

RESUMEN Objetivo: analizar las asociaciones entre sospecha de Trastornos Mentales Comunes y percepción del riesgo en el trabajo de Enfermería en unidades hospitalarias exclusivas para COVID-19 y conocer los elementos entrelazados en estas relaciones, desde la perspectiva de los trabajadores. Método: estudio de métodos mixtos paralelo-convergente, realizado con 327 trabajadores da Enfermería de unidades exclusivas para COVID-19 de siete hospitales del estado de Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Los datos cuantitativos se recolectaron por medio de un cuestionario sociodemográfico, laboral y de percepción de riesgos, además de utilizarse el Self-Reporting Questionnaire, y se los sometió a análisis estadístico inferencial. Los datos cualitativos se produjeron por medio de entrevistas semiestructuradas y se los procesó sobre la base de análisis temático de contenido. Resultados: el 76,4% indicó que desempeñarse en la atención a pacientes con Covid-19 aumentó considerablemente o en demasía los riesgos en el trabajo. Con respecto a la intensidad de exposición a los riesgos, los trabajadores consideran estar muy expuestos a los siguientes riesgos: infección por Covid-19 (51,4%); contaminar a su familia (45,9%); que algún familiar desarrolle la forma grave da Covid-19 (46,5%); padecer perjuicios psicológicos (47,7%); sufrir alteraciones en el sueño (45,9) o en los hábitos alimenticios (40,7); u aislarse de familiares y amigos (48%). Todas estas variables demostraron estar asociadas a la sospecha de Trastornos Mentales Comunes. Cualitativamente, se evidenció que el sentimiento que señalizó la intersección entre percepción de riesgo y padecimiento mental fue el miedo. Conclusión: la sospecha de Trastornos Mentales Comunes se asoció a la percepción de múltiples riesgos, donde el miedo fue el principal elemento entrelazado en esa relación.

RESUMO Objetivo: analisar as associações entre a suspeita de Transtornos Mentais Comuns e a percepção de risco no trabalho da enfermagem em unidades hospitalares Covid-19 e conhecer os elementos imbricados nestas relações, na perspectiva dos trabalhadores. Método: estudo de métodos mistos paralelo-convergente, realizado com 327 trabalhadores da enfermagem de unidades Covid-19 de sete hospitais do estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Os dados quantitativos foram coletados por meio de um questionário sociodemográfico, laboral e de percepção de riscos, somado ao Self-Reporting Questionnaire e submetidos a analise estatística inferencial. Os dados qualitativos foram produzidos por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas e tratados à luz da análise temática de conteúdo. Resultados: 76,4% referiram que a atuação na Covid-19 aumentou consideravelmente ou muito os riscos no seu trabalho. No que tange à intensidade de exposição dos riscos, trabalhadores se consideram muito expostos ao risco de infecção por Covid-19 (51,4%); risco de levar a contaminação para sua família (45,9%); risco de que alguém da família desenvolva a forma grave da Covid-19 (46,5%); risco de sofrer danos psicológicos (47,7%); risco de sofrer alterações do sono (45,9); do padrão alimentar (40,7); e de se isolar de amigos e familiares (48%). Todas estas variáveis se mostraram associadas a suspeita de Transtornos Mentais Comuns. Qualitativamente, evidenciou-se que o medo era o sentimento balizador da intersecção entre a percepção de risco e o adoecimento mental. Conclusão: a suspeita de Transtornos Mentais Comuns associou-se à percepção de múltiplos riscos, sendo que o medo foi o principal elemento imbricado nessa relação.

Software development for the assistance to be provided to workers after accidents involving biological material / Desarrollo de un programa de software para la asistencia provista a los trabajadores después de un accidente con material biológico / Desenvolvimento de software para a assistência ao trabalhador após-acidente com material biológico

ABSTRACT Objective: to develop a prototype web-based software program for managing the assistance to be provided to workers after accidents involving exposure to biological material. Method: a research study on technological production involving the development of web-based software using the Agile Scrum method. It was conceived based on data produced in convergent care research with professionals involved in welcoming and decision-making regarding injured workers. The web-based software prototype underwent evaluation by participant that use the tool and was documented. Results: the web-based software assists in recording diverse information about accidents involving biological material and provides access to information, easing prompt actions and ensuring safety in procedures, which favors decision-making and the assistance provided to the workers. Conclusion: workers' health requires technological and managerial investments, with a focus on qualified welcoming and educational management to prevent accidents.

RESUMEN Objetivo: desarrollar un prototipo de software web para gestionar la asistencia provista a los trabajadores después de un accidente con exposición a material biológico. Método: investigación de producción tecnológica con desarrollo de un programa de software web empleando el método Ágil Scrum. El trabajo fue concebido a partir de datos producidos en una investigación convergente asistencial con profesionales que participan en la recepción y el proceso de toma de decisiones con respecto a los trabajadores accidentados. Además de ser registrado, el prototipo de programa de software web fue sometido a la evaluación de los participantes, que utilizan la herramienta. Resultados: el programa de software web contribuye a registrar diversa información sobre cada accidente con material biológico y proporciona acceso a los datos, aportando agilidad en las derivaciones y seguridad en las acciones, lo que favorece el proceso de toma de decisiones y la asistencia provista a los trabajadores. Conclusión: la salud de los trabajadores requiere inversiones tecnológicas y gerenciales, enfocadas en una recepción de calidad y en una buena gestión educativa para prevenir accidentes.

RESUMO Objetivo: desenvolver um protótipo de web software para o gerenciamento da assistência ao trabalhador após acidente com exposição a material biológico. Método: pesquisa de produção tecnológica com o desenvolvimento de um web software com utilização do método Ágil Scrum. Idealizado a partir de dados produzidos na pesquisa convergente assistencial com profissionais envolvidos no acolhimento e na tomada de decisões frente ao trabalhador acidentado. O protótipo de web software passou pela avaliação dos participantes usuários da ferramenta e foi registrado. Resultados: o web software auxilia no registro de informações sobre o acidente com material biológico e proporciona acesso à informação, trazendo agilidade nos encaminhamentos e segurança nas condutas, o que favorece a tomada de decisão e a assistência ao trabalhador. Conclusão: a saúde do trabalhador requer investimentos tecnológicos e gerenciais, com foco no qualificado acolhimento e gestão educativa para a prevenção dos acidentes.

Vacunación con SOBERANA®02 y SOBERANA®Plus en trabajadores: éxito en el enfrentamiento a la pandemia de COVID-19 / Health intervention with SOBERANA®02 and SOBERANA®Plus vaccines in workers: a successful response in confronting the COVID-19 pandemic

La vacunación es una forma de contribuir a la protección de la población al reducir el riesgo de efectos graves de la enfermedad COVID-19. Para marzo de 2021, en tiempo récord, la industria biotecnológica cubana contaba con cinco candidatos vacunales. Se realizó una intervención sanitaria con un esquema heterólogo: dos dosis de SOBERANA®02 más una dosis de SOBERANA®Plus, en trabajadores durante el período de marzo a junio de 2021, en el Instituto Finlay de Vacunas, en La Habana, Cuba. Se evaluaron los efectos directos e indirectos de la vacunación con SOBERANA®02 y SOBERANA®Plus en una cohorte de riesgo de infección, enfermedad y diseminación de la COVID-19. La cohorte se estableció en marzo de 2021 en trabajadores con alta exposición al coronavirus de tipo 2 causante del síndrome respiratorio agudo severo, en el área de consulta médica de Instituto Finlay de Vacunas, establecida como sitio clínico. Entre el 22 de marzo de 2021 y el 11 de junio de 2021, se inscribieron un total de 1.776 participantes; de ellos, 1.719 cumplieron los criterios de inclusión con un porcentaje de 96,79 por ciento para la primera dosis, 1.675 recibieron la segunda dosis y 1.653 se vacunaron SOBERANA®Plus como tercera dosis para un 97,87por ciento. Mil cuatrocientos cincuenta y siete tenían entre 19 y 59 años, con predominio del sexo femenino. De los participantes, 175 tuvieron acontecimientos adversos y se observaron, predominantemente, una hora después de la administración de cada dosis. La reacción local más referida fue el dolor en el lugar de la inyección. Se registraron pocos acontecimientos adversos no solicitados. No se notificó ningún evento adverso grave o severo asociado a la vacuna. La distribución de casos de COVID-19 fue de 30, 16 y 6 posterior a cada dosis recibida. No se notificaron muertes asociadas a COVID-19. Las vacunas SOBERANA®02 y SOBERANA®Plus tuvieron un buen perfil de seguridad y fueron capaces de reducir la enfermedad grave por COVID-19 y la muerte, ayudando a revertir la situación epidemiológica causada por el coronavirus de tipo 2 causante del síndrome respiratorio agudo severo en Cuba(AU)

Vaccination is a way to help protect people by reducing the risk of serious effects from COVID-19 illness. By March of 2021, in record time, Cuba's biotech industry had five vaccine candidates. A sanitary intervention with a heterologous scheme, two doses of SOBERANA®02 and one dose of SOBERANA®Plus, was carried out in workers during the period of March to June 2021 at Finlay Vaccine Institute, in Havana, Cuba. We evaluated the direct and indirect effects of vaccination with SOBERANA®02 and SOBERANA®Plus, in a cohort at risk of infection, disease and spread of the epidemic COVID-19. The cohort was established in March 2021, among workers with high exposure to SARS-CoV-2, at the area of medical consultation at Finlay Vaccine Institute, established as clinical site. Between March 22, 2021 and June 11, 2021, were enrolled a total of 1,776 participants and, of them, 1,719 met the inclusion criteria with a percentage of 96.79percent for first dose, of which 1,675 received the second dose and 1,653 received SOBERANA®Plus as third dose for 97.87percent. The majority of participants were aged 19-59 years (1,457), being female, the predominant sex. Among the participants, 175 had adverse events, predominantly observed one hour after the administration of each dose. The most common local reaction was injection site pain. Few unsolicited adverse events were recorded. No vaccine-associated severe or serious adverse events were reported. The distribution of COVID-19 case was 30 post first dose, 16 post second dose and 6 post last dose. No deaths associated with COVID-19 were reported. SOBERANA®02 and SOBERANA®Plus vaccines had a good safety profile and were capable of a reduction of severe COVID-19 illness and death helping to reverse the epidemiological situation caused by the SARS-COV-2 in Cuba(AU)

On the path to recovery: traumatic stress research during the COVID-19 pandemic 2021-2023.

This Special Issue of the European Journal of Psychotraumatology (EJPT) presents 51 articles published between 2021 and 2023 and follows the Special Issue on pandemic-related traumatic stress research published in 2021 (O'Donnell, M. L., & Greene, T. [2021]. Understanding the mental health impacts of COVID-19 through a trauma lens. European Journal of Psychotraumatology, 12(1), 1982502). Research on traumatic stress during the pandemic has cast the spotlight on vulnerable populations and groups, notably front-line healthcare workers; people faced with major losses including the deaths of loved ones; those who personally survived debilitating and often life-threatening viral infection; and students who were isolated and experienced profound delays in their education, relationships, and emerging independence. The papers in this collection underscore the associations between COVID-19 related stressors and a plethora of adverse mental health sequelae, including posttraumatic stress reactions, and draw attention to the ubiquity of grief and moral injury and their wide-ranging and detrimental impact. Currently, there is a paucity of evidence on interventions to enhance resources, self-efficacy, and hope for affected groups and individuals through societal, organisational, and healthcare systems; however early research on the prevention of COVID-related traumatic stress disorders provides a basis for both hope and preparedness for the future.

Stressors and traumatic events occurring due to the COVID-19 pandemic are associated with a wide range of mental health problems, including posttraumatic stress reactions, especially among vulnerable groups (e.g., front-line healthcare workers, individuals who faced major losses such as the deaths of loved ones, those who survived debilitating and often life-threatening infection).Loss and moral injury are common and potentially debilitating features of the pandemic.Societal, organisational, and healthcare system interventions to enhance resources, efficacy, and hope for affected groups and individuals are still in the early stages, although preliminary research on the prevention of COVID-related traumatic stress disorders is promising.

Food purchasing and preparation patterns by gender during the COVID-19 lockdown in Chilean workers / Patrones de compra y preparación de alimentos según género durante la cuarentena por COVID-19 en trabajadores chilenos

Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic has increased the demands that workers face regarding household food-related tasks, such as grocery shopping and cooking. The literature shows that there are differences in these demands by gender, but also based on other sociodemographic characteristics, such as schooling level. The aim of this study was to compare food purchasing and preparation patterns by gender in Chilean workers, before the COVID-19 lockdown and during the first six weeks of lockdown. The study was cross-sectional, and data was collected for the first wave of a multi-country study in April 2020. The sample was composed of 317 participants who were employed during lockdown (67.8% women, mean age of 38.14). Participants answered sociodemographic questions and reported their food purchasing and preparing practices before and during lockdown. Analysis of comparison of proportions was used. On average, during lockdown, men increased their involvement in grocery shopping while women cooked more. Overall, female workers have turned to food-related tasks more often during the pandemic than male workers. This study shows the extent to which workers have changed their degree of involvement in food-related tasks, accounting for conditions such as gender roles, schooling level and working from home. These findings can inform interventions and policies that reinforce advantageous changes brought on by lockdown measures (e.g., home-cooking) to contribute to workers' and their families' food-related well-being during and in the aftermath of the pandemic.

Resumen La pandemia por COVID-19 ha aumentado las demandas que enfrentan los trabajadores con respecto a su alimentación, como comprar alimentos y cocinar. Estudios muestran diferencias de género en estas demandas, pero también según características sociodemográficas como el nivel de escolaridad. Este estudio comparó patrones de compra y preparación de alimentos por género en trabajadores chilenos, antes y durante el confinamiento por COVID-19. Este estudio es de corte transversal y utilizó datos de la primera ola de un estudio multinacional realizado en abril de 2020. La muestra fue 317 participantes que tenían trabajo durante el confinamiento (67.8 % mujeres, edad promedio de 38.14). Los participantes respondieron preguntas sociodemográficas y reportaron sus prácticas de compra y preparación de alimentos antes y durante el confinamiento. Se utilizó el análisis de comparación de proporciones. Durante el confinamiento, los hombres realizaron más compras de alimentos y las mujeres cocinaron más. Las mujeres se dedicaron a tareas relacionadas con la alimentación con más frecuencia durante la pandemia que los hombres. Este estudio muestra que personas trabajadoras han cambiado su nivel de involucramiento en tareas de alimentación durante la pandemia, tomando en cuenta condiciones como los roles de género, escolaridad y teletrabajo. Estos hallazgos pueden guiar intervenciones y políticas que refuercen ventajas derivadas de las medidas de confinamiento (e.g., cocinar en casa), para contribuir al bienestar alimentario de personas trabajadoras y sus familias durante y después de la pandemia.

La superación del profesor de Cultura Física que atiende a trabajadores con discapacidad

Fomentar espacios de superación, para los profesores de Cultura Física que laboran en talleres especiales, constituye una condición primordial para apropiarse de conocimientos teórico-prácticos dirigidos a brindar un servicio de calidad, en la atención a los trabajadores con discapacidad. El objetivo del artículo consistió en diagnosticar la superación de los profesores de Cultura Física que dirigen la gimnasia profesional aplicada en trabajadores con discapacidad que asisten a los talleres especiales, en La Habana. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal no experimental que favoreció la identificación de la problemática pedagógica y científica del proceso de estudio, a partir de la aplicación de métodos empíricos como la revisión de documentos, la encuesta, la entrevista y la observación; esto permitió determinar las causas del fenómeno, para su caracterización y pronóstico. La investigación hizo evidente las principales dificultades en la atención a estos trabajadores y la necesidad de una superación especializada para la ampliación y perfeccionamiento de los conocimientos y habilidades de este profesional.

Promover espaços de aperfeiçoamento, para professores de Cultura Física que atuam em oficinas especiais, constitui condição primordial para a apropriação de conhecimentos teórico-práticos voltados à prestação de serviço de qualidade no atendimento ao trabalhador com deficiência. O objetivo do artigo foi diagnosticar o aperfeiçoamento dos professores de Cultura Física que dirigem a ginástica profissional aplicada aos trabalhadores com deficiência que frequentam oficinas especiais em Havana. Foi realizado um estudo descritivo transversal não experimental que favoreceu a identificação dos problemas pedagógicos e científicos do processo de estudo, baseado na aplicação de métodos empíricos como revisão documental, levantamento, entrevista e observação; Isto permitiu determinar as causas do fenômeno, para sua caracterização e prognóstico. A pesquisa evidenciou as principais dificuldades no atendimento a esses trabalhadores e a necessidade de formação especializada para ampliar e aprimorar os conhecimentos e habilidades desse profissional.

Promoting spaces for improvement, for Physical Culture teachers who work in special workshops, constitutes a primary condition for appropriating theoretical-practical knowledge aimed at providing quality service in caring for workers with disabilities. The objective of the article was to diagnose the improvement of Physical Culture teachers who direct professional gymnastics applied to workers with disabilities who attend special workshops in Havana. A non-experimental cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out that favored the identification of the pedagogical and scientific problems of the study process, based on the application of empirical methods such as document review, survey, interview and observation; this allowed to determine the causes of the phenomenon, for its characterization and prognosis. The research made evident the main difficulties in caring for these workers and the need for specialized improvement to expand and improve the knowledge and skills of this professional.

Workplace health promotion programs among health workers: a systematic literature review

Objective: To identify the effect of workplace health promotion activities (WHPA) on the health status of health personnel. Methodology: A systematic literature review was performed. Six computerized databases were used to search for studies on the effect of at least one health promotion activity on the health status of health personnel. Studies were included if they were published in peer-reviewed and indexed journals and were written either in English, Spanish, or Portuguese. Information such as study population, sample size, type of study, outcome, and health promotion activities performed were extracted from each publication. All the included articles were measured in terms of their methodological quality, including the risk of bias. Results: Lower scores on perceived stress, emotional exhaustion, and mood symptoms were reported. An improvement in sleep hours and quality and a reduction in dietary sodium intake were informed. Improvements in participants' dietary habits, weight loss, and body fat percentage, along with increased physical activity and a reduction in pain levels were reported. A reduction in the prevalence of cigarette smoking was found. Conclusions: WHPAs can enhance physical and mental health, and overall well-being, and encouraging healthier behaviors among health personnel. Most of the studies targeting mental health focused their efforts primarily on reducing healthcare workers' perceived stress. WHPAs that addressed both diet and physical activity behaviors were more effective at improving weight outcomes than those that used only one approximation. Overall, this study offers valuable information on the impact of worksite-based health promotion interventions, including the effect of different strategies applied.

Objetivo: Identificar el efecto de las actividades de promoción de la salud en el lugar de trabajo (APST) sobre el estado de salud del personal sanitario. Metodología: Se realizó una revisión sistemática de la literatura. Se utilizaron seis bases de datos computarizadas para buscar estudios sobre el efecto de al menos una actividad de promoción de la salud en el estado de salud del personal sanitario. Se incluyeron los estudios publicados en revistas revisadas por pares e indexadas y escritos en inglés, español o portugués. De cada publicación se extrajo información como la población del estudio, el tamaño de la muestra, el tipo de estudio, el resultado y las actividades de promoción de la salud realizadas. Se analizaron todos los artículos incluidos en términos de su calidad metodológica, teniendo en cuenta el riesgo de sesgo. Resultados: Se registraron puntuaciones menos elevadas en el estrés percibido, agotamiento emocional y alteración del estado de ánimo. Se informó de una mejoría en las horas y la calidad del sueño, y de una reducción de la ingesta de sodio en la dieta. Se registraron mejorías en los hábitos alimentarios de los participantes, pérdida de peso y porcentaje de grasa corporal, así como un aumento de la actividad física y una reducción de los niveles de dolor. Se observó una reducción de la prevalencia del tabaquismo. Conclusiones: Las AMPS pueden mejorar la salud física y mental, así como el bienestar general, y fomentar comportamientos más saludables entre el personal sanitario. La mayoría de los estudios dirigidos a la salud mental centraron sus esfuerzos principalmente en reducir el estrés percibido por el personal sanitario. Las AMPS que abordaron tanto los comportamientos relacionados con la alimentación como con la actividad física fueron más eficaces a la hora de mejorar los resultados en cuanto al peso que las que sólo utilizaron una aproximación. En general, este estudio ofrece información valiosa sobre el impacto de las intervenciones de promoción de la salud en el lugar de trabajo, así como el efecto de las distintas estrategias aplicadas

Objetivo: Identificar o efeito das atividades de promoção da saúde no local de trabalho (APST) sobre o estado de saúde do pessoal sanitário. Metodologia: Realizou-se uma revisão sistemática da literatura. Utilizaram-se seis bases de dados computadorizadas para procurar estudos sobre o efeito de pelo menos uma atividade de promoção da saúde no estado da saúde do pessoal sanitário. Incluíram-se os estudos publicados em revistas revisadas por pares e indexadas e escritos em inglês, espanhol ou português. De cada publicação coletou-se informação como a população do estudo, o tamanho da amostra, o tipo de estudo, o resultado e as atividades de promoção da saúde realizadas. Analisaram-se todos os artigos incluídos em termos de sua qualidade metodológica, levando em consideração o risco de viés. Resultados: Registraram-se números menos elevados no estresse percebido, esgotamento emocional e alteração do estado de ânimo. Foi informada uma melhora nas horas e na qualidade do sono, e uma redução da ingesta de sódio na dieta. Registraram-se melhoras nos mejorías en los hábitos alimentarios de los participantes, pérdida de peso y porcentaje de grasa corporal, así como un aumento de la actividad física y una reducción de los niveles de dolor. Se observó una reducción de la prevalencia del tabaquismo. Conclusiones: Las APST pueden mejorar la salud física y mental, así como el bienestar general, y fomentar comportamientos más saludables entre el personal sanitario. La mayoría de los estudios dirigidos a la salud mental centraron sus esfuerzos principalmente en reducir el estrés percibido por el personal sanitario. Las APST que abordaron tanto los comportamientos relacionados con la alimentación como con la actividad física fueron más eficaces a la hora de mejorar los resultados en cuanto al peso que las que sólo utilizaron una aproximación. En general, este estudio ofrece información valiosa sobre el impacto de las intervenciones de promoción de la salud en el lugar de trabajo, así como el efecto de las distintas estrategias aplicadas.

Enfermedad arterial periférica en población trabajadora: factores de riesgo y estilo de vida

Introducción: La Enfermedad Arterial Periférica (EAP) es definida como la oclusión de las arterias de las extremidades, se reconoce como la tercera causa de morbilidad vascular aterosclerótica, después del infarto agudo de miocardio y el accidente cerebrovascular. Aunque las enfermedades cardiovasculares se han relacionado con la ocupación, la información sobre la relación entre el trabajo con la EAP es escasa. Objetivo: Identificar la prevalencia de EAP en población laboralmente activa y su relación con variables sociodemográficas, clínicas y estilo de vida. Metodología: Se realizó un estudio analítico de tipo transversal, en 203 sujetos de 40 años o más, laboralmente activos de Popayán. Tras la firma del consentimiento, se realizó una entrevista, y se registraron las variables sociodemográficas y clínicas. Para el tamizaje de EAP se evaluó el índice tobillo brazo (ITB). Los participantes se clasificaron en categorías basadas en el ITB de la siguiente manera: EAP ≤ 0,90; 0,91 a 0,99 normal; y no compresible > 1,40. Los datos fueron analizados con el programa SPSS versión 26.0, se aplicó la prueba de Kolmogorov-Smirnov como prueba de normalidad, la t Student para evaluar diferencias de medias entre los grupos de estudio y la prueba de Chi-cuadrado. Resultados y discusión: La prevalencia fue del 2,5 % para EAP, siendo el primer estudio reportado para población trabajadora en Colombia. La EAP fue más prevalente en empleados manuales (2,8 %) e ingresos bajos (30 %); además, fueron obesos y fumadores. El riesgo encontrado para edad fue OR 1,5; IC95 % 1,17 a 2,14, género OR 1,2; IC95 % 1,20 a 3,28 y DM2 OR 1,5; IC95 % 1,23 a 6,68. Conclusión: Se estableció por primera vez la prevalencia de EAP (2,5 %) en una población laboralmente activa de Popayán, siendo más prevalente en los individuos con ingresos bajos, expuestos a factores de riesgo cardiovascular y con antecedente familiar de DM2.

Introduction: The Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) is defined as the occlusion of the extremities' arteries, and it is known to be the third vascular atherosclerotic cause of death after acute myocardial infarction and brain stroke. Even though cardiovascular diseases had been linked to occupation, information about the relation between PAD and labor activity runs short. Objective: To identify the PAD prevalence in the working population and its relationship with sociodemographic, clinical and lifestyle variables. Methodology: A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted in 203 people of >40 years, actively working in the city of Popayán. After consent signing, interviews were completed to record such variables. PAD testing was evaluated through Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI). Participants were grouped into categories based on ABI as follows: PAD ≤0.90; normal 0.91 to 0.99; and non-compressible >1.40. Collected data was analyzed in SPSS version 26.0, applying Kolmogorov-Smirnov test as the normal; t Student test to evaluate mean differences between study groups and Chi-square. Results and discussion: PAD prevalence was 2.5 % being the very first report done for Colombia's working class. PAD was prevalent for manual-labor employees (2.8 %), low-income people (30 %), adding obesity and smoking to their profile. Age risk found was (OR 1.5; IC 95 % 1.17 to 2.14), by gender (OR 1.2; IC 95 % 1.20 to 3.28); DM2 (OR 1.5; IC 95 % 1.23 to 6.68). Conclusion: It was determined for the first time a prevalence of (2.5 °%) PAD for a population actively working in Popayán, being more frequent with individuals with low income, people exposed to higher cardiovascular risks, and for people with family DM2 records.