[Patients' situational anxiety across stages and types of orthodontic treatment]. / Situativnaya trevozhnost' na ortodonticheskom prieme v zavisimosti ot sposoba i etapa lecheniya.

OBJECTIVE: The aim the studi. The study levels of situational anxiety of orthodontic patients depending on type and stage of treatment. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Altogether, 162 consequent patients aged 14-25 years with various dental anomalies filled out a questionnaire with Spielberger test (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory). The questionnaires were administered to at different stages of treatment at the Arkhangelsk Children's Dental Polyclinic and the private dental clinic "Niks Trading". Bivariate associations were studied using one-way analysis of variance. Independent associations between the level of situational anxiety and type and stage of treatment was assessed using multivariable linear regression analysis adjusted for the level of personal anxiety, gender and age of the patient. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: The mean score on situational anxiety was 42.4 (95% CI: 41.2-43.6) points corresponding to the average level. Only 4.3% (n=7) of the patients scored low on situational anxiety, while 34% (n=55) scored high on situations anxiety. The average score on personal anxiety was 43.5 (95% CI: 42.2-44.8). The corresponding proportions for low and high levels of personal anxiety were 6.2% (n=10) and 39.5% (n=64). Adolescents had higher scores on situational anxiety (p=0.048), and patients aged 21-25 years have a higher level of personal anxiety (p=0.004). No associations between situational anxiety and either stage or type of treatment were observed in multivariable analysis. The level of situational anxiety was significantly associated with the level of personal anxiety (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: More than a half of the patient had average level of situational anxiety during orthodontic treatment. Due to the higher situational anxiety in the group of adolescents, it is necessary to treat such patients more carefully. Orthodontic treatment with the use of braces or removable devices is not associated with increased situational anxiety.

[Influence of biofeedback training on beta rhythm of the brain on the level of anxiety and endogenous time estimation of athletes]. / Vliyanie BOS-treninga po beta-ritmu golovnogo mozga na uroven' trevozhnosti i endogennuyu otsenku vremeni sportsmenami.

The optimal psychophysiological state reflects a high level of adaptation, physical and psychological fitness of athletes for the effective implementation of sports and training activity. The biofeedback technology, based on the principles of biofeedback, allows one to master the skills of regulating the psychophysiological state according to the selected parameters for controlling the physiological function of the body. There is insufficient data on application of neurofeedback of the beta rhythm for regulation of the psychophysiological state in conditions of complex sports activity. OBJECTIVE: To examine the effect of biofeedback training on the beta rhythm of the brain on the level of anxiety and the endogenous time estimation of athletes, depending on the nature of motor activity. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 1020 young men aged 18-21 years old were studied. The biofeedback training on the beta rhythm of the brain was carried out with active wakefulness and open eyes, with a bipolar installation of electrodes in the Fz-Cz lead and a free electrode on the earlobe. The level of anxiety of athletes was identified with the Ch. Spielberger questionnaire [1]. The endogenous time estimation was carried out according to the «Individual minute¼ test (according to F. Halberg) [2]. RESULTS: The biofeedback training contributed to multidirectional changes in the studied psychophysiological indicators, depending on the nature of the motor activity of athletes. After the training, in the group of cyclic sports athletes, there was a decrease in anxiety, remaining in the range of values of a high level, which may reflect the processes of fatigue or under-recovery. Representatives of speed-strength sports had a decrease in anxiety with varying values in the range of a moderate level, which reflects the achievement of a generally comfortable psychophysiological state. In the group of athletes of single combat sports, accelerated perception of time was noted, accompanied by anxiety, fussiness, decreased attention span and increased stress. Athletes of team sports had a unidirectional tendency of increasing anxiety with a variation of values in the range of moderate stress levels, which may be associated with an adaptive transition to a new level of the body functioning after the training. CONCLUSION: The use of the biofeedback training on the beta rhythm of the brain in the practice of sports and rehabilitation medicine requires a thorough and detailed study of its effect on various parameters of the psychophysiological state of athletes. The development of methods for the differential application of the method, taking into account the polymetric characteristics of the initial state, type of sports activity and other factors, calls for special attention.

Comprehensive analysis of the 5-HTTLPR allelic polymorphism effect on behavioral and neurophysiological indicators of executive control in people from different ethnic groups in Siberia.

The allelic polymorphism of the serotonin transporter's gene 5-HTTLPR is considered as one of the factors determining an individual genetic predisposition to the development of a wide range of affective disorders, including depression. Many studies have shown that the climatic and social conditions of people's life can have a significant impact on the connections of 5-HTTLPR with the risk of depression. The stop-signal paradigm (SSP) is an experimental method allowing evaluating an individual ability to the self-control of behavior in a changing environment. In the SSP experiment, a subject should either press one of several buttons quickly after the appearance of the target stimuli or suppress the already started movement if an inhibitory signal follows the target stimulus. The aim of this study is a research of associations between the allelic the 5-HTTLPR polymorphism and the individual scores of the personal anxiety level, as well as the behavioral and neurophysiological indicators of the ability to self-control over motor reactions in the SSP. The study was conducted among people from three ethno-regional groups: healthy Caucasoids from Novosibirsk, the Mongoloid groups of the indigenous population of the Tuva Republic and Sakha Republic (Yakutia). Genetic, ethnographic, and psychological influences on an individual's ability to control motor responses were compared. The amplitude of the premotor peak of the evoked brain potential was used as a neurophysiological marker of the person's readiness to the execution of target-directed activity. It was revealed that the frequency of the S-allele polymorphism 5-HTTLPR was significantly higher for both mongoloid groups compared to the Caucasoids. The S/S genotype was associated with an increased level of personal anxiety and at the same time with a better ability to the self-control of behavior in the SSP experiment. Anxiety level, participants' sex, ethnicity, and allelic polymorphism 5-HTTLPR had a statistically significant effect on the amplitude of the premotor readiness potential recorded under the SSP conditions in the frontal and parietal-occipital cortical regions. Our data support the hypothesis that the S/S genotype of the 5-HTTLPR polymorphism may be associated with more success in adapting to the climatic conditions connected with high life risk in comparison to L/L and L/S genotypes.

[Study of the psycho-emotional disorders' severity in patients with osteoporotic vertebral fractures and factors affecting them]. / Issledovanie vyrazhennosti psikhoemotsional'nykh narushenii u patsientov s osteoporoznymi perelomami pozvonkov i vliyayushchikh na nikh faktorov.

There are convincing data on the association of psycho-emotional disorders with the degree of bone mineral density (BMD) loss and the risk of fractures on the basis of osteoporosis (OP) but the nature of the causal relationship has not yet been clearly established. The study of this issue is important to substantiate the need and nature of psychological correction within the framework of comprehensive rehabilitation programs in patients with osteoporotic fractures. OBJECTIVE: Study of the severity of symptoms of depression and anxiety in patients who have suffered compression fractures of the vertebrae (VF) of osteoporotic genesis who entered the II stage of medical rehabilitation, as well as the contribution to the development of psycho-emotional age disorders, the severity of OP, pain syndrome and the use of orthotics. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study sample consisted of 120 women 50 to 80 years old with an established diagnosis of OP based on the results of bone densitometry. The main group included 60 patients with OP complicated by at least one VF. The control group included 60 patients with OP without a history of osteoporotic fractures comparable in age, body mass index and BMD in the spine with the main group. The complex of examination included the collection of complaints, anamnesis of OP, previous fractures, assessment of pain syndrome according to VAS, BMD study and verification of VF by X-ray methods. To assess the level of depression (DL) we used the Tsung depression scale modified by T.I. Balashova, situational (SA) and personal anxiety (PA) - Spielberger-Khanin questionnaire. RESULTS: In the main group in comparison with the control group the proportion of patients without symptoms of depression was lower (66.7 and 88.3%, respectively; p=0.042), as well as the frequency of detection of high degree of SA was higher (85.0 and 73.4%, respectively; p=0.039). In patients with VF it was higher than in the control, DL - 46.0 [42.0; 54.5] (27-70) and 43.0 [38.0; 47.5] (25-65) points, respectively (p=0.0009), as well as the SA degree - 61.5 [54.0; 71.0] (20-75) and 52.5 [43.5; 64.0] (20-68) points, respectively (p=0.0006). Statistically significant direct correlation dependences of DL on age (r=0.317; p=0.00042), the duration of the postmenopausal period (r=0.325; p=0.0003), the number of VFs (g= -0.245; p=0.00013) were established. Moreover, the intensity of pain syndrome (g= -0.234; p=0.00034), as well as feedbacks of this indicator with BMD in the spine (r= -0.342; p=0.00017) and the duration of the use of thoracolumbar orthoses (r = -0.504; p = 0.00016). There were direct dependence of the SA degree on age (r=0.281; p=0.0019) and the intensity of pain syndrome (g=0.258; p=0.0044). Negative correlation of SA with body weight (r= -0.183; p=0.045), BMD in the spine (r= -0.207; p=0.026), duration of orthosis application (r= -0.327; p=0.0095) and the amount of VF in the lumbar spine (g= -0.214; p=0.044) were detected. There was a significant correlation between the degree of PA and BMD in the lumbar vertebrae (r= -0.18; p=0.046) and the intensity of pain syndrome (g=0.137; p=0.039). CONCLUSION: The results obtained indicate the need for psychological correction in the framework of the complex rehabilitation of women who underwent VF based on OP due to increased DL and SA especially in older age groups.

[Psychosocial risk factors for cardiovascular disease: gender differences and 22-year dynamics among the population of Siberia (WHO MONICA-Psychosocial Program, HAPIEE)].

AIM: To determine the gender differentiation and dynamics for 22 years of psychosocial factors (PSF) of the risk of cardiovascular disease among the population aged 25-64 years in Russia / Siberia (Novosibirsk). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Representative samples of the population of the city of Novosibirsk under the program of the World Health Organization "MONICA-MOPSY" in 1994-1995 were examined. III screening (men - 657, women - 870, 25-64 years old); IV screening project HAPIEE in 2003-2005 (men - 576, women - 1074, 45-64 years old) and V screening in 2013-2016. (men - 427, women - 548, 25-44 years old). We used Spielberger tests, MONICA-MOPSY tests, the Breckman - Sim test, the "Knowledge and attitude to your health" questionnaire. RESULTS: In an open population of 25-64 years old, high levels of anxiety (T), depression (D), life exhaustion (LM), and hostility (B) were higher in women than in men. In the group of 55-64 years over 10 years, women have increased personality T, decreased D and LM. Over 22 years, in the group of 25-34 years, men and women decreased T and MI, but D and B increased, while women decreased T, LM and B and D. grew. Low and high close contact indices were higher among men. A low index of social ties prevailed in men, and a high index in women. High levels of stress in the family were more common in women, and at work - in men. For 10 years, the level of stress in the family and at work in men has decreased. Sleep disorders in the population in all age groups were more often in women. CONCLUSION: It was found that women have significantly higher PSF than men, with the exception of stress at work. The decrease in PSF in women and men in the dynamics.

[Enamel resistance of the permanent teeth in children with various emotional state]. / Rezistentnost' émali postoiannykh zubov u detei s raznym psikhoémotsional'nym sostoianiem.

The aim of the study was to estimate the permanent teeth enamel resistance of 7, 12 and 15-year-old children with different emotional state. Among children with caries-resistant and caries-susceptible enamel the low level of situational anxiety was registered in 49.34±2.13% and 31.52±2.45% of cases, correspondently (p<0.05), while the number of children with high situational anxiety was almost five times more in the group of caries-susceptible enamel than in children with caries-resistant and conditionally resistant enamel (p<0.001). Moderate anxiety level was revealed in 49.32±1.45% of children with caries resistant enamel which is significantly less than in the group of children with caries-susceptible enamel (p<0.05). Low level of personal anxiety in children with caries-susceptible enamel was three times less comparing with caries-resistant children (p<0.05). The study revealed correlation of anxiety level and caries resistance in children which underlines the need for further studies on anxiety impact on dental caries development and prevention programs choice.