Use of a mandibular torus for autogenous grafting: a case report.

Conventional treatment for the management of 2- to 3-walled intrabony defects is the use of allograft or alloplasts. Autogenous grafts are the gold standard because of their osteogenic potential. Mandibular tori are an ideal site for harvesting bone because their excision causes no structural, esthetic, or functional compromise to the patient. This case report describes the use of an autogenous graft obtained from a mandibular torus. The graft was utilized, in particulate form, to fill an intrabony defect at the mandibular right central incisor. The mandibular torus provided sufficient graft material and eliminated the need for a second surgical site. A follow-up at 1 year revealed reduction in clinical attachment loss and complete resolution of tooth mobility.

Een jongen met een rode, gezwollen wang.

A 7-year-old boy was referred to the paediatric clinic with a swollen cheek since one day. Intraoral examination revealed erythematous and swollen gingivae in the right upper quadrant. The consulted maxillofacial surgeon diagnosed him with a canine fossa abscess. The patient recovered quickly after incision and drainage, followed by antibiotic therapy.

Difficult Cases of Odontogenic Deep Neck Infections: A Report of Three Patients.

BACKGROUND: Deep neck infections are important otolaryngologic emergencies due to serious complications and the risk of airway compromise, which can lead to mortality. Although the most common causes among pediatric patients are tonsillitis and pharyngeal infections, odontogenic infections are an important cause in adults. CASE REPORT: We present three patients with multiple deep neck space abscess formation due to odontogenic infection. Two of them required tracheotomy due to airway compromise, and one had mediastinitis. CONCLUSION: An underestimated tooth infection can cause hazardous complications such as mediastinitis and respiratory distress requiring tracheotomy.

A two-stage surgical approach to the treatment of severe peri-implant defect: a 30-month clinical follow-up report.

With the advance of dental implant technology and the consequential increase in its success rate, the implant has become a highly predictable treatment method. Despite this, related complications are on the rise, with peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis being the most commonly observed. As in the case of conventional periodontitis, many patients experience peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis. In this case presentation, extensive bone loss occurred around the implant due to peri-implantitis, and the infection was first treated by applying chlorhexidine-soaked gauze and topical antibiotics. Then the guided bone regeneration procedure was performed using a bovine bone material and a collagen membrane, which resulted in the recovery of the lesion. With follow-ups of the healing process for 30 months, a successful outcome was observed that is reported herein.

Intracranial and internal jugular vein thrombosis secondary to ENT infections: a report of 3 cases.

We report 3 cases of rare, life-threatening intracranial and internal jugular vein (IJV) thrombosis that were caused by common ENT infections. These infections included otitis media in a 6-year-old girl, tonsillitis in a 21-year-old woman, and odontogenic sepsis in a 56-year-old woman. All 3 patients were treated with culture-directed systemic antibiotics; 2 of them also required surgical drainage (the child and the older adult). The 2 adults also received therapeutic anticoagulation, which was continued until venous recanalization was documented; the duration of combined antibiotic and anticoagulation treatment was 6 weeks. All 3 patients made uneventful recoveries. Significant morbidities associated with intracranial and IJV thrombosis were avoided as a result of prompt diagnosis and judicious treatment.

Autotransplantation combined with orthodontic treatment to restore an adult's posttraumatic dentition.

This case report describes the successful treatment of an adult with a skeletal Class II Division 2 posttraumatic dentition with consequential restorations. The extracted maxillary premolar was autotransplanted to replace the hopeless mandibular first molar. The endodontically treated maxillary right canine was extracted instead of the premolar. A multidisciplinary approach including autotransplantation and orthodontic treatment provided a satisfactory outcome.

Exophthalmos due to odontogenic intraorbital abscess in Cebus apella.

BACKGROUND: The accumulation of pus in the orbit originating from an infected dental root is classified as odontogenic intraorbital abscess. METHODS: Clinical, laboratory, and image evaluation of a non-human primate was performed. RESULTS: The patient was cured after surgical therapy. CONCLUSIONS: This represents the first report of an odontogenic periodontal abscess in Cebus apella.

Implant placement and immediate loading with fixed restorations in augmented sockets. Five-year results. A case report.

In this report, a case is presented in which a patient received eight implants 10 months after tooth extraction and socket preservation. The implants were placed in both arches (maxilla = 4, mandible = 4) and immediately loaded using fixed partial restorations; they remained functional over 5 years. No changes in bleeding on probing or plaque index were observed; however, a 1.5-mm probing attachment level loss was observed during the first 3 years (mean: 0.25 mm/year) with no subsequent changes.

Protocol for immediate implant replacement of infected teeth.

Extraction and immediate implant placement has become routine procedure due to reduced treatment time and the preservation of anatomical structures. However, in many cases, this technique involves teeth with different degrees of tissue compromise due to underlying infections. Until now, the degree of implant compromise has not been described, nor has a clinical management protocol been established for these cases. The aim of this article is to report the clinical results of a protocol used for immediate implant placement and provisionalization in infected extraction sockets. A classification of the implant surface compromise (in contact with previously infected tissue) is also described to facilitate the comparative analysis. It is possible to maintain the benefits of immediate implant placement and provisionalization in infected sites by applying a clinical protocol that considers antibiotic therapy, a thorough curettage of the infected tissue, antisepsis, and sufficient primary implant stability.

Gingival abscess removal using a soft-tissue laser.

A case of acute inflammatory enlargement of gingival tissue in the form of a gingival abscess is presented in this paper. Its clinical features and histopathologic presentation are described. The etiology of this condition could be a variety of sources such as microbial plaque infection, trauma, and foreign body impaction. In this case, treatment included complete excision by the means of a 810-nm soft-tissue diode laser, which resulted in resolution of the abscess and clinical wound healing within approximately 2 to 3 weeks. Prognosis was excellent due to early diagnosis and immediate treatment.

Descending necrotizing mediastinitis of odontogenic origin--personal experience and literature review.

UNLABELLED: Descending necrotizing mediastinitis is the most severe form of mediastinal infection. The aim of the study was to present the optimal diagnostic and treatment approach to this severe, life-threatening condition. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Three patients (men, aged 75, 73, and 63) with descending necrotizing mediastinitis hospitalised between April 2007 and February 2009 have been included in the study. The diagnosis of the condition was made based on cervico-thoracic computed tomography and surgical findings. The surgical treatment in each of the cases included bilateral longitudinal cervicotomy, transversal suprasternal cervicotomy and posterior-lateral thoracotomy. RESULTS: The period between the initiation of ambulatory treatment of the dental infection and diagnosing the mediastinitis was 9, 8 and 11 days, respectively. Engagement of all cervical spaces and mediastinal sections with polybacterial (three or more agents) dental infection, originating from third and fourth lower molars was present in each of the patients. Chronic alcoholism and diabetes are factors influencing the course of mediastinitis. The outcome in all the three patients was lethal (within 72 hours). CONCLUSION: Success in the treatment of descending necrotic mediastinitis of odontogenic origin may be expected only in case of early diagnose and aggressive cervical and mediastinal drainage, performed by bilateral longitudinal cervicotomy and posterior-lateral thoracotomy.

Phlegmon of the face and neck: a case report.

Deep face and neck infections are potentially life threatening if they are not diagnosed in time and then treated quickly. This report describes a case of face and deep neck infection, associated with a semi-impacted and decayed wisdom tooth in a cardiopathic, immunosuppressed patient suffering from, diabetes, hypothyroidism, osteoporosis, breathlessness, chronic bronchitis, with oral, cutaneous and vaginal erythematous lichen, Cushing's Syndrome, penicillin allergy, subjected to past hypophysectomy. The swelling was, first of all, treated in urgency, with an intravenous antibiotic therapy and, immediately afterwards, the phlegmonous infiltration linked to the avulsion of the lower third molar was surgically drained. The patient was then treated with intravenous multiple antibiotics, with the aim of eradicating the predominating bacteria that was encountered in the microbiological culture test. A complete remission of the pathological picture was obtained .

Clinical and microbiological efficacy of moxifloxacin versus amoxicillin/clavulanic acid in severe odontogenic abscesses: a pilot study.

The aim of this study targeted the evaluation of the in vivo effect of moxifloxacin in the treatment of patients with severe odontogenic abscesses. This was a prospective, two-armed, randomised, unblinded, monocentric pilot study, which enrolled 21 hospitalized patients with severe odontogenic abscesses. After extraoral incision, patients were either treated with moxifloxacin 400 mg i.v. once daily or amoxicillin/clavulanic acid 2.2 g i.v. three times daily. Primary clinical endpoint was the time until clinical remission, represented by simultaneous assertion of the following criteria: body temperature <38.5 degrees C, no pain at palpation, and mouth opening similar or better than preoperatively. White blood cell count, C-reactive protein, pain, health related quality of life (HR-QoL) and length of hospital stay were recorded as secondary outcome criteria. The mean duration until reaching the primary end point was 6.6 (range, 4.3-8.8) days in the moxifloxacin group and 6.0 (range, 3.8-8.2) days in the amoxicillin/clavulanic acid group. Median days of in-house treatment ranged between five and six days for both groups. HR-QoL was highly impaired in both groups preoperatively and reached near normal on days three and four in both samples. In this pilot investigation, moxifloxacin showed promising results as compared to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid. Therefore, a larger prospective clinical trial using moxifloxacin in severe odontogenic abscesses appears encouraging. We suggest a combination of body temperature, palpatory pain, and subjective pain as a parameter for successful intervention; however, both findings need prospective validation by means of a phase III evaluation.