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1.
Folia Neuropathol ; 60(2): 257-260, 2022.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35950478

RESUMO

Aphasia is a common consequence of stroke and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) may be a promising brain stimulation technique in the treatment of aphasia. However, there are few reports about the therapeutic effect of rTMS for Broca's area in patients with sensory aphasia. This study reported one stroke patient with sensory aphasia who received 6 treatment sessions of low-frequency rTMS before speech and language therapy. The target area was the Broca mirror area in the right hemisphere. After treatment, the auditory comprehension of the patient improved from 46 to 112, the naming improved from 18 to 32, and the AQ improved from 34.2 to 42.6. However, the level of functional language, spontaneous speech and repetition did not show obvious improvement.


Assuntos
Afasia , Acidente Vascular Cerebral , Afasia/etiologia , Afasia/terapia , Afasia de Wernicke/complicações , Área de Broca , Compreensão , Humanos , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/complicações , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/terapia , Estimulação Magnética Transcraniana/métodos
2.
Psychogeriatrics ; 20(1): 118-123, 2020 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30997705

RESUMO

Differentiating posterior cortical atrophy (PCA) from other diseases can be difficult and time-consuming, and there is a particularly high possibility of misdiagnosis when psychiatrists diagnose complaints related to visual perception. Here, a case of PCA involving prominent visual perceptual disorders is reported; PCA was difficult to distinguish from psychogenic disturbance of vision in this case. For a year, a 59-year-old woman had had visual perceptual disorders, including a distorted view and prosopagnosia. She underwent examinations at multiple clinical departments at several medical institutions before receiving a definitive diagnosis of PCA. This PCA diagnosis was based on clinical symptoms, including Gerstmann syndrome, Bálint's syndrome, and transcortical sensory aphasia, and hypoperfusion in the occipital lobe observed on single-photon emission computed tomography. This case was initially misdiagnosed as a psychogenic disease partly because characteristic clinical manifestations of PCA include visual agnosia with a disjunctive component. This patient displayed a disordered perception of stationary objects but an intact perception of moving objects. For example, she had to grope her way through a room at home, but she could visit a familiar hair salon on foot without hindrance. Behaviours like claiming to be blind while inexplicably moving without colliding with surrounding objects may lead to the misdiagnosis of PCA as a psychogenic or dissociative disorder involving histrionic or neurologically irrational symptoms with an expectation of sympathy or personal gain. It is critical to make every effort to exclude organic diseases, even in cases provisionally diagnosed as psychogenic disease. Despite its low prevalence, PCA should be considered a syndrome caused by Alzheimer's disease, dementia with Lewy bodies, or other dementias.


Assuntos
Agnosia/complicações , Afasia de Wernicke/complicações , Transtornos da Percepção/diagnóstico , Atrofia/diagnóstico por imagem , Atrofia/patologia , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Lobo Occipital/diagnóstico por imagem , Lobo Occipital/patologia , Tomografia Computadorizada de Emissão de Fóton Único
3.
Neuropathology ; 37(2): 150-173, 2017 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28093855

RESUMO

The International Working Group (IWG) has classified Alzheimer's disease (AD) as two different types, the typical form and the atypical form, but clinicopathological studies of atypical AD are limited. Because atypical AD cases usually present with early-onset dementia, we investigated 12 patients with early-onset AD, including two patients with typical AD and 10 patients with atypical AD. Of these patients, six had the posterior variant, three had the frontal variant and one had the logopenic variant mixed with semantic dementia. We reported MRI, single-photon emission CT and neuropathological findings in six representative cases. We also described a "left temporal variant" of AD presenting with transcortical cortical sensory aphasia, which has not been reported previously and is another subtype of the posterior variant of AD. We found a significant correlation between regional cerebral blood flow and counts of NFTs in the cerebral cortices. An atypical presentation with focal neuropsychological symptoms roughly correlated with the density of NFTs in the cerebral cortex and more directly related to spongiform changes in the superficial layers of these areas. In contrast, the distribution of amyloid depositions was diffuse and did not necessarily correlate with focal neuropsychological symptoms. Braak staging or ABC score is not necessarily appropriate to evaluate atypical AD, and instead, spongiform changes in addition to tau pathology in the association cortices better explain the diversity of atypical AD. Interestingly, another patient with a posterior variant of AD had a novel type of atypical plaque, which we referred to as "lucent plaque". They were recognizable with HE staining in the circumference and dystrophic neurites were abundant with Gallyas-Braak staining. These plaques demonstrated intense immunoreactivity to both tau AT-8 and amyloid ß (Aß), suggesting a peculiar coexistence pattern of amyloid and tau in these plaques. Clinicopathological studies of atypical AD will provide a new understanding of the pathophysiology of AD.


Assuntos
Doença de Alzheimer/patologia , Encéfalo/patologia , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Doença de Alzheimer/classificação , Doença de Alzheimer/complicações , Doença de Alzheimer/diagnóstico por imagem , Afasia de Wernicke/complicações , Atrofia/complicações , Encéfalo/irrigação sanguínea , Encéfalo/diagnóstico por imagem , Feminino , Síndrome de Gerstmann/complicações , Síndrome de Gerstmann/diagnóstico por imagem , Síndrome de Gerstmann/patologia , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Emaranhados Neurofibrilares/patologia , Neuroimagem , Placa Amiloide/complicações
4.
J Commun Disord ; 61: 106-118, 2016.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27135368

RESUMO

This study examined patterns of acquired dyslexia in Serbian aphasic speakers, comparing profiles of groups with Broca's versus Wernicke's aphasia. The study also looked at the relationship of reading and auditory comprehension and between reading comprehension and reading aloud in these groups. Participants were 20 people with Broca's and 20 with Wernicke's aphasia. They were asked to read aloud and to understand written material from the Serbian adaptation of the Boston Diagnostic Aphasia Examination. A Serbian Word Reading Aloud Test was also used. The people with Broca's aphasia achieved better results in reading aloud and in reading comprehension than those with Wernicke's aphasia. Those with Wernicke's aphasia showed significantly more semantic errors than those with Broca's aphasia who had significantly more morphological and phonological errors. From the data we inferred that lesion sites accorded with previous work on networks associated with Broca's and Wernicke's aphasia and with a posterior-anterior axis for reading processes centred on (left) parietal-temporal-frontal lobes.


Assuntos
Afasia de Broca/complicações , Afasia de Wernicke/complicações , Dislexia Adquirida/etiologia , Compreensão/fisiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Testes Neuropsicológicos/estatística & dados numéricos , Leitura , Sérvia
5.
Behav Neurol ; 26(1-2): 89-93, 2013.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22713376

RESUMO

Primary progressive aphasia (PPA) corresponds to the gradual degeneration of language which can occur as nonfluent/agrammatic PPA, semantic variant PPA or logopenic variant PPA. We describe the clinical evolution of a patient with PPA presenting jargon aphasia as a late feature. At the onset of the disease (ten years ago) the patient showed anomia and executive deficits, followed later on by phonemic paraphasias and neologisms, deficits in verbal short-term memory, naming, verbal and semantic fluency. At recent follow-up the patient developed an unintelligible jargon with both semantic and neologistic errors, as well as with severe deficit of comprehension which precluded any further neuropsychological assessment. Compared to healthy controls, FDG-PET showed a hypometabolism in the left angular and middle temporal gyri, precuneus, caudate, posterior cingulate, middle frontal gyrus, and bilaterally in the superior temporal and inferior frontal gyri. The clinical and neuroimaging profile seems to support the hypothesis that the patient developed a late feature of logopenic variant PPA characterized by jargonaphasia and associated with superior temporal and parietal dysfunction.


Assuntos
Afasia Primária Progressiva/psicologia , Afasia de Wernicke/psicologia , Progressão da Doença , Neuroimagem Funcional/psicologia , Idoso , Afasia Primária Progressiva/complicações , Afasia Primária Progressiva/diagnóstico por imagem , Afasia de Wernicke/complicações , Afasia de Wernicke/diagnóstico por imagem , Afasia de Wernicke/fisiopatologia , Encéfalo/diagnóstico por imagem , Encéfalo/fisiopatologia , Feminino , Fluordesoxiglucose F18 , Neuroimagem Funcional/métodos , Humanos , Testes de Linguagem/estatística & dados numéricos , Testes Neuropsicológicos/estatística & dados numéricos , Tomografia por Emissão de Pósitrons/métodos , Tomografia por Emissão de Pósitrons/psicologia
6.
J Neurol Sci ; 277(1-2): 155-9, 2009 Feb 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19033077

RESUMO

The terms 'jargon aphasia' and 'jargon agraphia' describe the production of incomprehensible language containing frequent phonological, semantic or neologistic errors in speech and writing, respectively. Here we describe two patients with primary progressive aphasia (PPA) who produced neologistic jargon either in speech or writing. We suggest that involvement of the posterior superior temporal-inferior parietal region may lead to a disconnection between stored lexical representations and language output pathways leading to aberrant activation of phonemes in neologistic jargon. Parietal lobe involvement is relatively unusual in PPA, perhaps accounting for the comparative rarity of jargon early in the course of these diseases.


Assuntos
Agrafia/patologia , Afasia Primária Progressiva/patologia , Afasia de Wernicke/patologia , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Idoso , Agrafia/complicações , Afasia Primária Progressiva/complicações , Afasia de Wernicke/complicações , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Lobo Parietal/patologia , Lobo Temporal/patologia
8.
Epilepsy Behav ; 5(5): 792-6, 2004 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15380138

RESUMO

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) is a rare prion disease characterized by a spongiform encephalopathy in humans. Although the characteristic triad of myoclonus, dementia, and periodic EEG activity is easy to recognize, unusual manifestations of the disease may be challenging and create a diagnostic dilemma. We report a case of CJD that occurred in a 26-year-old patient who presented with a receptive (Wernicke's) aphasia secondary to nonconvulsive status epilepticus.


Assuntos
Síndrome de Creutzfeldt-Jakob/complicações , Estado Epiléptico/etiologia , Adulto , Afasia de Wernicke/complicações , Afasia de Wernicke/psicologia , Encéfalo/patologia , Síndrome de Creutzfeldt-Jakob/diagnóstico , Síndrome de Creutzfeldt-Jakob/patologia , Eletroencefalografia , Evolução Fatal , Lobo Frontal/patologia , Humanos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Masculino , Estado Epiléptico/diagnóstico , Estado Epiléptico/patologia
9.
Acta Otolaryngol ; 124(2): 202-5, 2004 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15072425

RESUMO

Generally, cortical deafness is not complicated by anarthria and cortical anarthria does not affect auditory perception. We report a case of simultaneous progressive cortical deafness and anarthria. At the age of 70 years, the patient, a woman, noticed hearing problems when using the telephone, which worsened rapidly over the next 2 years. She was then referred to our hospital for further examinations of her hearing problems. Auditory tests revealed threshold elevation in the low and middle frequencies on pure-tone audiometry, a maximum speech discrimination of 25% and normal otoacoustic emissions and auditory brainstem, middle- and long-latency responses. An articulation test revealed abnormal pronunciation. Because of these problems only written and not verbal communication was possible; her ability to read and write was unimpaired. She showed no other neurological problems. Brain MRI demonstrated atrophic changes of the auditory cortex and Wernicke's language center and PET suggested low uptake of (18F) 2-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose around the Sylvian fissures in both hemispheres. Neurologically, the patient was suspected of having progressive aphasia or frontotemporal dementia. Her cortical deafness and anarthria are believed to be early signs of this entity.


Assuntos
Afasia Primária Progressiva/diagnóstico , Transtornos da Articulação/etiologia , Córtex Auditivo/patologia , Surdez/complicações , Surdez/fisiopatologia , Idoso , Afasia Primária Progressiva/complicações , Afasia de Wernicke/complicações , Transtornos da Articulação/diagnóstico por imagem , Transtornos da Articulação/patologia , Audiometria de Resposta Evocada , Audiometria de Tons Puros , Córtex Auditivo/diagnóstico por imagem , Percepção Auditiva , Transtornos da Percepção Auditiva/complicações , Transtornos da Percepção Auditiva/diagnóstico , Limiar Auditivo , Demência/complicações , Potenciais Evocados Auditivos do Tronco Encefálico , Feminino , Humanos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Emissões Otoacústicas Espontâneas , Espectrografia do Som , Testes de Discriminação da Fala , Tomografia Computadorizada de Emissão
10.
Neurocase ; 9(3): 232-8, 2003 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12925929

RESUMO

In the process of reading music, the reading of rhythm and pitch might be differentiated, although there is no evidence of this to date. There have been cases of disorders restricted to the reading of pitch, but none in which the disorder has been restricted to the reading of rhythm. We present a case of musical alexia and agraphia with Wernicke's aphasia. An in-depth assessment of the subject's musical reading ability showed that her musical alexia was restricted to unfamiliar melodies. When a melody was divided into rhythm elements and pitch elements, pitch reading was preserved, but rhythm reading was severely disturbed. This is the first case reported of a disorder restricted to rhythm reading, and suggests the independence of rhythm reading and pitch reading.


Assuntos
Afasia de Wernicke/complicações , Dislexia/complicações , Música , Infarto Cerebral/complicações , Dislexia/patologia , Feminino , Humanos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Percepção da Altura Sonora
11.
Stroke ; 33(3): 702-5, 2002 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11872891

RESUMO

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Aphasia is frequent in stroke patients and is associated with poor prognosis. However, characteristics and determinants of vascular aphasias remain controversial. The aim of this study was to evaluate aphasia characteristics at the acute stage in patients admitted to a stroke unit. METHODS: The study was performed in 308 patients consecutively assessed with a standardized aphasia battery. RESULTS: Aphasia was observed in 207 patients; global and nonclassified aphasias accounted for 50% of aphasic syndromes at the acute stage, whereas classic aphasias (Wernicke's, Broca's, transcortical, and subcortical aphasias) were less frequent. Age differed across aphasic syndromes in ischemic stroke patients only; patients with conduction aphasia were younger, and patients with subcortical aphasia were older. Sex did not significantly differ across aphasic syndromes. The presence of a previous stroke was more frequent in nonclassified aphasia. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows (1) that vascular aphasias are frequently severe or nonclassic at the acute stage, a finding explained in part by the presence of a previous stroke; (2) that the age effect is due mainly to its influence on infarct location; and (3) that the main determinant of aphasia characteristics is lesion location.


Assuntos
Afasia/classificação , Afasia/diagnóstico , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/diagnóstico , Adolescente , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Afasia/complicações , Afasia de Broca/complicações , Afasia de Broca/diagnóstico , Afasia de Wernicke/complicações , Afasia de Wernicke/diagnóstico , Feminino , Humanos , Transtornos da Linguagem/classificação , Transtornos da Linguagem/diagnóstico , Transtornos da Linguagem/etiologia , Testes de Linguagem , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Testes Neuropsicológicos , Fatores Sexuais , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/complicações
12.
Brain ; 123 ( Pt 8): 1634-42, 2000 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10908193

RESUMO

Transcortical sensory aphasia (TSA) is characterized by impaired auditory comprehension with intact repetition and fluent speech. We induced TSA transiently by electrical interference during routine cortical function mapping in six adult seizure patients. For each patient, TSA was associated with multiple posterior cortical sites, including the posterior superior and middle temporal gyri, in classical Wernicke's area. A number of TSA sites were immediately adjacent to sites where Wernicke's aphasia was elicited in the same patients. Phonological decoding of speech sounds was assessed by auditory syllable discrimination and found to be intact at all sites where TSA was induced. At a subset of electrode sites where the pattern of language deficits otherwise resembled TSA, naming and word reading remained intact. Language lateralization testing by intracarotid amobarbital injection showed no evidence of independent right hemisphere language. These results suggest that TSA may result from a one-way disruption between left hemisphere phonology and lexical-semantic processing.


Assuntos
Afasia de Wernicke/fisiopatologia , Córtex Auditivo/fisiopatologia , Adulto , Amobarbital , Afasia de Wernicke/complicações , Afasia de Wernicke/etiologia , Artérias Carótidas , Dominância Cerebral , Estimulação Elétrica , Feminino , Humanos , Injeções Intra-Arteriais , Idioma , Masculino , Convulsões/complicações
13.
Brain Lang ; 62(3): 311-41, 1998 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9593613

RESUMO

The present paper is a first attempt to integrate the classical brain lesion behavioral impairment approach of functional neuroanatomy and the electrophysiological brain mapping approach in the domain of syntactic processing. In a group of normal age-matched controls we identified three electrophysiological components previously observed in correlation with language comprehension processes: an early left anterior negativity normally seen in correlation with syntactic first-pass parsing processes (ELAN), a centroparietal negativity seen in correlation with processes of lexical-semantic integration (N400), and a late centroparietal positivity observed in correlation with secondary syntactic processes of reanalysis and repair (P600). The early left anterior negativity was absent in a patient with an extended lesion in the anterior part of the left hemisphere sparing the temporal lobe, although the late centroparietal positivity and the centroparietal N400 were present. In a patient with a left temporal-parietal lesion the early left anterior negativity was found to be present, whereas the N400 component was absent. These findings suggest that first-pass parsing and secondary processes are subserved by distinct brain systems.


Assuntos
Afasia de Broca/complicações , Afasia de Broca/diagnóstico , Afasia de Wernicke/complicações , Afasia de Wernicke/diagnóstico , Testes de Linguagem , Adulto , Análise de Variância , Encéfalo/diagnóstico por imagem , Encéfalo/patologia , Eletroencefalografia , Eletroculografia , Potenciais Evocados Auditivos , Feminino , Lateralidade Funcional , Humanos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X
14.
Rev Neurol (Paris) ; 152(11): 700-3, 1996 Nov.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9033945

RESUMO

A 80-year-old woman, right-handed, suddenly felt the impression to be deaf. Besides, she presented language disorders of aphasic type relating to a sensorial transcortical aphasia. The case meets the diagnostic criteria for crossed aphasia. The magnetic resonance imaging showed a right temporo-parietal infarct. There was no sensorial or peripheral auditive disorder and no auditory agnosia of non verbal modality. During the evolution, the aphasic symptoms diminished partially and the subjective auditory deficit of the left ear continued. The integrated auditory evaluation (neuroacoustic test, study of auditory gnosia, dichotic listening test, evoked cortical auditory potentials) allowed the evidence of the characteristic disturbances of a right hemianacousia: loss of left hear in dichotic audition, decrease of amplitude of evoked right cortical auditory potentials. In the light of theories concerning auditory integration, one can explain this evolution. The initial aphasic comprehension disturbance expresses the alteration of the linguistic treatment of auditory information of the dominant hemisphere, here the right hemisphere. Subsequently, the linguistic disturbance regresses largely, letting persist the change of general auditory treatment. The representation of this general auditory treatment is hemispheric bilateral, the only right hemispheric damage shall result in hemianacousia.


Assuntos
Afasia de Wernicke/complicações , Perda Auditiva Central/etiologia , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Afasia de Wernicke/fisiopatologia , Percepção Auditiva , Infarto Cerebral/complicações , Feminino , Perda Auditiva Central/fisiopatologia , Humanos , Fatores de Tempo
15.
Brain Lang ; 52(1): 83-113, 1996 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8741977

RESUMO

This study investigates the changes in auditory-verbal short-term memory (AVSTM) and error patterns in repetition observed in a Wernicke's aphasic, NC, over a period of about 2 years following the onset of a left middle cerebral artery aneurysm. When first tested, NC demonstrated deep dysphasia, a disorder characterized by the production of semantic errors in repetition and a severe disability in repeating nonwords. At this stage, his AVSTM span, assessed in a pointing task, was less than one item. As NC recovered somewhat, his performance on AVSTM tasks improved (span increased to two items), and his pattern of error in word repetition changed (fewer semantic errors, more formal paraphasias and neologisms). Other features of his span performance after some recovery resembled patterns associated with STM-based repetition impairments (reduced recency effects and reduced word length effects). In a series of computer simulation and empirical studies, we show that NC's repetition performance can be accounted for by varying two parameters of an interactive activation model of repetition adapted from Dell and O'Seaghdha's (1991) model of production: decay rate and temporal interval. These results provide support for the view that AVSTM performance depends on storage capacities intrinsic to the language processing system. Such a model allows deep dysphasia and STM-based repetition disorders to be seen as quantitative variants of the same underlying disturbance.


Assuntos
Afasia de Wernicke/complicações , Transtornos da Linguagem/complicações , Transtornos da Linguagem/reabilitação , Adulto , Humanos , Masculino , Tempo de Reação , Semântica
16.
J Commun Disord ; 28(3): 205-15, 1995 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8530717

RESUMO

VOT productions were compared for 5 Broca's aphasics and 5 Wernicke's aphasics to those for a group of 5 normal subjects of similar age. Phonetic errors were produced by both types of aphasic patients, but not by normal controls. Although previous studies have found significantly more phonetic errors in VOT production for Broca's aphasics, this study did not. Both Broca aphasics and Wernicke aphasics had somewhat less overall average difference in VOT between voiced and voiceless consonant pairs than normal speakers. Standard deviations associated with the VOT productions were also greater for both aphasic groups than for normal subjects. The results of this study are considered in light of the previous literature.


Assuntos
Afasia de Broca/complicações , Afasia de Wernicke/complicações , Distúrbios da Fala/etiologia , Voz , Idoso , Afasia de Broca/fisiopatologia , Afasia de Wernicke/fisiopatologia , Encéfalo/fisiopatologia , França , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fonética , Fatores de Tempo
17.
Brain Lang ; 50(3): 339-68, 1995 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7583194

RESUMO

This paper, which is organized into five sections, critically examines the empirical support and linguistic assumptions underlying several current accounts of language disturbances in Broca's aphasia. In the first section, following a discussion of the use of signal detection methodologies in investigating grammatical sensitivity, the reliability of results from two studies that suggest that Broca's aphasic patients are differentially sensitive to grammatical constraints is examined. It is concluded that in some cases, claims of intact sensitivity are not supported. The second section examines the empirical support for the hypothesis that agrammatic patients are unable to compute syntactic dependency relationships because of slowed lexical processing. It is argued that the statistical treatment of the data and interpretive problems associated with the lexical decision paradigm undermine this hypothesis. In the third section, some of the linguistic assumptions underlying criticisms of chain-disruption hypotheses are examined. It is concluded that these criticisms are based on arguable linguistic assumptions. In the fourth section, it is argued that the linguistic and empirical support for both earlier and revised versions of Grodzinsky's default interpretive strategy is lacking. Methodological and conceptual shortcomings arising from this proposal are also discussed. In the final section, potential relationships between disordered language and currently developing models of normal language processing are discussed.


Assuntos
Afasia de Broca/complicações , Transtornos da Linguagem/etiologia , Afasia de Wernicke/complicações , Humanos , Idioma , Vocabulário
18.
Brain Lang ; 50(2): 225-39, 1995 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7583188

RESUMO

In this report we comment upon subject selection and methodology, and we describe some recent studies of syntactic processing in aphasia. Our data show that, like neurologically intact subjects, Wernicke's patients reactivate moved constituents (instantiate coreference) at the site of their extraction (even for sentences that they do not understand). Broca's patients, by constrast, are shown not to create such syntactically governed links (even for sentences that they do understand). These data isolate the processing bottleneck in Broca's aphasia and more generally suggest that syntactic comprehension limitations can be traced to changes in cortically localizable resources that sustain lexical processing.


Assuntos
Afasia de Broca/complicações , Transtornos da Linguagem/etiologia , Percepção da Fala , Afasia de Wernicke/complicações , Afasia de Wernicke/diagnóstico , Humanos , Transtornos da Linguagem/diagnóstico , Testes de Linguagem , Testes Neuropsicológicos , Vocabulário
19.
Brain Lang ; 50(2): 240-57, 1995 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7583189

RESUMO

This paper is primarily about sentence processing in neurologically intact subjects--but carries with it the underlying message that though both grammatical and on-line analyses of agrammatism have borne considerable fruit, there is much about the efforts from normal psycholinguistics that has yet to find its way into investigations of aphasia. We describe some of our psycholinguistic work and show how it has influenced our work in aphasia. This work involves three different kinds of information that the human sentence processing system appears to exploit: (1) lexical properties, particularly those having to do with verbs; (2) syntactic operations that connect one position in the sentence to another, nonadjacent position; and (3) prosody, which is often overlooked but which may turn out to be crucial to accounts of both normal and disordered sentence processing. Finally, we suggest that lexical properties interact with prosody to help the parser in its initial analysis.


Assuntos
Afasia de Broca/complicações , Afasia de Wernicke/complicações , Transtornos da Linguagem/etiologia , Idioma , Vocabulário , Lateralidade Funcional , Humanos , Transtornos da Linguagem/diagnóstico , Tempo de Reação , Percepção da Fala
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