Endovascular treatment of traumatic pseudoaneurysm of the ileal branch of the superior mesenteric artery in a 9-year-old girl: Case report and literature review.

RATIONALE: Visceral artery aneurysm is a rare and potentially fatal vascular condition that typically affects the superior mesenteric or inferior mesenteric arteries, the splenic, hepatic, and celiac arteries, as well as their branches. Visceral artery aneurysms can usually be treated using endovascular intervention, open surgery, or percutaneous thrombin injection. PATIENT CONCERNS: A 9-year-old girl was admitted to our trauma center with abdominal and bilateral leg pain after a car accident involving a head-on collision. DIAGNOSIS: Abdominal computed tomography (CT) showed bowel herniation through a muscle defect in the left lateral abdominal wall. There was a small amount of fluid around the liver and spleen, mild thickening of the small bowel wall, and infiltration in the small bowel mesentery, indicating the possibility of small bowel injury. INTERVENTIONS: Emergent exploratory laparotomy was performed. After resection of the ischemic parts of the terminal ileum and sigmoid colon, intestinal continuity was reestablished. Primary repair was performed on a traumatic left lateral abdominal wall hernia. She recovered well postoperatively without any complications. A follow-up abdominal CT scan after 2 months showed a pseudoaneurysm of the ileal branch of the superior mesenteric artery. Despite the absence of any gastrointestinal symptoms, the pseudoaneurysm was treated by endovascular intervention using numerous coils because of the significant risk of delayed rupture or massive bleeding. OUTCOMES: Follow-up abdominal CT scan after 6 months showed complete occlusion and resorption of the pseudoaneurysm. LESSONS: Although it is technically challenging, endovascular coil embolization may be a feasible technique in children with traumatic visceral artery pseudoaneurysms without complications.

Glutamine protects intestine against ischemia-reperfusion injury by alleviating endoplasmic reticulum stress induced apoptosis in rats

Abstract Purpose Glutamine, as an essential part of enteral nutrition and parenteral nutrition agent, has been widely recognized to be a kind of important intestinal mucosa protectant in clinical practice and experimental research. However, the mechanisms of its protective effects are still not fully understand. Consequently, this study aimed to explore the potential mechanism of glutamine on ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in intestine. Methods An experimental model of intestinal I/R in rats was established by 1 hour occlusion of the superior mesenteric artery followed by 3 hours of reperfusion. Morphologic changes of intestinal mucosa, apoptosis of epithelial cells, and expression of intestinal Grp78, Gadd153, Caspase-12, ATF4, PERK phosphorylation (P-PERK) and elF2αphosphorylation(P-elF2α) were determined. Results After I/R, the apoptotic index of intestinal mucosa epithelial cells observably increased with notable necrosis of intestinal mucosa, and the expressions of Grp78, Gadd153, Caspase-12, ATF4, P-PERK and P-elF2αall were increased. However, treatment with glutamine could significantly relieve intestinal I/R injury and apoptosis index. Moreover, glutamine could clearly up-regulate the expression of Grp78, restrain P-PERK and P-elF2α, and reduce ATF4, Gadd153 and Caspase-12 expressions. Conclusion Glutamine may be involved in alleviating ER stress induced intestinal mucosa cells apoptosis.

Sindrome de la arteria mesenterica superior: Utilidad de la TAC helicoidal / Superior mesenteric artery syndrome: Using of Helical CT

Se informa un caso clínico de síndrome de arteria mesentérica superior (AMS) en un paciente masculino de 15 años de edad, quien presenta obstrucción intestinal alta luego de perder 6 kilogramos de peso. Se revisan sus características clínicas e imaginológicas, con énfasis en la utilidad de la TAC helicoidal

Disección espontánea de la arteria mesentérica superior / Superior mesenteric artery spontaneous disection

La disección espontánea de la arteria mesentérica superior es una condición muy poco frecuente. Su etiopatogenia es aún desconocida. Se postula como causa entre otras necrosis quística de la túnica media, displasia fibromuscular, trauma abdominal cerrado, hipertensión arterial y ateroesclerosis. Su forma de presentación en la mayoría de los casos corresponde a dolor abdominal intenso o shock hipovolémico secundario a rotura de la arteria disecada. El método diagnóstico de mayor rendimiento es la angiografía, la que además permite efectuar procedimientos terapéuticos. En muchos casos, sin embargo se puede realizar un diagnóstico definitivo mediante tomografía computada (angio Tac), que permite obtener contraste adecuado a nivel de la arteria mesentérica superior. Se presenta un caso de un paciente de sexo masculino, 45 años, que ingresa al Servicio de Urgencia por un cuadro de dolor abdominal difuso. Se realiza una tomografía axial computada (TAC) demostrando este diagnóstico

Trombosis y ruptura de la arteria mesentérica superior: descripción de un caso y estudio del tema / Thrombosis and rupture of the upper mesenteric artery description of a case and study of the topic

Se describe el caso de un paciente de 47 años que ingresó al servicio de urgencias con cuadro clínico de dolor abdominal epigástrico, se diagnosticó y se trató como enfermedad acidopéptica y se sospechó sangrado de tracto digestivo. Fallece y en la autopsia se encuentra trombosis y ruptura de la arteria mesentérica superior. La trombosis mesentérica tiene una mortalidad del 75 por ciento, el tratamiento es difícil y principalmente quirúrgico. Se observa principalmente entre la quinta y sexta década de la vida y con frecuencia existe alguna enfermedad de base. La isquemia mesentérica puede ser por embolización o trombosis de la arteria mesentérica superior, puede ser una isquemia no oclusiva o puede ser por trombosis de una vena mesentérica. La ruptura de una arteria como la mesentérica, a la edad de este paciente es usualmente ocasionada por aterosclerosis y que incluye complicaciones como la trombosis. En la literatura revisada no se encontraron casos descritos de trombosis asociada a ruptura de la arteria mesentérica superior