RESUMO
Nineteen new talaroenamine derivatives, talaroenamines F1-F19 (1-19), were isolated from the Yellow River wetland derived Penicillium malacosphaerulum HPU-J01 by use of a one-pot/two-stage precursor-directed biosynthesis approach. During this approach, the initial precursor p-methylaniline was first used as a carrier to capture the biologically synthesized cyclohexanedione to produce talaroenamine F, and then the other aniline derivatives were employed to replace the p-methylaniline fragment of talaroenamine F to generate the final products. LC-MS analysis showed that only four compounds (2, 8, 10, and 12) could be produced by the traditional precursor-directed biosynthesis in which the aniline precursors were added simultaneously. Compound 14 was cytotoxic against the K562 cell line with an IC50 value of 2.2 µM. This work demonstrated the one-pot/two-stage precursor-directed biosynthesis could improve substrate acceptance leading to the production of diverse talaroenamines.
Assuntos
Compostos de Anilina , Penicillium , Compostos de Anilina/síntese química , Compostos de Anilina/isolamento & purificação , Compostos de Anilina/farmacologia , Humanos , Células K562 , Penicillium/químicaRESUMO
Phallus rubrovolvatus is an important commercially cultivated mushroom species in China. However, the volva of P. rubrovolvatus usually discarded as a by-product due to the unpleasant flavor and difficulty in processing. In this study, we investigated the chemical constituents and bioactivities of the volva of P. rubrovolvatus. As a result, fifteen rare aniline derivatives, including twelve new compounds (1-11, 14) and three new natural products (12, 13, 15) were isolated from the volva. Their structures were determined using 1D and 2D NMR data and HR-ESI-MS data, while the relative and absolute configurations were confirmed by NOESY correlations and comparison between experimental and calculated ECD spectra. In addition, compounds 1-15 were tested for anti-inflammatory activity against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced NO production in RAW264.7 macrophages. Compounds 4, 9 and 10 exhibited anti-inflammatory activity with IC50 values ranging from 12.5 to 15.6 µM.
Assuntos
Compostos de Anilina/farmacologia , Anti-Inflamatórios não Esteroides/farmacologia , Basidiomycota/química , Óxido Nítrico/antagonistas & inibidores , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Resíduos/análise , Compostos de Anilina/química , Compostos de Anilina/isolamento & purificação , Animais , Anti-Inflamatórios não Esteroides/química , Anti-Inflamatórios não Esteroides/isolamento & purificação , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Lipopolissacarídeos/antagonistas & inibidores , Lipopolissacarídeos/farmacologia , Camundongos , Estrutura Molecular , Óxido Nítrico/biossíntese , Extratos Vegetais/química , Extratos Vegetais/isolamento & purificação , Células RAW 264.7 , Relação Estrutura-AtividadeRESUMO
The instability and rapid consumption of H2O2 limit the application of UV/H2O2 in water treatment. Recently, calcium peroxide (CaO2) has been demonstrated as an effective source of H2O2. However, the performance and mechanism of UV/CaO2 are still unknown. Herein, UV/CaO2 and UV/H2O2 were compared for degradation of aniline. The removal efficiency of aniline by UV/CaO2 was slightly lower than that by UV/H2O2, which could be attributed to the light scavenger by CaO2 suspended particles. HO⧠was identified to participate in aniline degradation in both UV/CaO2 and UV/H2O2, while O2-· was only involved in UV/CaO2. The efficiency of aniline degradation in UV/CaO2 was affected by the released H2O2 in the system. The release and decomposition rate of H2O2 in UV/CaO2 system were influenced by the CaO2 dosage and reaction pH, but slightly related with water matrix. Excessive CaO2 would scavenge aniline degradation through the released H2O2 to react with HOâ§. Acidic condition would enhance the concentration of H2O2 in UV/CaO2 and promote the degradation of aniline. Cl- showed slight and almost no effect on aniline degradation in UV/CaO2 and UV/H2O2 systems, respectively, while HCO3- scavenged aniline degradation in UV/CaO2. NO3- inhibited aniline degradation in both UV/CaO2 and UV/H2O2. Compared to UV/H2O2, UV/CaO2 shows the similar efficiency on organics removal but conquers the limitations in UV/H2O2, which is a promising alternative choice in water treatment.
Assuntos
Peróxido de Hidrogênio/química , Peróxidos , Raios Ultravioleta , Poluentes Químicos da Água/química , Purificação da Água/métodos , Compostos de Anilina/química , Compostos de Anilina/isolamento & purificação , Carcinógenos/química , Cinética , Oxirredução , Purificação da Água/normasRESUMO
Amyvid (florbetapir f18, [18 F]AV-45, [18 F]5) was the first FDA-approved positron emission tomography imaging agent targeting ß-amyloid (Aß) plaques for assisting the diagnosis of Alzheimer disease. This work aimed to improve the [18 F]AV-45 ([18 F]5) preparation by using solid-phase extraction (SPE) purification. [18 F]AV-45 ([18 F]5) was synthesized by direct nucleophilic radiofluorination of O-tosylated precursor (1 mg) at 120°C in anhydrous dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), followed by acid hydrolysis of the N-Boc protecting group. Purification was accomplished by loading the crude reaction mixture to a cartridge (Oasis HLB 3 cc) and eluting with different combinations of solvents. This method removed the chemical impurity while leaving [18 F]AV-45 ([18 F]5) on the cartridge. The final dose was eluted by ethanol. [18 F]AV-45 ([18 F]5) was produced within 51 minutes (radiochemical yield 42.7 ± 5.9%, decay corrected, n = 3), and the radiochemical purity was greater than 95%. Total chemical impurity per batch (24.1 ± 2.7 µg per batch) was below the limit described in the package insert of Amyvid, florbetapir f18 (chemical mass: less than 50 µg/dose). In summary, [18 F]AV-45 ([18 F]5) was produced efficiently and reproducibly using a cartridge-based SPE purification. This method brings the process closer for routine preparation, similar to the commercially used [18 F]FDG.
Assuntos
Compostos de Anilina/química , Compostos de Anilina/isolamento & purificação , Etilenoglicóis/química , Etilenoglicóis/isolamento & purificação , Extração em Fase Sólida , Tomografia por Emissão de Pósitrons , RadioquímicaRESUMO
The search for an effective and sustainable treatment method to remove the recalcitrant atom-bridged bis-anilino compounds, 4,4'-methylenedianiline (MDA) and 4,4'-thiodianiline (TDA) from water is a major challenge and focus of this study. The escalating discharge of these two toxic and carcinogenic pollutants from industrial sources may pose a serious threat to the environment. Crude soybean peroxidase (SBP), isolated from soybean seed hulls (coats), catalyzes the oxidative polymerization of these aqueous pollutants in the presence of hydrogen peroxide. The effects of several process parameters, i.e., pH, hydrogen peroxide-to-substrate concentration ratio and SBP concentration, were investigated to optimize the performance of enzymatic treatment. The minimum effective SBP concentration required for removal of MDA was 0.70 U/mL, which was higher than that of TDA (0.15 U/mL). The reaction time course to achieve ≥95% removal of these compounds from water was determined under those optimum conditions. Identification of the transformed products was performed by means of high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. The products generally observed were protonated oxidized oxidative dimers and higher oligomers (most commonly azo-coupled products). Michaelis constant, KM, and maximum reaction velocity, Vmax, obtained from the Michaelis-Menten (M-M) model revealed that TDA had a 65-fold lower KM than MDA (indicating TDA's higher affinity for SBP), and almost 5-fold higher Vmax than MDA. A pro-forma cost analysis is presented to assess the possibility of commercialization of enzymatic treatment as an alternative to conventional/traditional treatment methods.
Assuntos
Glycine max/enzimologia , Peroxidases/metabolismo , Poluentes Químicos da Água/isolamento & purificação , Purificação da Água/métodos , Compostos de Anilina/isolamento & purificação , Catálise , Peróxido de Hidrogênio , Cinética , Oxirredução , Peroxidases/química , Glycine max/metabolismo , Água , Poluentes Químicos da Água/químicaRESUMO
This work reports a new type of triptycene-based amphiphilic stationary phase (TP-2IL) for gas chromatography (GC). It is an integration of the 3D π-rich triptycene framework with ionic liquids. Its capillary column showed the efficiency of 3880 plates/m determined by n-dodecane at 120 °C (k = 2.79) and exhibited good performance for analytes from apolar to polar nature. Particularly, it has outstanding capability for resolving critical pairs of anilines and phenols with good peak shapes and shows distinct advantages over its composing counterparts (TP-2BO and O-IL) and widely-used commercial columns, namely 35% phenyl methyl polysiloxane (DB-35) and polyethylene glycol (INNOWAX). Moreover, the TP-2IL column exhibited good repeatability and reproducibility with the values of relative standard deviation in the range of 0.02%-0.07% for run-to-run, 0.10%-0.35% for day-to-day and 2.9%-5.1% for column-to-column, respectively, and good thermal stability up to 300 °C. Furthermore, its applications for determining isomer impurities in real samples demonstrate its feasibility for practical GC analysis. This work presents a facile strategy for constructing triptycene-based stationary phases with amphiphilic selectivity and provides alternatives of highly selective stationary phases for chromatographic analysis.
Assuntos
Antracenos/química , Técnicas de Química Analítica/instrumentação , Técnicas de Química Analítica/métodos , Cromatografia Gasosa , Alcanos/química , Compostos de Anilina/isolamento & purificação , Isomerismo , Fenóis/isolamento & purificação , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , SiloxanasRESUMO
The major goal of this study was to determine the affinity pattern of brombuterol (BB) enantiomers toward various cyclodextrins (CD) and to evaluate the potential of NMR spectroscopy for understanding fine mechanisms of interactions between CDs and BB enantiomers. Separation of BB enantiomers was performed in a fused-silica capillary using a phosphate buffer, pH 2.5, at the room temperature in the normal polarity mode. It was shown once again that CE in combination with NMR spectroscopy represents a very sensitive tool for studies of affinity patterns and structure of CD complexes with chiral guests. Although opposite affinity patterns of BB enantiomers were observed toward native ß- and γ-CDs, no significant differences between the structures of the complexes of these two CDs with BB were detected by NMR spectroscopy. In contrary to this, the opposite affinity pattern of BB enantiomers toward ß-CD and its two sulfated derivatives, heptakis (2,3-O-diacetyl-6-sulfo)-ß-CD (HDAS-ß-CD) and heptakis (2-O-methyl-3,6-di-O-sulfo)-ß-CD (HMDS-ß-CD) was associated with major differences in the structure of the complexes. In addition, it was shown again that HMDS-ß-CD provides separation of enantiomers without formation of inclusion-type complex with the chiral analyte.
Assuntos
Compostos de Anilina/química , Compostos de Anilina/isolamento & purificação , Ciclodextrinas/química , Eletroforese Capilar/métodos , Etanolaminas/química , Etanolaminas/isolamento & purificação , Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética/métodos , Compostos de Anilina/análise , Etanolaminas/análise , Concentração de Íons de Hidrogênio , EstereoisomerismoRESUMO
Considering the pH fluctuation in industrial wastewater, the response and resilience to pH shock should be investigated during aerobic granular sludge (AGS) system operation. In this work, three AGS reactors, namely R1, R2, and R3 for simultaneous removal of aniline and nitrogen were exposed to neutral, acidic, and alkaline conditions, respectively. The removal efficiency of aniline and chemical oxygen demand with pH variation was over 99.9% and 91.0%, respectively after stable in the three reactors. The aniline removal rate modestly decreased in R2 and R3 after pH varied and denitrification was slightly improved in acidic environment with average removal efficiency of 61.2%. The mature AGS could maintain settleability in R1 and R2 with 30â¯min sludge volume index below 35â¯mLâ¯g-1 but was unstable under alkaline condition. Correspondingly, the secretion of extracellular polymeric substances especially protein decreased notably in R3. The bacterial groups varied with pH shock, but some could recover after adjustment to original pH value. Proteobacteria was the predominant phylum in the three reactors and Bacteroidetes was enriched in alkaline conditions. In addition, the main functional genera such as Achromobacter, Defluviimonas, Enterobacter, Pseudomonas, and Pseudoxanthomonas, were detected in the system and were found to be responsible for reduction of aniline and nitrogen.
Assuntos
Compostos de Anilina/isolamento & purificação , Reatores Biológicos/microbiologia , Nitrogênio/isolamento & purificação , Esgotos/química , Aerobiose , Bactérias/metabolismo , Análise da Demanda Biológica de Oxigênio , Reatores Biológicos/normas , Desnitrificação , Concentração de Íons de HidrogênioRESUMO
In this study, Mn-Ce-Ox/γ-Al2O3 supported catalysts were adopted to promote the removal efficiency of aniline in simulated wastewater with ozone. Mn-Ce-Ox/γ-Al2O3 catalysts were prepared by the impregnation-calcination method. Its phase structure, specific surface area, loading amount and distribution of active units were analyzed by XRD, BET, ICP-AES and TEM/SEM respectively. The characterization results demonstrated that the catalysts had a good dispersion of Mn-Ce-Ox active sites and an abundant porous structure from the γ-Al2O3 support. The catalytic ozonation results showed that with Mn3-Ce1-Ox/γ-Al2O3(1.0), the aniline removal efficiency was highly improved, 15.0% higher than that of ozonation without a catalyst. Furthermore, from the variation in loading amounts of Mn and Ce, it can be seen that the molar ratio of Mn and Ce within the Mn-Ce-Ox plays a key role in accelerating the ozonation of aniline in simulated wastewater with ozone, while Mn:Ce = 1.9:1 showed the best performance. More importantly, the catalysts showed high recycling performance and could be reused at least 12 times without obvious loss of activity.
Assuntos
Óxido de Alumínio/química , Compostos de Anilina , Cério/química , Manganês/química , Ozônio/química , Compostos de Anilina/análise , Compostos de Anilina/química , Compostos de Anilina/isolamento & purificação , Catálise , Águas Residuárias/química , Purificação da ÁguaRESUMO
Four new tetramic acids, cladosins H-K (1-4), and a related known compound, cladodionen (5), were isolated from the culture of the Mariana Trench (depth 6562 m) sediment-derived fungus Cladosporium sphaerospermum L3P3 treated with the histone deacetylase inhibitor SAHA (suberanilohydroxamic acid). Interestingly, compounds 1-5 existed as equilibrium E/ Z mixtures and 1-4 were the first cases of tetramic acids containing aniline moieties. Their structures including absolute configurations were elucidated through a combination of NMR, MS, and Mosher's method, together with the consideration of biogenetic origins. Incubation experiments of exogenous aniline and N-phenyloctanamide revealed that the aniline moiety in cladosins H-K (1-4) is probably derived from the degradation of SAHA, indicating that the well-known histone deacetylase inhibitor SAHA could be metabolized by L3P3 and provide aniline as a precursor for biotransformation of chemically reactive polyketides. The cytotoxicity of 1-5 was evaluated against the PC-3, MGC-803, SH-SY5Y, HCT-116, K562, and HL-60 cell lines, and compound 2 showed promising cytotoxicity against the HL-60 cell line with an IC50 value of 2.8 µM.
Assuntos
Compostos de Anilina/isolamento & purificação , Cladosporium/química , Policetídeos/isolamento & purificação , Pirrolidinonas/isolamento & purificação , Compostos de Anilina/química , Compostos de Anilina/farmacologia , Antineoplásicos/química , Antineoplásicos/isolamento & purificação , Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Ensaios de Seleção de Medicamentos Antitumorais , Células HL-60 , Inibidores de Histona Desacetilases/química , Inibidores de Histona Desacetilases/farmacologia , Humanos , Estrutura Molecular , Policetídeos/química , Policetídeos/farmacologia , Pirrolidinonas/química , Pirrolidinonas/farmacologia , Vorinostat/química , Vorinostat/farmacologiaRESUMO
Rapid and efficient detecting trace amount of environmental p-nitroaniline (p-NA) is in urgent need for security concerns and pollution supervision. In this work we report the use of molecularly imprinted polymeric ionic liquid (MIPIL) microspheres to construct recognizable surfaces for detection of p-NA through fluorescence quenching. The p-NA imprinted microspheres are synthesized by precipitation polymerization upon co-polymerization of 3-(anthracen-9-ylmethyl)-1-vinyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride (Fluorescent IL monomer) with ethyleneglycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA). The electron-rich group alkenyl imidazole in IL functional monomer can dramatically improve the emission of anthracene fluorophore and the π-π stacking, electronic, and hydrogen bond between p-NA and MIPIL can efficiently enhance the selective recognition force. The as-synthesized MIPIL microspheres present spherical shape, high fluorescence emission intensity and specific recognition, which showed rapid detection rate (1min), stable reusable property (at least 4 time recycles), wonderful selectivity over several structural analogs, wide linear range (10nM to 10M) with a correlation coefficient of 0.992, and excellent sensitivity (LOD, 9nM). As synthesis and surface functionalization of MIPIL microspheres are well established, the methods reported in this work are facile, rapid and efficient for monitoring p-NA in environmental wastewater.
Assuntos
Compostos de Anilina/isolamento & purificação , Técnicas Biossensoriais , Impressão Molecular , Águas Residuárias/química , Compostos de Anilina/química , Fluorescência , Líquidos Iônicos/química , Íons/química , Microesferas , Polímeros/químicaRESUMO
The metal-organic framework [(La0.9 Sm0.1 )2 (DPA)3 (H2 O)3 ]∞ was synthetized and characterized by X-ray diffractometry, differential thermogravimetric analysis, and infrared spectroscopy. The material was tested for the development and validation of a matrix solid-phase dispersion procedure for extraction of atrazine, bifenthrin, bromuconazole, clofentezine, fenbuconazole, flumetralin, procymidone, and pirimicarb, from peppers, with analysis using gas chromatography with mass spectrometry in the selected ion monitoring mode. The method developed was linear over the range tested (50.0-1000.0 µg/kg for procymidone and 200.0-1000.0 µg/kg for all other pesticides), with correlation coefficients ranging from 0.9930 to 0.9992. Experiments were carried out at 250.0, 500.0, and 1000.0 µg/kg fortification levels, and resulted in recoveries in the range of 52.7-135.0%, with coefficient of variation values between 5.2 and 5.4%, respectively, for [(La0.9 Sm0.1 )2 (DPA)3 (H2 O)3 ]∞ sorbent. Detection and quantification limits ranged from 16.0 to 67.0 µg/kg and from 50.0 to 200.0 µg/kg, respectively, for the different pesticides studied. The results were compared with literature data. The developed and validated method was applied to real samples. The analysis detected the presence of residues of pesticides procymidone, fenbuconazole, flumetralin, clofentezine, atrazine, and bifenthrin.
Assuntos
Capsicum/química , Elementos da Série dos Lantanídeos/química , Estruturas Metalorgânicas/química , Praguicidas/isolamento & purificação , Extração em Fase Sólida , Compostos de Anilina/química , Compostos de Anilina/isolamento & purificação , Atrazina/química , Atrazina/isolamento & purificação , Compostos Bicíclicos com Pontes/química , Compostos Bicíclicos com Pontes/isolamento & purificação , Carbamatos/química , Carbamatos/isolamento & purificação , Clorobenzenos/química , Clorobenzenos/isolamento & purificação , Furanos/química , Furanos/isolamento & purificação , Cromatografia Gasosa-Espectrometria de Massas , Estruturas Metalorgânicas/síntese química , Nitrilas/química , Nitrilas/isolamento & purificação , Praguicidas/química , Piretrinas/química , Piretrinas/isolamento & purificação , Pirimidinas/química , Pirimidinas/isolamento & purificação , Triazóis/química , Triazóis/isolamento & purificaçãoRESUMO
Hybrid monolithic stationary phase based HPLC is a typical example of practices in separation science. In this study, we developed a dual polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS) polymerization approach to the preparation of a hybrid monolithic stationary phase of tri-porous structure and various surface chemistry. N-phenylaminopropyl-POSS (PA-POSS) and glycidyl-POSS (EP-POSS) were exemplified to demonstrate effective mutually-mediated separation mechanisms of the hybrid monolithic stationary phase and mobile phase towards diverse small molecules. PA-POSS and EP-POSS can be the monomer and/or crosslinker each other. They were polymerized via the epoxy-ring opening reaction to form the poly[(PA-POSS)-(EP-POSS)] (polyPOSS) monolithic stationary phase of 110.6/164.6â¯Å3 micropore (as a cube/ball), 10â¯nm mesopore and 0.95⯵m macropore with the native siloxane cage and remaining phenyl/epoxy as well as chemically generated positive-chargeable tertiary phenylamine and hydrophilic hydroxyl groups. Such pore-structure and surface chemistry allow us to perform the effective separation of targeted small molecules, such as alkylbenzenes and alkylbenzene ketones, nucleic acid bases and amino acids, as well as phenols and phenolic acids, under reversed-phase, HILIC and mixed mode (polarity, size-exclusion and hydrogen-bonding) by just changing the molar ratio of POSS-precursors, and the composition and pH of a mobile phase as well. We believe that the approach developed herein can be extended to fabricate other kinds of hybrid monolithic stationary phases that are suitable for the separation of biomacromolecules and chiral molecules when choosing the existed POSS and/or designing new POSS with the substituted pendant groups of different physicochemical properties.
Assuntos
Técnicas de Química Analítica/métodos , Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão , Aminoácidos/isolamento & purificação , Compostos de Anilina/isolamento & purificação , Técnicas de Química Analítica/instrumentação , Interações Hidrofóbicas e Hidrofílicas , Compostos de Organossilício/química , Fenóis/isolamento & purificação , Polimerização , EstereoisomerismoRESUMO
Silica spheres covered with rods perpendicular to the particle surface were prepared by a simple one-pot sol-gel process. Thus prepared rods-on-sphere silica particles possessed core-shell structure. Compared to other core-shell silica particles in which the shell was synthesized by the time-consuming multiple-step layer-by-layer coating technique, the shell of our rods-on-sphere particles was formed by directly grown rods from the silica spheres. The coverage of the rods on the particle surface could be tuned by changing the amount of water in the reaction. The rods on the particle surface increased the surface roughness which may help decreasing the A-term. Therefore, the calcined and modified rods-on-sphere silica particles were packed into stainless steel columns and then assessed for the separation of various samples including small molecules and proteins. In comparison with a commercially available Kromasil column, the pressure of the rods-on-sphere column is much lower under the same separation conditions, while the column efficiency was comparable. The separation results demonstrate that rods-on-sphere silica particles are a type of new and highly promising packing stationary phase for high performance liquid chromatography.
Assuntos
Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão/métodos , Dióxido de Silício/química , Compostos de Anilina/análise , Compostos de Anilina/isolamento & purificação , Clorobenzenos/análise , Clorobenzenos/isolamento & purificação , Naftalenos/análise , Naftalenos/isolamento & purificação , Tamanho da Partícula , Proteínas/química , Proteínas/isolamento & purificação , Propriedades de Superfície , Teofilina/análise , Teofilina/isolamento & purificaçãoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: The extracts of Nitraria genus are composed of Nitraria alkaloids and have been used traditionally as a hypoglycemic medicine. However, the efficacy and precise mechanism of Nitraria alkaloids remain largely unknown. METHODS: Previously, we reported the total synthesis of (+)-isonitramine, one of Nitraria alkaloids. In this study, we investigated the anti-diabetic potential of isonitramine in diabetes mellitus and its underlying molecular mechanism in carbohydrate catabolism in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS: Isonitramine exerted significant inhibitory effect on α-glucosidases but not α-amylase in vitro. In zebrafish, isonitramine alleviated the streptozotocin (STZ)-induced postprandial hyperglycemia and protected the pancreatic damages against alloxan-induced oxidative stress in vivo. Also, isonitramine induced insulin without any toxicities and downregulated phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK), which catalyzes the first committed step in gluconeogenesis. CONCLUSION: Taken together, isonitramine inhibited α-glucosidase activity and PEPCK expression, while increased insulin expression, resulting in attenuating the postprandial hyperglycemia. Also, isonitramine protected the pancreas from ROS-mediated toxicities. Therefore, isonitramine may be a new drug candidate for the treatment of diabetes mellitus.
Assuntos
Alcaloides/farmacologia , Compostos de Anilina/farmacologia , Hiperglicemia/tratamento farmacológico , Células Secretoras de Insulina/efeitos dos fármacos , Nitrobenzenos/farmacologia , Alcaloides/isolamento & purificação , Compostos de Anilina/isolamento & purificação , Animais , Metabolismo dos Carboidratos/efeitos dos fármacos , Linhagem Celular , Cricetinae , Inibidores de Glicosídeo Hidrolases , Humanos , Hipoglicemiantes/isolamento & purificação , Hipoglicemiantes/farmacologia , Nitrobenzenos/isolamento & purificação , Fosfoenolpiruvato Carboxiquinase (ATP)/efeitos dos fármacos , Extratos Vegetais/química , Substâncias Protetoras/isolamento & purificação , Substâncias Protetoras/farmacologia , Ratos , Suínos , Peixe-ZebraRESUMO
Hazardous contaminants in water and biomass fly ash spillage are causes for environmental and health concern. We selected five fly ashes generated from olive-mill (O,P, G and H) and greenhouse vegetable (I) waste used as biomass fuel in order to quantify their capacity to remove diuron and 3,4-dichloroaniline (DCA) from water. To understand the sorption processes involved, four kinetic models and two adsorption isotherms were assayed. The pseudo second-order kinetic showed the best fit (R2>0.99). The initial adsorption rate constant was found to be faster for DCA than for diuron. The Freundlich adsorption constants of ashes O, P, G and H for diuron were more than 2-fold higher than for DCA (Kf=109-16µg1-1/ng-1mL-1). The alkaline pH of these fly ashes plays an important role in the adsorption process. Sorption/desorption processes were significantly affected by iron oxide content. DCA sorption was also influenced by particle size and carbon content. Low hysteresis coefficient values (H=0.01-0.26) revealed an irreversible sorption process. The study presents novel information on the immobilization of hazardous chemicals in water by biomass fly ashes generated from olive-oil industry and greenhouse crop waste.
Assuntos
Compostos de Anilina/isolamento & purificação , Biomassa , Cinza de Carvão/química , Diurona/isolamento & purificação , Poluentes Químicos da Água/isolamento & purificação , Adsorção , Resíduos de Alimentos , Cinética , Modelos Químicos , Termodinâmica , Purificação da Água/métodosRESUMO
A selective analytical method based on packed-fiber solid-phase extraction and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (PFSPE-UPLC-MS/MS) has been developed for determination of six ß-agonists (clorprenaline, bambuterol, clenbuterol, brombuterol, mabuterol, and penbuterol) in pork tissue. Polystyrene-polymeric crown ether (PS-PCE) composite nanofibers were fabricated by electrospinning and utilized to prepare the homemade extraction columns. With optimal conditions, all analytes were separated very well and the blank pork did not disturb the determination, and the linearity is good in a range of 5.0µg/kg-25.0µg/kg. The recoveries were 79.3-110.1%. RSDs for intra-day were in the range of 1.5-10.5% and RSDs for inter-day were 4.7-11.8%. Above all, only 5mg of sorbent and 200µL of elution solvent were favorable to directly extract all analytes in a complex matrix. The method is simple and cost-effective, and has the potential to be applied to quantitatively analyze the concentrations of polar species in food samples containing complex matrix.
Assuntos
Agonistas Adrenérgicos beta/química , Agonistas Adrenérgicos beta/isolamento & purificação , Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão/métodos , Carne/análise , Extração em Fase Sólida/métodos , Espectrometria de Massas em Tandem/métodos , Drogas Veterinárias/isolamento & purificação , Compostos de Anilina/análise , Compostos de Anilina/isolamento & purificação , Animais , Clembuterol/análogos & derivados , Clembuterol/análise , Clembuterol/isolamento & purificação , Resíduos de Drogas/química , Resíduos de Drogas/isolamento & purificação , Etanolaminas/análise , Etanolaminas/isolamento & purificação , Contaminação de Alimentos/análise , Limite de Detecção , Nanofibras/análise , Polímeros/análise , Poliestirenos/química , Extração em Fase Sólida/instrumentação , Suínos , Drogas Veterinárias/químicaRESUMO
A total of 11 different commercial activated carbons (AC) with well characterized textural properties and oxygen surface content were tested as adsorbents for the removal of aniline as a target water pollutant. The maximum adsorption capacity of aniline for the studied AC was from 138.9 to 257.9 mg g(-1) at 296.15 K and it was observed to be strongly related to the textural properties of the AC, mainly with the BET surface area and the micropore volume. It was not observed any influence of the oxygen surface content of the AC on the maximum adsorption capacity. However, it was found that at low aniline aqueous concentration, the presence of oxygen surface groups plays a dominant role during the adsorption. A high concentration of oxygen surface groups, mainly carboxylic and phenolic groups, decreases the aniline adsorption regardless of the surface area of the AC.
Assuntos
Compostos de Anilina/química , Carvão Vegetal/química , Oxigênio/química , Poluentes Químicos da Água/química , Adsorção , Compostos de Anilina/isolamento & purificação , Fenóis/química , Soluções , Propriedades de Superfície , Água/química , Poluentes Químicos da Água/isolamento & purificação , Purificação da ÁguaRESUMO
A new lanthanide metal-organic frameworks NKU-1 have successfully incorporated into poly (BMA-co-EDMA) monolith and evaluated by capillary electrochromatography (CEC). Lanthanide metal-organic frameworks [Eu2(ABTC)1.5(H2O)3(DMA)] (NKU-1) were synthesized by self-assembly of Eu(III) ions and 3,3',5,5'-azo benzene tetracarboxylic acid ligands have been fabricated into poly(BMA-co-EDMA) monoliths. 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate and N,N-dimethylformamide were developed as binary porogen obtaining homogeneous dispersibility for NKU-1 and high permeability for monolithic column. The successful incorporation of NKU-1 into poly(BMA-co-EDMA) was confirmed and characterized by FT-IR spectra, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, energy dispersive spectrometer area scanning, and transmission electron microscopy. Separation ability of the NKU-1-poly (BMA-co-EDMA) monoliths was demonstrated by separating four groups of analytes in CEC, including alkylbenzenes, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, aniline series and naphthyl substitutes. Compared with bare monolithic (column efficiency of 100,000plates/m), the NKU-1-poly (BMA-co-EDMA) monoliths have displayed greater column efficiency (maximum 210,000plates/m) and higher permeability, as well as less peak tailing. The results showed that the NKU-1-poly (BMA-co-EDMA) monoliths are promising stationary phases for CEC separations.
Assuntos
Eletrocromatografia Capilar/métodos , Elementos da Série dos Lantanídeos/química , Compostos de Anilina/química , Compostos de Anilina/isolamento & purificação , Dimetilformamida/química , Imidazóis/química , Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura , Microscopia Eletrônica de Transmissão , Permeabilidade , Hidrocarbonetos Policíclicos Aromáticos/química , Hidrocarbonetos Policíclicos Aromáticos/isolamento & purificação , Espectroscopia de Infravermelho com Transformada de Fourier , Difração de Raios XRESUMO
The coextraction of acidic and basic compounds from different mediums is a significant concept in sample preparation. In this work, simultaneous extraction of acidic, basic, and neutral analytes in a single step was carried out for the first time. This procedure employed the dispersive solid-phase microextraction of analytes with magnetic graphene oxide (graphene oxide/Fe3 O4 ) sorbent followed by gas chromatography with flame ionization detection. After the adsorption of analytes by vortexing and decantation of the supernatant with a magnet, the sorbent was eluted with acetonitrile/methanol (2:1) mixture. The parameters affecting the extraction efficiency were optimized and obtained as follows: sorbent amount 60 mg, desorption time 1 min, extraction time 5 min, pH of the sample 7, sample volume 20 mL, and elution solvent volume 0.3 mL. Under the optimum conditions, linear dynamic ranges were achieved in the range of 0.5-4, 0.25-4, and 0.25-2 µg/mL and limits of detection were 0.341, 0.110, and 0.167 µg/mL for aniline, phenol, and naphthalene, respectively. The relative standard deviations were in the range of 3.3-5.7% in eight repeated extractions. Finally, the applicability of the method was evaluated by the extraction and determination of analytes in stream water and drinking water samples and satisfactory results were obtained.