Who Guidelines for malaria

Malaria continues to cause unacceptably high levels of disease and death, as documented in successive editions of the World malaria report [3]. According to the latest report, there were an estimated 247 million cases and 619 000 deaths globally in 2021. Malaria is preventable and treatable, and the global priority is to reduce the burden of disease and death while retaining the long-term vision of malaria eradication. Here, we present the WHO Guidelines for malaria developed by the WHO Global Malaria Programme as a comprehensive and inclusive resource for advice on malaria.

A clínica psicanalítica das urgências subjetivas no hospital universitário: construção de um caso clínico / Psychoanalysis of subjective urgencies at a university hospital: construing a clinical case / La clínica psicoanalítica de urgencias subjetivas en el hospital universitario: construcción de un caso clínico

O hospital constitui-se como um contexto em que a urgência subjetiva pode vir a se apresentar de forma frequente, instaurando, para cada sujeito, uma vivência de angústia. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi investigar as possibilidades para uma clínica das urgências subjetivas no contexto de um hospital universitário em Salvador, considerando as vivências em uma residência multiprofissional. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa de caráter exploratório, em que se realizou revisão teórica sobre o tema e se construiu um caso clínico, sob orientação psicanalítica. A escolha do caso baseou-se na escuta clínica ao longo dos atendimentos e da atuação em equipe multiprofissional, considerando os impasses ao longo do tratamento. Foram utilizados registros documentais produzidos pela psicóloga residente ao longo dos atendimentos, que ocorreram durante três meses. Os resultados apontam para as contribuições da escuta psicanalítica no tratamento das urgências e na atuação em equipe multiprofissional no contexto hospitalar. A subjetivação da urgência permitiu, no caso em questão, um tratamento pela palavra do que havia incidido diretamente no corpo como fenômeno. Conclui-se pela relevância em discutir o tema da urgência e suscitar novas pesquisas, reintroduzindo no contexto hospitalar a questão sobre a subjetividade.(AU)

Hospitals are contexts in which subjective urgency can frequently materialize, triggering an experience of anguish for each subject. Hence, this research investigates the possibilities of establishing a subjective urgency clinic at a university hospital in Salvador, considering the experiences in a multidisciplinary residence. A qualitative, exploratory research was conducted by means of a theoretical review on the topic and construction of a clinical case, under psychoanalytical advisement. The case was chosen based on clinical listening during the sessions and performance in a multidisciplinary team, considering the obstacles for long-term treatment. Data were collected from documentary records produced by the resident psychologist during three months. Results point to the contributions of psychoanalytic listening to treating subjective urgencies and to the performance of a multidisciplinary team in the hospital context. In the case in question, subjectivation of urgency allowed a treatment through the word of affecting phenomenon. In conclusion, discussing urgency and conducting further research, are fundamental to reintroduce subjectivity in the hospital context.(AU)

El hospital es un contexto en el que frecuentemente se puede percibir una urgencia subjetiva, estableciendo una experiencia de angustia para cada sujeto. El objetivo de esta investigación fue investigar las posibilidades de una clínica de urgencia subjetiva en el contexto de un hospital universitario en Salvador (Brasil), considerando las experiencias en una Residencia Multiprofesional. Se trata de una investigación cualitativa, de carácter exploratorio, en la que se realizó una revisión teórica sobre el tema y construcción de un caso clínico, con orientación psicoanalítica. La elección del caso se basó en la escucha clínica a lo largo de las sesiones y actuación en un equipo multidisciplinar, considerando los impasses para el tratamiento a largo plazo. Se utilizaron registros documentales elaborados por el psicólogo residente, durante las atenciones, que se realizaron durante tres meses. Los resultados apuntan a las contribuciones de la escucha psicoanalítica en el tratamiento de urgencias y en la actuación de un equipo multidisciplinario en el contexto hospitalario. La subjetivación de la urgencia permitió, en el caso en cuestión, un tratamiento a través de la palabra de lo que había afectado directamente al cuerpo como fenómeno. Se concluye que es relevante discutir el tema de la urgencia y plantear nuevas investigaciones, reintroduciendo el tema de la subjetividad en el contexto hospitalario.(AU)

The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices' Recommendation for Use of Moderna COVID-19 Vaccine in Adults Aged ≥18 Years and Considerations for Extended Intervals for Administration of Primary Series Doses of mRNA COVID-19 Vaccines - United States, February 2022.

The mRNA-1273 (Moderna) COVID-19 vaccine is a lipid nanoparticle-encapsulated, nucleoside-modified mRNA vaccine encoding the stabilized prefusion spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19. During December 2020, the vaccine was granted Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) issued an interim recommendation for use among persons aged ≥18 years (1), which was adopted by CDC. During December 19, 2020-January 30, 2022, approximately 204 million doses of Moderna COVID-19 vaccine were administered in the United States (2) as a primary series of 2 intramuscular doses (100 µg [0.5 mL] each) 4 weeks apart. On January 31, 2022, FDA approved a Biologics License Application (BLA) for use of the Moderna COVID-19 vaccine (Spikevax, ModernaTX, Inc.) in persons aged ≥18 years (3). On February 4, 2022, the ACIP COVID-19 Vaccines Work Group conclusions regarding recommendations for the use of the Moderna COVID-19 vaccine were presented to ACIP at a public meeting. The Work Group's deliberations were based on the Evidence to Recommendation (EtR) Framework,* which incorporates the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach† to rank evidence quality. In addition to initial clinical trial data, ACIP considered new information gathered in the 12 months since issuance of the interim recommendations, including additional follow-up time in the clinical trial, real-world vaccine effectiveness studies, and postauthorization vaccine safety monitoring. ACIP also considered comparisons of mRNA vaccine effectiveness and safety in real-world settings when first doses were administered 8 weeks apart instead of the original intervals used in clinical trials (3 weeks for BNT162b2 [Pfizer-BioNTech] COVID-19 vaccine and 4 weeks for Moderna COVID-19 vaccine). Based on this evidence, CDC has provided guidance that an 8-week interval might be optimal for some adolescents and adults. The additional information gathered since the issuance of the interim recommendations increased certainty that the benefits of preventing symptomatic and asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection, hospitalization, and death outweigh vaccine-associated risks of the Moderna COVID-19 vaccine. On February 4, 2022, ACIP modified its interim recommendation to a standard recommendation§ for use of the fully licensed Moderna COVID-19 vaccine in persons aged ≥18 years.

Diretrizes Brasileiras para o tratamento farmacológico de pacientes hospitalizados com COVID-19: Diretriz conjunta da Associação Brasileira de Medicina de Emergência, Associação de Medicina Intensiva Brasileira, Associação Médica Brasileira, Sociedade Brasileira de Angiologia e Cirurgia Vascular, Sociedade Brasileira de Infectologia, Sociedade Brasileira de Pneumologia e Tisiologia e Sociedade Brasileira de Reumatologia / Brazilian Guidelines for the pharmacological treatment of patients hospitalized with COVID-19: Joint guideline of Associação Brasileira de Medicina de Emergência, Associação de Medicina Intensiva Brasileira, Associação Médica Brasileira, Sociedade Brasileira de Angiologia e Cirurgia Vascular, Sociedade Brasileira de Infectologia, Sociedade Brasileira de Pneumologia e Tisiologia, Sociedade Brasileira de Reumatologia

Há diversas terapias sendo utilizadas ou propostas para a COVID-19, muitas carecendo de apropriada avaliação de efetividade e segurança. O propósito deste documento é elaborar recomendações para subsidiar decisões sobre o tratamento farmacológico de pacientes hospitalizados com COVID-19 no Brasil. Métodos: Um grupo de 27 membros, formado por especialistas, representantes do Ministério da Saúde e metodologistas, integra essa diretriz. Foi utilizado o método de elaboração de diretrizes rápidas, tomando por base a adoção e/ou a adaptação de recomendações a partir de diretrizes internacionais existentes (GRADE ADOLOPMENT), apoiadas pela plataforma e-COVID-19 RecMap. A qualidade das evidências e a elaboração das recomendações seguiram o método GRADE. Resultados: Foram geradas 16 recomendações. Entre elas, estão recomendações fortes para o uso de corticosteroides em pacientes em uso de oxigênio suplementar, para o uso de anticoagulantes em doses de profilaxia para tromboembolismo e para não uso de antibacterianos nos pacientes sem suspeita de infecção bacteriana. Não foi possível fazer uma recomendação quanto à utilização do tocilizumabe em pacientes hospitalizados com COVID-19 em uso de oxigênio, pelas incertezas na disponibilidade e de acesso ao medicamento. Foi feita recomendação para não usar azitromicina, casirivimabe + imdevimabe, cloroquina, colchicina, hidroxicloroquina, ivermectina, lopinavir/ ritonavir, plasma convalescente e rendesivir. Conclusão: Até o momento, poucas terapias se provaram efetivas no tratamento do paciente hospitalizado com COVID-19, sendo recomendados apenas corticosteroides e profilaxia para tromboembolismo. Diversos medicamentos foram considerados ineficazes, devendo ser descartados, de forma a oferecer o melhor tratamento pelos princípios da medicina baseada em evidências e promover economia de recursos não eficazes.

Several therapies are being used or proposed for COVID-19, and many lack appropriate evaluations of their effectiveness and safety. The purpose of this document is to develop recommendations to support decisions regarding the pharmacological treatment of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in Brazil. Methods: A group of 27 experts, including representatives of the Ministry of Health and methodologists, created this guideline. The method used for the rapid development of guidelines was based on the adoption and/or adaptation of existing international guidelines (GRADE ADOLOPMENT) and supported by the e-COVID-19 RecMap platform. The quality of the evidence and the preparation of the recommendations followed the GRADE method. Results: Sixteen recommendations were generated. They include strong recommendations for the use of corticosteroids in patients using supplemental oxygen, the use of anticoagulants at prophylactic doses to prevent thromboembolism and the nonuse of antibiotics in patients without suspected bacterial infection. It was not possible to make a recommendation regarding the use of tocilizumab in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 using oxygen due to uncertainties regarding the availability of and access to the drug. Strong recommendations against the use of hydroxychloroquine, convalescent plasma, colchicine, lopinavir + ritonavir and antibiotics in patients without suspected bacterial infection and also conditional recommendations against the use of casirivimab + imdevimab, ivermectin and rendesivir were made. Conclusion: To date, few therapies have proven effective in the treatment of hospitalized patients with COVID-19, and only corticosteroids and prophylaxis for thromboembolism are recommended. Several drugs were considered ineffective and should not be used to provide the best treatment according to the principles of evidence-based medicine and promote economical resource use.

Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices Recommended Immunization Schedule for Children and Adolescents Aged 18 Years or Younger - United States, 2022.

At its November 2021 meeting, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices* (ACIP) approved the Recommended Child and Adolescent Immunization Schedule for Ages 18 Years or Younger-United States, 2022. The 2022 child and adolescent immunization schedule, found on the CDC immunization schedule website (https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/schedules), summarizes ACIP recommendations, including several changes from the 2021 immunization schedule† on the cover page, tables, and notes. The 2022 child and adolescent schedule also includes a newly created appendix that lists the contraindications and precautions for all vaccine types in the schedule. Health care providers are advised to use the tables, notes, and appendix together. This immunization schedule is recommended by ACIP (https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/acip) and approved by CDC (https://www.cdc.gov), the American Academy of Pediatrics (https://www.aap.org), the American Academy of Family Physicians (https://www.aafp.org), the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (http://www.acog.org), the American College of Nurse-Midwives (https://www.midwife.org), the American Academy of Physician Associates (https://www.aapa.org), and the National Association of Pediatric Nurse Practitioners (https://www.napnap.org).

Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices Recommended Immunization Schedule for Adults Aged 19 Years or Older - United States, 2022.

At its November 2021 meeting, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices* (ACIP) approved the Recommended Adult Immunization Schedule for Ages 19 Years or Older, United States, 2022. The 2022 adult immunization schedule summarizes ACIP recommendations, including several changes to the cover page, tables, and notes from the 2021 immunization schedule.† In addition, the 2022 adult immunization schedule provides an appendix that lists the contraindications to and precautions for all routinely recommended vaccines in the schedule. This schedule can be found on the CDC immunization schedule website (https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/schedules). Health care providers are advised to use the cover page, tables, notes, and appendix together. This adult immunization schedule is recommended by ACIP (https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/acip) and approved by CDC (https://www.cdc.gov), the American College of Physicians (https://www.acponline.org), the American Academy of Family Physicians (https://www.aafp.org), the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (https://www.acog.org), the American College of Nurse-Midwives (https://www.midwife.org), the American Academy of Physician Associates (https://www.aapa.org), and the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (https://www.shea-online.org).

Antigen Test Positivity After COVID-19 Isolation - Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta Region, Alaska, January-February 2022.

Isolation is recommended during acute infection with SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, but the duration of infectiousness varies among individual persons. Rapid antigen test results have been correlated with detection of viable virus (1-3) and might inform isolation guidance, but data are limited for the recently emerged SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.529 (Omicron) variant. On January 5, 2022, the Yukon-Kuskokwim Health Corporation (YKHC) recommended that persons with SARS-CoV-2 infection isolate for 10 days after symptom onset (or, for asymptomatic persons, 10 days after a positive nucleic acid amplification or antigen test result). However, isolation could end after 5-9 days if symptoms were resolving or absent, fever was absent for ≥24 hours without fever-reducing medications, and an Abbott BinaxNOW COVID-19 Ag (BinaxNOW) rapid antigen test result was negative. Antigen test results and associated individual characteristics were analyzed among 3,502 infections reported to YKHC during January 1-February 9, 2022. After 5-9 days, 396 of 729 persons evaluated (54.3%) had a positive antigen test result, with a declining percentage positive over time. In a multivariable model, a positive antigen test result was more likely after 5 days compared with 9 days (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 6.39) or after symptomatic infection (aOR = 9.63), and less likely after previous infection (aOR = 0.30), receipt of a primary COVID-19 vaccination series (aOR = 0.60), or after both previous infection and receipt of a primary COVID-19 vaccination series (aOR = 0.17). Antigen tests might be a useful tool to guide recommendations for isolation after SARS-CoV-2 infection. During the 10 days after infection, persons might be infectious to others and are recommended to wear a well-fitting mask when around others, even if ending isolation after 5 days.

Use of Ebola Vaccine: Expansion of Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices To Include Two Additional Populations - United States, 2021.

On December 19, 2019, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved rVSVΔG-ZEBOV-GP Ebola vaccine (ERVEBO, Merck) for the prevention of Ebola virus disease (EVD) caused by infection with Ebola virus, species Zaire ebolavirus, in adults aged ≥18 years. In February 2020, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) recommended preexposure vaccination with ERVEBO for adults aged ≥18 years in the United States who are at highest risk for potential occupational exposure to Ebola virus because they are responding to an outbreak of EVD, work as health care personnel at federally designated Ebola treatment centers in the United States, or work as laboratorians or other staff members at biosafety level 4 facilities in the United States (1).

Diretrizes do Sistema Único de Saúde

Página contém a relação das diretrizes de saúde produzidas pelo Ministério da Saúde

Use of 15-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine and 20-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Among U.S. Adults: Updated Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices - United States, 2022.

In 2021, 20-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) (PCV20) (Wyeth Pharmaceuticals LLC, a subsidiary of Pfizer Inc.) and 15-valent PCV (PCV15) (Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp.) were licensed by the Food and Drug Administration for adults aged ≥18 years, based on studies that compared antibody responses to PCV20 and PCV15 with those to 13-valent PCV (PCV13) (Wyeth Pharmaceuticals LLC, a subsidiary of Pfizer Inc.). Antibody responses to two additional serotypes included in PCV15 were compared to corresponding responses after PCV13 vaccination, and antibody responses to seven additional serotypes included in PCV20 were compared with those to the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23) (Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp.). On October 20, 2021, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) recommended use of either PCV20 alone or PCV15 in series with PPSV23 for all adults aged ≥65 years, and for adults aged 19-64 years with certain underlying medical conditions or other risk factors* who have not previously received a PCV or whose previous vaccination history is unknown. ACIP employed the Evidence to Recommendation (EtR) framework,† using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE)§ approach to guide its deliberations regarding use of these vaccines. Before this, PCV13 and PPSV23 were recommended for use for U.S. adults and the recommendations varied by age and risk groups. This was simplified in the new recommendations.

What is an appropriate caesarean delivery rate for China: a multicentre survey.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the current status of caesarean delivery (CD) in China, propose reference CD rates for China overall, and by regions, investigate the main indications for CDs and identify possible areas for safe reduction. DESIGN: A multicentre cross-sectional study. SETTING: A total of 94 hospitals across 23 provinces in China. POPULATION: A total of 73 977 randomly selected deliveries. METHODS: We used a modified Robson classification to characterise CDs in subgroups and by regions, and the World Health Organization (WHO) C-Model to calculate reference CD rates. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: CD rates in China. RESULTS: In 2015-2016, the overall CD rate in China was 38.9% (95% CI 38.6-39.3%). Considering the obstetric characteristics of the population, the multivariable model-based reference CD rate was estimated at 28.5% (95% CI 28.3-28.8%). Accordingly, an absolute reduction of 10.4% (or 26.7% relative reduction) may be considered. The CD rate varied substantially by region. Previous CD was the most common indication in all regions, accounting for 38.2% of all CDs, followed by maternal request (9.8%), labour dystocia (8.3%), fetal distress (7.7%) and malpresentation (7.6%). Overall, 12.7% of women had prelabour CDs, contributing to 32.8% of the total CDs. CONCLUSIONS: Nearly 39% of births were delivered by caesarean in China but a reduction of this rate by a quarter may be considered attainable. Repeat CD contributed more than one-third of the total CDs. Given the large variation in maternal characteristics, region-specific or even hospital-specific reference CD rates are needed for precision management of CD. TWEETABLE ABSTRACT: The caesarean rate in 2015-2016 in China was 38.9%, whereas the reference rate was 28.5%.

Increasing Preparedness for Extreme Events using Plausibility-Based Scenario Planning: Lessons from COVID-19.

A striking feature of COVID-19 is many countries' low level of preparedness for it, despite pandemics being a known threat. This raises a question as to the reasons for this underpreparedness. While preparedness should have better reflected pandemics' long-run inevitability and potentially catastrophic impact, government-planning horizons are short term, and the attentiveness of policymakers is bounded and subject to multiple demands. Preparedness is therefore affected by the fundamental uncertainty surrounding the exact nature, timing, and impact of a pandemic. While a subjective probability is attributable to such an event's occurrence, just like it is any other, if founded on scant knowledge and perceived as being low it may inhibit preparedness. Under such circumstances, preparedness may be better served by a focus on plausibility. Moreover, any tendency for policymakers to disregard highly uncertain, low-probability, yet highly impactful events of this type is exacerbated by their "fat-tailed" distribution, which obscures their potential extremity. This article considers how plausibility-based scenario planning can increase preparedness for extreme events like a global pandemic, thereby reducing overconfidence in continued business-as-usual in their face, and emphasizing precaution in their wake. In so doing, the article contributes to what in this journal has recently been called "type B," "generic and fundamental" risk science, which is concerned with identifying better ways to present and communicate uncertainties. In focusing on plausibility-based scenario planning, the article highlights a method seldom previously discussed in relation to risk science, yet one that can contribute much to this type B component of it.

The Project Appropriate Birth and a reduction in caesarean section rates: an analysis using the Robson classification system.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to assess caesarean section (CS) rates before and after the implementation of the Project Appropriate Birth (PPA), based on the Robson ten group classification system. DESIGN: A before-and-after study. SETTING: Maternity hospital in South Brazil. POPULATION: All pregnant women attending from April 2016 to April 2017 (period 1, pre-implementation of PPA) and from June 2017 to June 2018 (period 2, post-implementation of PPA). METHODS: Maternal and obstetric characteristics were evaluated, including Robson's classification, based on the characteristics of pregnancy and childbirth. A chi-square test and crude and adjusted relative rates were used to analyse the study variables. The significance level was set at 5%. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The CS rate for each group, their contribution to the overall CS rate and the differences in these contributions before and after PPA implementation. RESULTS: The CS rates decreased from 62.4 to 55.6%, which represented a 10.9% reduction after the implementation of the PPA. Pregnant women in Robson classification groups 1-4 had a 21.4% reduction in CS rates, ranging from 49.1 to 38.6%. The greatest contributors to the overall CS rates were group 5 and group 2, accounting for more than 60% of the CS deliveries. CONCLUSION: The study results suggest that Project Appropriate Birth had an impact on the reduction of CS rates, especially in Robson classification groups 1 through 4, which indicates that providing mothers with evidence-based interventions for labour and childbirth assistance contributed to reduce CS rates. TWEETABLE ABSTRACT: The Project Appropriate Birth is an innovative project that has demonstrated promising results, suggesting that interventions based on scientific evidence can lead to real changes in childbirth care, contributing to reduce CS rates. The aim of the PPA is to promote activities to improve childbirth care and encourage vaginal delivery. In this study, 6238 pregnant women admitted to the hospital for delivery were included and classified into one of the Robson 10-group classification. Findings revealed a 10.9% reduction in the overall CS rate and a 21.4% reduction for pregnant women in Robson classification groups 1 through 4, after the implementation of the PPA.

Manual de Processos Educacionais em Saúde / Manual of Educational Processes in Health

O documento "Manual de Processos Educacionais em Saúde" elaborado pela Escola Tocantinense do Sistema Único de Saúde Dr. Gismar Gomes é composto por cinco capítulos que abordam diferentes aspectos da regulamentação, organização e execução de processos educacionais na área da saúde. A seguir, um resumo dos principais tópicos de cada capítulo: Capítulo I - Comitê de Regulação dos Processos Educacionais em Saúde (CREPES) Neste capítulo, é discutida a estrutura e o papel do Comitê de Regulação dos Processos Educacionais em Saúde (CREPES). O CREPES tem a responsabilidade de supervisionar e regular os processos educacionais na área da saúde, garantindo a qualidade e adequação dos cursos e atividades oferecidos pela Escola Tocantinense do SUS Dr. Gismar Gomes. Capítulo II - Operacionalização de Processos Seletivos. O segundo capítulo aborda a organização e execução dos processos seletivos para ingresso nos cursos e atividades oferecidos pela Escola. São detalhados os procedimentos para inscrição, seleção dos candidatos, critérios de avaliação e demais etapas do processo seletivo. Capítulo III - Execução dos Processos Educacionais em Saúde. Neste capítulo, são apresentadas as diretrizes e orientações para a execução dos processos educacionais na área da saúde. São abordados temas como a organização dos cursos, o planejamento das atividades, a metodologia de ensino, o monitoramento do progresso dos participantes e a avaliação do desempenho educacional. Capítulo IV - Certificação dos Processos Educacionais em Saúde. O quarto capítulo trata da certificação dos participantes dos processos educacionais. São detalhados os critérios para a concessão dos certificados, a validade dos documentos, os procedimentos de registro e emissão, bem como as responsabilidades da Escola e dos participantes nesse processo. Capítulo V - Pagamento de Hora-Aula para Servidor Público, O último capítulo aborda o pagamento de hora-aula para servidores públicos que atuam como instrutores ou facilitadores nos processos educacionais. São apresentadas as diretrizes e critérios para o cálculo e pagamento dessas horas-aula, levando em consideração a participação dos servidores como docentes. O "Manual de Processos Educacionais em Saúde" é uma publicação da Escola Tocantinense do Sistema Único de Saúde Dr. Gismar Gomes, em sua 3ª edição, e visa oferecer diretrizes claras e transparentes para a organização e execução de atividades educacionais na área da saúde.

The document "Manual of Educational Processes in Health" prepared by the Tocantinense School of the Unified Health System Dr. Gismar Gomes is composed of five chapters that address different aspects of regulation, organization, and execution of educational processes in the healthcare field. Below is a summary of the main topics of each chapter: Chapter I - Committee for Regulation of Educational Processes in Health (CREPES) In this chapter, the structure and role of the Committee for Regulation of Educational Processes in Health (CREPES) are discussed. The CREPES is responsible for supervising and regulating educational processes in the healthcare area, ensuring the quality and adequacy of courses and activities offered by the Tocantinense School of SUS Dr. Gismar Gomes. Chapter II - Operationalization of Selection Processes. The second chapter addresses the organization and execution of selection processes for enrollment in courses and activities offered by the School. Procedures for registration, candidate selection, evaluation criteria, and other stages of the selection process are detailed. Chapter III - Execution of Educational Processes in Health. In this chapter, guidelines and instructions for the execution of educational processes in the healthcare field are presented. Topics such as course organization, activity planning, teaching methodology, monitoring of participants' progress, and evaluation of educational performance are discussed. Chapter IV - Certification of Educational Processes in Health. The fourth chapter deals with the certification of participants in educational processes. The criteria for awarding certificates, validity of documents, registration and issuance procedures, as well as the responsibilities of the School and participants in this process, are detailed. Chapter V - Payment of Hourly Wage for Public Servants. The last chapter addresses the payment of hourly wages for public servants who act as instructors or facilitators in educational processes. Guidelines and criteria for calculating and paying these hourly wages, taking into account the participation of the servants as educators, are presented. The "Manual of Educational Processes in Health" is a publication of the Tocantinense School of the Unified Health System Dr. Gismar Gomes, in its 3rd edition, and aims to provide clear and transparent guidelines for the organization and execution of educational activities in the healthcare field.

El documento "Manual de Procesos Educativos en Salud" elaborado por la Escuela Tocantinense del Sistema Único de Salud Dr. Gismar Gomes está compuesto por cinco capítulos que abordan diferentes aspectos de la regulación, organización y ejecución de procesos educativos en el campo de la salud. A continuación, se presenta un resumen de los temas principales de cada capítulo: Capítulo I - Comité de Regulación de Procesos Educativos en Salud (CREPES). En este capítulo, se discute la estructura y el papel del Comité de Regulación de Procesos Educativos en Salud (CREPES). El CREPES es responsable de supervisar y regular los procesos educativos en el área de la salud, garantizando la calidad y adecuación de los cursos y actividades ofrecidos por la Escuela Tocantinense del SUS Dr. Gismar Gomes. Capítulo II - Operacionalización de Procesos de Selección. El segundo capítulo aborda la organización y ejecución de procesos de selección para la inscripción en cursos y actividades ofrecidos por la Escuela. Se detallan los procedimientos de inscripción, selección de candidatos, criterios de evaluación y otras etapas del proceso de selección. Capítulo III - Ejecución de Procesos Educativos en Salud. En este capítulo, se presentan directrices e instrucciones para la ejecución de procesos educativos en el campo de la salud. Se abordan temas como la organización de cursos, la planificación de actividades, la metodología de enseñanza, el seguimiento del progreso de los participantes y la evaluación del desempeño educativo. Capítulo IV - Certificación de Procesos Educativos en Salud. El cuarto capítulo se ocupa de la certificación de los participantes en los procesos educativos. Se detallan los criterios para otorgar certificados, la validez de los documentos, los procedimientos de registro y emisión, así como las responsabilidades de la Escuela y los participantes en este proceso. Capítulo V - Pago de Hora-Aula para Servidores Públicos. El último capítulo aborda el pago de hora-aula para servidores públicos que actúan como instructores o facilitadores en procesos educativos. Se presentan directrices y criterios para el cálculo y pago de estas horas-aula, teniendo en cuenta la participación de los servidores como docentes. El "Manual de Procesos Educativos en Salud" es una publicación de la Escuela Tocantinense del Sistema Único de Salud Dr. Gismar Gomes, en su 3ª edición, y tiene como objetivo proporcionar directrices claras y transparentes para la organización y ejecución de actividades educativas en el campo de la salud.

Indicadores de saúde mental para a Rede de Atenção Psicossocial brasileira: uma proposta / Mental Health Indicators for the Brazilian Psychosocial Care Network: A proposal / Indicadores de salud mental para la Red Brasileña de Atención Psicosocial: una propuesta

Resumo Objetivo: propor indicadores de saúde mental destinados a gestão da Rede de Atenção em saúde mental, a começar da convergência da sua utilização, em países com organização pública de saúde. Método: análise exploratória dos indicadores, adotados e utilizados nesses países, a partir da análise detalhada dos seus respectivos documentos normativos, considerando as orientações da Organização Mundial de Saúde. Após a seleção dos indicadores, adotou-se a Matriz de Saúde Mental como sugestão para seu desenvolvimento e aplicação na Rede de Atenção Psicossocial brasileira. Respeitando os critérios de inclusão e exclusão dos indicadores estudados, a matriz foi construída, em duas dimensões: geográfica: (nacional/regional, local, individual) e temporal (entrada, processo e resultados). Resultados: a análise aponta 41 indicadores que apresentaram evidências quanto ao seu uso. Todos foram posicionados na Matriz de Saúde Mental, contribuindo como uma métrica para analisar a finalidade dos serviços de saúde mental, nos níveis e fases de cada dimensão. Conclusão: os indicadores selecionados, distribuídos nas diferentes dimensões da Matriz de Saúde Mental, estão sendo disponibilizados para uso, para a gestão e na prática clínica, bem como para estudos científicos e, num horizonte futuro, para uso como definidor de políticas de saúde mental.

Abstract Objective: to propose Mental Health Indicators aimed at management of the Mental Health Care Network, starting with convergence of their use, in countries with public health organization. Method: an exploratory analysis of the indicators adopted and used in these countries, from the detailed analysis of their respective normative documents, considering the World Health Organization guidelines. After selection of the indicators, the Mental Health Matrix was adopted as a suggestion for their development and application in the Brazilian Psychosocial Care Network. The matrix was prepared in two dimensions, respecting the inclusion and exclusion criteria for the indicators studied, as follows: geographical (national/regional, local, individual), and time (entry, process and results). Results: the analysis indicates 41 indicators that presented diverse evidence regarding their use. All were allocated in the Mental Health Matrix, contributing as a metric to analyze the purpose of the Mental Health services, in the levels and phases of each dimension. Conclusion: the indicators selected, distributed in the different Mental Health Matrix dimensions, are being made available for their use in management and in the clinical practice, as well as for scientific studies and, in the future, to be used as definers of Mental Health policies.

Resumen Objetivo: proponer indicadores de salud mental para la gestión de la Red de Atención en Salud Mental, a partir de la convergencia de uso en países con organización pública de salud. Método: análisis exploratorio de los indicadores que adoptan y utilizan estos países, a partir del análisis detallado de sus respectivos documentos normativos, considerando las directrices de la Organización Mundial de la Salud. Después de seleccionar los indicadores, se sugirió adoptar la Matriz de Salud Mental para desarrollarlos y aplicarlos en la Red Brasileña de Atención Psicosocial. Respetando los criterios de inclusión y exclusión de los indicadores estudiados, la matriz fue construida en dos dimensiones: geográfica (nacional/regional, local, individual) y temporal (entrada, proceso y resultados). Resultados: el análisis indica que 41 indicadores presentaron evidencia de uso. Todos fueron posicionados en la Matriz de Salud Mental, y contribuyeron como métrica para analizar la finalidad de los servicios de salud mental, en los niveles y fases de cada dimensión. Conclusión: los indicadores seleccionados, distribuidos en diferentes dimensiones de la Matriz de Salud Mental, están disponibles para ser utilizados tanto en la gestión y en la práctica clínica, como en estudios científicos y, en un horizonte futuro, para definir políticas de salud mental.

Health care providers' awareness of breastfeeding practice recommendations during COVID-19 pandemic and associated factors in Northwest Ethiopia, 2021: A multicenter study.

BACKGROUND: Prevention of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) transmission to newborns is one of the basic components of perinatal care in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic. As such, scientific evidence is compulsory for evidence-based practices. However, there was a scarcity of evidence on health care providers' awareness of breastfeeding practice recommendations during the COVID-19 pandemic in Ethiopia, particularly in the study setting. OBJECTIVE: The study aimed at assessing healthcare providers' awareness of breastfeeding practice recommendations during the COVID-19 pandemic and associated factors among healthcare providers in northwest Ethiopia, 2021. METHODS: A multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted among 405 healthcare providers working in hospitals of Gondar province from November 15, 2020, to March 10, 2021. A simple random sampling technique was employed to select the study subjects. Data were collected via a structured-self-administered questionnaire. EPI INFO version 7.1.2 and SPSS version 25 were used for data entry and analysis respectively. Binary logistic regression analyses were done to identify associated factors and the adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with its 95% confidence interval (CI) at a p-value of <0.05 was used to declare significant association. RESULTS: The healthcare providers' awareness of breastfeeding practice recommendations during the COVID-19 pandemic was 40.7% (95% CI: 35.9, 45.6). Working in a tertiary hospital (AOR = 3.69; 95% CI: 2.24, 6.08), using COVID-19 guideline updates (AOR = 3.34; 95% CI: 2.1, 5.3), being trained on COVID-19 (AOR = 2.78; 95% CI: 1.74, 4.47), owning a smartphone and/or a computer (AOR = 2.26; 95% CI: 1.39, 3.68), and perceiving that COVID-19 is dangerous (AOR = 1.78; 95% CI: 1.05, 3.01) were factors positively associated with healthcare providers' awareness of breastfeeding practice recommendations during the pandemic of COVID-19. CONCLUSION: Only two in five healthcare providers were aware of recommendations on breastfeeding practice during the COVID-19 pandemic and related to information of accessibility information on COVID-19. Therefore, expanding COVID-19 related information through the provision of COVID-19 training and guidelines to all levels of hospitals would improve health care providers' awareness of breastfeeding practice recommendations amid the COVID-19 pandemic.

Impacto en el patrón de atención en cirugía de cabeza y cuello y las medidas sanitarias adoptadas durante los primeros 150 días de la era COVID-19 / Impact on the pattern of care in Head and Neck Surgery and the regional and institutional policy changes adopted during the first 150 days of the COVID-19 era

Resumen Introducción: La pandemia COVID-19 generó una reestructuración en la atención quirúrgica mundialmente debido a su alta transmisibilidad y la inherente limitación de los recursos humanos y materiales disponibles. Objetivo: Describir el impacto de la pandemia COVID-19 en el Equipo de Cirugía Cabeza y Cuello del Complejo Asistencial Barros Luco Trudeau (CABL) en su ejecución clínico-quirúrgica y la secuenciación organizada de las medidas sanitarias aplicadas a lo largo del tiempo durante los primeros 150 días de iniciada la pandemia en Chile. Materiales y Método: Realizamos una revisión retrospectiva de los pacientes sometidos a cirugía y/o evaluados ambulatoriamente durante el período COVID-19 comprendido entre el 3 de marzo y el 31 de julio de 2020, comparado con el mismo intervalo de tiempo de 2019. Características clínicas y medidas sanitarias empleadas durante este período fueron sintetizadas. Resultados: Detectamos un descenso del 64% en atención ambulatoria y un descenso del 58% en la carga quirúrgica, comparado con el año 2019. Durante el período COVID-19 de 2020, un total de 61 pacientes fueron sometidos a intervención quirúrgica. La principal indicación de cirugía fue cáncer en un 75,4% (46). No se reportaron pacientes contagiados por COVID-19 en los 14 días siguientes a la hospitalización. Se discuten las consideraciones perioperatorias empleadas y restricciones nacionales/institucionales sanitarias. Conclusión: La crisis sanitaria mundial secundaria al COVID-19 generó una reducción en las atenciones ambulatorias y cirugías realizadas por Equipo de Cabeza y Cuello CABL. A pesar de las restricciones sanitarias, organizamos estratificadamente la atención para preservar la resolución de casos críticos no diferibles en cabeza y cuello.

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic generated a restructuring of surgical care worldwide due to the disease's high transmissibility and the inherent limitation of available human and material resources. Aim: The study's aim was to describe the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the head and neck surgery team at Complejo Asistencial Barros Luco Trudeau (CABL) in clinical-surgical execution and organization of sanitary sequencing measures implemented over time during the first 150 days after the pandemic started in Chile. Materials and Method: We performed a retrospective review of patients undergoing surgery or outpatient evaluation during the COVID-19 period from 03-03-2020 to 07-31-2020, compared to the same time interval in 2019. Clinical characteristics and sanitary measures used during this period were synthesized. Results: We detected a 64% decrease in outpatient care and a 58% decrease in surgical load from 2019. During the COVID-19 period of 2020, a total of 61 patients underwent surgical intervention. The main indication for surgery was cancer, in 75.4% of patients (46). COVID-19 was not reported in any patients in the 14 days following hospitalization. We discussed the perioperative considerations used and the national/institutional sanitary restrictions. Conclusions: The global health crisis to COVID-19 generated a reduction in outpatient care and surgeries performed by the CABL head and neck team. Despite health restrictions, we organized care stratified to preserve critical head and neck non-deferrable cases.