RESUMO
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to determine if paediatric oral health education leaflets with a food and nutritional focus provide messages that are clear and consistent with the current Australian Dietary Guidelines and the Infant Feeding Guidelines. METHODS: Forty-three leaflets aimed at parents were sourced from Australian state and territory Health Departments, oral health industry partners and commercial organisations, and a content analysis was performed. Recommendations on food and drink type, consumption frequency and general diet and nutrition advice were considered and cross-referenced with the Australian Dietary Guidelines and the Infant Feeding Guidelines to identify areas of consistency and discrepancy. RESULTS: Twenty leaflets recommended reducing the consumption of sugary and/or acidic food, while 23 leaflets recommended reducing the consumption of sugary and/or acidic drinks. The majority of the leaflets advised water (n = 35) and milk (n = 23) to drink. Although 33 leaflets encouraged a healthy diet, seven of these did not specify what a healthy diet was. Twenty-eight leaflets provided early childhood-related (0-2 years) feeding advice. Confusing messages were found in nine leaflets, with ambiguous recommendations that were open to individual interpretation. CONCLUSIONS: There were some inconsistencies between the leaflets and the dietary and infant feeding guidelines in Australia; and across the leaflets, as not all important messages were included in any one leaflet. Government Health Departments and other relevant agencies should ensure that advisory messages regarding diet, particularly those with dental implications, are clear, complete and consistent across all dental educational leaflets.
Assuntos
Fenômenos Fisiológicos da Nutrição Infantil , Dieta , Educação em Saúde Bucal/normas , Promoção da Saúde/métodos , Política Nutricional , Higiene Bucal , Adolescente , Austrália , Aleitamento Materno , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Educação em Saúde Bucal/estatística & dados numéricos , Promoção da Saúde/normas , Promoção da Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Humanos , Lactente , Garantia da Qualidade dos Cuidados de SaúdeRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Patients can and do search the Internet for information on various health-related topics. YouTube™ is one popular website they may consult. AIM: To examine the quality of information offered by YouTube™ for patients seeking information on early childhood caries (ECC). DESIGN: YouTube™ was searched for videos on ECC. The usefulness of selected videos in providing adequate information about ECC was evaluated using a 13-point usefulness score. The guidelines of the American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry were used for benchmarking. RESULTS: Most videos were uploaded by healthcare professionals (60%, n = 18). Videos had generally low usefulness scores (mean: 5.1 ± 2.9; range: 1-11). An average YouTube™ video on ECC was viewed two times/day (range: 0.07-34.4 views/day). Less useful videos ranked early on the viewing list, and viewer's interactions with videos were not affected significantly by their usefulness. CONCLUSION: YouTube™ should not be used as a trusted site for educating patients on ECC.
Assuntos
Cárie Dentária , Educação em Saúde Bucal/métodos , Internet , Pais/educação , Pré-Escolar , Informação de Saúde ao Consumidor/normas , Educação em Saúde Bucal/normas , Humanos , Internet/normasRESUMO
AIM: To investigate the knowledge of preschool teachers of early childhood oral health (OH) and its association with demographic and educational characteristics as well as with personal oral health habits and attitudes. METHODS: Teachers (594) of preschool children were invited to complete a questionnaire with 40 questions on demographic data, knowledge of early childhood OH issues, personal OH habits and attitudes, and participation in OH educational programmes at preschools. Statistical analysis included descriptive statistics, Spearman correlation coefficients, multiple linear and logistic regression modelling (p ≤ 0.05). RESULTS: The mean age of participants was 40.9 years (SD 7.5), 68.5% of them had children of their own, 72.6% had not attended any OH educational course during their studies, 70% believed that they had insufficient knowledge to implement an OH educational programme, 44.6% had implemented such a programme, 26.8% knew that the first dental visit should be at a child's first birthday and 36.7% knew the correct age that tooth brushing should start. The most significant factors that influenced overall teachers' knowledge on early childhood oral health were: their participation in OH educational programmes (p < 0.001), their belief that OH courses during their studies were necessary (p = 0.01), their confidence on OH knowledge (p = 0.03) and parenthood (p = 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Based on the results of this study, there was a lack of knowledge among preschool teachers in significant OH issues for that age. Moreover, limitations in implementing OH educational programmes at preschools were attributed mainly to lack of self-confidence in relevant knowledge. Nevertheless, participants acknowledged the significance of OH and were willing to participate in relevant teacher training.
Assuntos
Atitude Frente a Saúde , Demografia , Educação em Saúde Bucal , Saúde Bucal/educação , Professores Escolares , Capacitação de Professores/estatística & dados numéricos , Adulto , Estudos Transversais , Cárie Dentária , Feminino , Comportamentos Relacionados com a Saúde , Educação em Saúde Bucal/normas , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Humanos , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Inquéritos e Questionários , Escovação DentáriaRESUMO
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to describe online recommendations by North and South American National Associations of Pediatric Dentistry (NAPD), intended for laypersons, concerning children's toothbrushing practices. METHODS: In February 2015, the International Association of Pediatric Dentistry (IAPD) website and the Latin American Association of Pediatric Dentistry (ALOP) Facebook webpage were searched to identify which countries had NAPD. Attempts were made to obtain the electronic addresses of ALOP national member societies, and Google and Facebook were used to identify NAPD not found using the previous strategies. RESULTS: Of the 35 countries in North and South America, 19 had NAPD that were shown on the Internet, and 11 of them provided data for the study. All NAPD gave advice on fluoride concentrations in toothpaste and when to start toothbrushing; most made recommendations on the amount of toothpaste, toothbrushing frequency, and when to brush, and a few gave advice on toothbrushing supervision and rinsing after toothbrushing. There was no consensus on most of the recommendations that were evaluated. CONCLUSIONS: Only a few National Associations of Pediatric Dentistry from the Americas provide online information for parents and laypersons concerning children's toothbrushing practices. Of the information provided, some are either controversial, outdated or lack scientific evidence.
Assuntos
Educação a Distância , Educação em Saúde Bucal , Internet , Odontopediatria , Escovação Dentária/métodos , América , Pré-Escolar , Estudos Transversais , Fluoretos/administração & dosagem , Educação em Saúde Bucal/normas , Humanos , Lactente , Pais/educação , Odontopediatria/organização & administração , Cremes Dentais/química , NavegadorRESUMO
BACKGROUND: A previous study has shown that dental practitioners in Benghazi believed that the less prevention-oriented education system is one of the barriers to applying preventive dentistry. OBJECTIVE: To assess attitudes and perceived competence of the dental graduates in Benghazi towards prevention and early management of dental caries. METHODS: A cross-sectional, questionnaire-based survey was conducted among internship students attending the Department of Community and Preventive Dentistry in Faculty of Dentistry, Benghazi, Libya. The participants were asked to provide demographic information, to respond to statements about their attitudes towards preventive dentistry, and to answer questions regarding their perceived competence in applying preventive dentistry procedures. RESULTS: Data from 108 Libyan dental graduates were analysed for this study, of which 64% of them were females and 42.1% of them passed their final year with grade: acceptable. The most acknowledged aspects of preventive dentistry were being useful and essential to the community (95.4 and 90.8%, respectively). The percentage of participants expressing a proficiency in providing oral hygiene instructions was the highest (95.4%). There were differences between study subgroups in their perceived competence of preventive dental practices by gender and academic performance (p≤0.05). CONCLUSION: This study highlighted that the currently implemented undergraduate education programme in Benghazi dental school does not provide dentists with the required attitude and skills to fulfil their role in providing preventive-oriented health services.
Assuntos
Competência Clínica/normas , Cárie Dentária/prevenção & controle , Educação em Saúde Bucal/normas , Odontologia Preventiva/normas , Estudantes de Odontologia , Atitude do Pessoal de Saúde , Estudos Transversais , Cárie Dentária/epidemiologia , Prioridades em Saúde , Humanos , Líbia/epidemiologia , Percepção Social , Estudantes de Odontologia/estatística & dados numéricos , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The objective of this study was to analyse the readability of paediatric oral health education leaflets available in Australia. METHODS: Forty paediatric oral health education materials were analysed for general readability according to the following parameters: Thoroughness; Textual framework; Terminology; and Readability (Flesch-Kincaid grade level (FKGL), Gunning Fog index (Fog) and Simplified Measure of Gobbledygook (SMOG)). RESULTS: Leaflets produced by the industry were among the hardest to read with an average readability at the 8th grade (8.4 ± 0.1). The readability of leaflets produced by the commercial sector was at the 7th grade (7.1 ± 1.7) and the government at the 6th grade (6.3 ± 1.9). The FKGL consistently yielded readabilities 2 grades below the Fog and SMOG indexes. In the content analyses, 14 essential paediatric oral health topics were noted and Early Childhood Caries (ECC) was identified as the most commonly used jargon term. CONCLUSION: Paediatric oral health education materials are readily available, yet their quality and readability vary widely and may be difficult to read for disadvantaged populations in Australia. A redesign of these leaflets while taking literacy into consideration is suggested.
Assuntos
Educação em Saúde Bucal/normas , Letramento em Saúde , Saúde Bucal , Materiais de Ensino/normas , Austrália , Cariostáticos/uso terapêutico , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Compreensão , Assistência Odontológica , Cárie Dentária/prevenção & controle , Dispositivos para o Cuidado Bucal Domiciliar , Dieta , Escolaridade , Fluoretos/uso terapêutico , Humanos , Lactente , Folhetos , Pais/educação , Doenças Periodontais/prevenção & controle , Selantes de Fossas e Fissuras/uso terapêutico , Leitura , Terminologia como Assunto , Erupção Dentária , Traumatismos Dentários/prevenção & controle , Escovação Dentária , Cremes Dentais/uso terapêuticoAssuntos
Auxiliares de Odontologia/estatística & dados numéricos , Educação em Saúde Bucal , Programas de Rastreamento , Odontologia Preventiva , Serviços de Saúde Escolar , Doenças Dentárias , Adolescente , American Dental Association , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Cárie Dentária/complicações , Cárie Dentária/epidemiologia , Cárie Dentária/prevenção & controle , Odontólogos/estatística & dados numéricos , Fluoretação , Educação em Saúde Bucal/legislação & jurisprudência , Educação em Saúde Bucal/organização & administração , Educação em Saúde Bucal/normas , Educação em Saúde Bucal/tendências , Humanos , Renda , Programas de Rastreamento/legislação & jurisprudência , Programas de Rastreamento/normas , Programas de Rastreamento/tendências , Medicaid/economia , Medicaid/legislação & jurisprudência , Medicaid/normas , Medicaid/tendências , Nova Zelândia , Cooperação do Paciente , Prevalência , Odontologia Preventiva/legislação & jurisprudência , Odontologia Preventiva/organização & administração , Odontologia Preventiva/normas , Odontologia Preventiva/tendências , Prevenção Primária/legislação & jurisprudência , Prevenção Primária/organização & administração , Prevenção Primária/normas , Prevenção Primária/tendências , Prática Privada , Mecanismo de Reembolso , Serviços de Saúde Escolar/legislação & jurisprudência , Serviços de Saúde Escolar/organização & administração , Serviços de Saúde Escolar/normas , Serviços de Saúde Escolar/tendências , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Doenças Dentárias/complicações , Doenças Dentárias/epidemiologia , Doenças Dentárias/prevenção & controle , Estados Unidos/epidemiologia , Populações Vulneráveis/legislação & jurisprudência , Populações Vulneráveis/estatística & dados numéricosRESUMO
PURPOSE: To investigate the effects of oral care education on knowledge, attitudes & behavior of caregivers in oral care and oral hygiene for residents in nursing homes. METHODS: In this quasi-experimental study, the intervention group (n=27) of residents received oral care from intervention group caregivers (n=28) who had received 6 weeks of oral care education. The control group (n=27) of residents received usual oral care from control group caregivers (n=26). Data on knowledge, attitude, and behavioral change in oral health care by the caregivers and plaque index & halitosis of the residents were collected. Data were analyzed using SPSS WIN 16.0. RESULTS: 1) Scores on caregivers' knowledge (p<.001) and behavior (p<.001) for oral care were higher in the intervention group 6 and 12 weeks. The caregivers' attitude (p<.001) score for oral care was higher in the intervention group 12 weeks. 2) The plaque index (p=.004) and halitosis (p=.002) of the nursing home residents were lower in the intervention group than the control group at 6 and 12 weeks. CONCLUSION: Oral care education programs for caregivers are effective in improving the oral hygiene of elderly residents in nursing homes through enhancement of caregivers' knowledge, attitude, and behavioral change.
Assuntos
Atitude do Pessoal de Saúde , Cuidadores/educação , Educação em Saúde Bucal/normas , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Higiene Bucal/enfermagem , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Assistência Odontológica , Índice de Placa Dentária , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Casas de Saúde , Avaliação de Programas e Projetos de SaúdeRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Oral and pharyngeal cancers are responsible for over 7600 deaths each year in the United States. Given the significance of the disease and the fact that many individuals increasingly rely on health information on the Internet, it is important that patients and others can access clear and accurate oral cancer information on the Web. The objective of this study was threefold: (a) develop an initial method to evaluate surface and content quality of selected English- and Spanish-language oral cancer Web sites; (b) conduct a pilot evaluation; and (c) discuss implications of our findings for dental public health. METHODS: We developed a search strategy to find oral cancer sites frequented by the public using Medline Plus, Google, and Yahoo in English and Spanish. We adapted the Information Quality Tool (IQT) to perform a surface evaluation and developed a novel tool to evaluate site content for 24 sites each in English and Spanish. RESULTS: English-language sites had an average IQT score of 76.6 (out of 100) and an average content score of 52.1 (out of 100). Spanish-language sites had an average IQT score of 50.3 and an average content score of 25.6. CONCLUSIONS: The study produced a quality assessment of oral cancer Web sites useful for clinicians and patients. Sites provided more information on clinical presentation, and etiology, and risk factors, than other aspects of oral cancer. The surface and quality of Spanish-language sites was low, possibly putting Hispanic populations at a disadvantage regarding oral cancer information on the Web.
Assuntos
Informação de Saúde ao Consumidor/normas , Educação em Saúde Bucal/normas , Internet/normas , Idioma , Neoplasias Bucais , Revelação , Humanos , Hipermídia , Serviços de Informação/normas , Armazenamento e Recuperação da Informação , Marketing , MedlinePlus , Educação de Pacientes como Assunto , Projetos Piloto , Ferramenta de Busca , Interface Usuário-ComputadorRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Some of the basic dental health practices that are recommended to the public by professionals are not evidence based. Incorrect oral health messages may adversely affect children's oral health behaviours. AIM: To identify and list the recommendations concerning children's oral hygiene practices provided by dental and paediatric organisations, and to assess how these recommendations relate to the scientific evidence currently available. DESIGN: Cross-sectional. The authors contacted professional organisations in ten countries requesting items (brochures, leaflets or folders) containing messages on children's oral hygiene practices. They then listed these recommendations and assessed how they related to scientific evidence obtained from systematic reviews available at PubMed and the Cochrane Library. RESULTS: Fifty-two of 59 (88%) organisations responded to our request and 24 dental health education materials were submitted to the authors. They mentioned recommendations on oral hygiene practices for children, such as toothbrushing frequency, supervision and technique; when to start and how long toothbrushing should last; toothbrush design and replacement; flossing; gums/teeth wiping; tongue cleaning; type and amount of toothpaste and advice on toothpaste ingestion. The search at PubMed and the Cochrane Library resulted in 11 systematic reviews addressing these topics. CONCLUSIONS: Several oral hygiene messages delivered by professional organisations showed inconsistencies and lacked scientific support.
Assuntos
Assistência Odontológica para Crianças/métodos , Odontologia Baseada em Evidências , Educação em Saúde Bucal/normas , Higiene Bucal/educação , Higiene Bucal/métodos , Austrália , Brasil , Canadá , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Estudos Transversais , Finlândia , Humanos , Japão , Pediatria , Literatura de Revisão como Assunto , Países Escandinavos e Nórdicos , Sociedades Odontológicas , Sociedades Médicas , Reino Unido , Estados UnidosRESUMO
BACKGROUND: To address dental workforce shortages in underserved areas in the United States, some States have enacted legislation to make it easier for foreign dental school graduates to become licensed dentists. However, the extent to which foreign dental school graduates will solve the problem of dental workforce shortages is poorly understood. Furthermore, the potential impact that foreign-trained dentists have on improving access to dental care for vulnerable patients living in dental Health Professional Shortage Areas (HPSAs) and those enrolled in public insurance programs, such as Medicaid, is unknown. The objective of this paper is to provide a preliminary understanding of the practice behaviors of foreign-trained dentists. The authors used Washington State as a case study to identify the potential impact foreign dental school graduates have on improving access to dental care for vulnerable populations. The following hypotheses were tested: a) among all newly licensed dentists, foreign-trained dentists are more likely to participate in the Medicaid program than U.S.-trained dentists; and b) among newly licensed dentists who participated in the Medicaid program, foreign-trained dentists are more likely to practice in dental HPSAs than U.S.-trained dentists. METHODS: The authors used dental license and Medicaid license data to compare the proportions of newly licensed, foreign- and U.S.-trained dentists who participated in the Medicaid program and the proportions that practiced in a dental HPSA. RESULTS: Using bivariate analyses, the authors found that a significantly lower proportion of foreign-trained dentists participated in the Medicaid program than U.S.-trained dentists (12.9% and 22.8%, respectively; P = 0.011). Among newly licensed dentists who participated in the Medicaid program, there was no significant difference in the proportions of foreign- and U.S.-trained dentists who practiced in a dental HPSA (P = 0.683). CONCLUSIONS: Legislation that makes it easier for foreign-trained dentists to obtain licensure is unlikely to address dental workforce shortages or improve access to dental care for vulnerable populations in the United States. Licensing foreign dental school graduates in the United States also has ethical implications for the dental workforces in other countries.
Assuntos
Odontólogos/provisão & distribuição , Pessoal Profissional Estrangeiro/estatística & dados numéricos , Acessibilidade aos Serviços de Saúde/normas , Garantia da Qualidade dos Cuidados de Saúde/métodos , Adulto , Odontólogos/economia , Feminino , Educação em Saúde Bucal/normas , Humanos , Licenciamento em Odontologia/classificação , Licenciamento em Odontologia/estatística & dados numéricos , Masculino , Medicaid/economia , Medicaid/organização & administração , Área Carente de Assistência Médica , Estudos de Casos Organizacionais , Área de Atuação Profissional/estatística & dados numéricos , Mecanismo de Reembolso , Serviços de Saúde Rural/estatística & dados numéricos , Estados Unidos , Serviços Urbanos de Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Populações Vulneráveis , WashingtonRESUMO
The aims of this study were to detect whether recommendations concerning oral hygiene practices for children among Brazilian health agencies are consistent and to verify whether possible inconsistencies in these recommendations might be associated with an apparent gap in the scientific evidence. Fifty-four Brazilian health agencies were contacted by mail or electronic mail and were asked to send any material containing recommendations on oral hygiene practices aimed at children. A search was subsequently carried out on the Cochrane Oral Health Review Group and PubMed-Clinical Queries websites in order to assess the scientific evidence available on this subject. Forty (74%) agencies answered and 21 materials containing oral hygiene recommendations were obtained. Eleven pertinent systematic reviews were identified. This preliminary study detected some conflicting and not evidence-based oral hygiene messages, which emphasizes the need to carry out and disseminate systematic reviews on these controversial issues in order to bridge the gap between knowledge and practice.
Assuntos
Odontologia Baseada em Evidências , Órgãos Governamentais/normas , Educação em Saúde Bucal/normas , Higiene Bucal/normas , Brasil , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Educação em Saúde Bucal/métodos , Humanos , Higiene Bucal/métodosRESUMO
The purpose of this study was to investigate certified diabetes educators' (CDEs) perceptions of the adequacy of their diabetes education curricula in providing oral health information. A questionnaire was mailed to all CDEs with a mailing address in South Carolina (SC), United States (US). Of the 130 respondents, between 50%-60% indicated that they adequately addressed frequent dental visits, daily brushing and flossing, and importance of good oral hygiene. Almost all (93.8%) reported that their curricula did not include an oral health module; the two predominant reasons were: not having enough time (61.0%), and not knowing enough about oral health and its relationship to diabetes (37.0%). Respondents who expressed that they did not know enough about oral health and its relationship to diabetes were less likely to provide adequate 'oral-health-related information' (p=0.008), especially information about the effect of periodontal disease on diabetes (p=0.016). This study indicates that SC CDEs do not routinely provide comprehensive oral health education to people with diabetes primarily due to lack of time and knowledge related to oral health. To better serve their patients, CDEs should integrate oral health education in the diabetes education curriculum.
Assuntos
Diabetes Mellitus/terapia , Educação em Saúde Bucal/normas , Saúde Bucal , Higiene Bucal/educação , Educação de Pacientes como Assunto/normas , Coleta de Dados , Humanos , Autocuidado , Inquéritos e Questionários , EnsinoRESUMO
School and family together play an important role in the individual development of children. Therefore, this study aimed at evaluating the practices and attitudes towards oral health care of 245 education professionals working in 24 public municipal pre-schools in Niterói, State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The data were obtained from self-questionnaires consisting of both open and closed questions. The methodology was both quantitative and qualitative, and the quantitative analysis was based on frequency (%). Regarding oral health practices, it was observed that the majority of the education professionals emphasized toothbrushing as a vital method of oral hygiene. In addition, 70.7% of the education professionals performed other types of oral hygiene activities with the schoolchildren, and 17.1% did so with the children's families. All the participants of the study considered that education professionals have a key role in promoting healthy oral habits amongst the schoolchildren and they believe that involving the dentist in educative programs is important. It was therefore concluded that the education professionals surveyed have positive practices and attitudes regarding the children's care, and they recognize their role in fostering healthy habits and developing integrated pedagogic oral health programs.
Assuntos
Assistência Odontológica para Crianças/normas , Educação em Saúde Bucal/normas , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Promoção da Saúde/normas , Serviços de Saúde Escolar/normas , Ensino/normas , Adulto , Brasil , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Avaliação das Necessidades , Saúde Bucal/normas , Higiene Bucal/educação , Higiene Bucal/normas , Avaliação de Programas e Projetos de Saúde , Serviços de Saúde Escolar/estatística & dados numéricos , Instituições Acadêmicas , Estudantes , Inquéritos e Questionários , Ensino/métodosRESUMO
School and family together play an important role in the individual development of children. Therefore, this study aimed at evaluating the practices and attitudes towards oral health care of 245 education professionals working in 24 public municipal pre-schools in Niterói, State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The data were obtained from self-questionnaires consisting of both open and closed questions. The methodology was both quantitative and qualitative, and the quantitative analysis was based on frequency ( percent). Regarding oral health practices, it was observed that the majority of the education professionals emphasized toothbrushing as a vital method of oral hygiene. In addition, 70.7 percent of the education professionals performed other types of oral hygiene activities with the schoolchildren, and 17.1 percent did so with the children's families. All the participants of the study considered that education professionals have a key role in promoting healthy oral habits amongst the schoolchildren and they believe that involving the dentist in educative programs is important. It was therefore concluded that the education professionals surveyed have positive practices and attitudes regarding the children's care, and they recognize their role in fostering healthy habits and developing integrated pedagogic oral health programs.
Assuntos
Adulto , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Assistência Odontológica para Crianças/normas , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Educação em Saúde Bucal/normas , Promoção da Saúde/normas , Serviços de Saúde Escolar/normas , Ensino/normas , Brasil , Avaliação das Necessidades , Saúde Bucal/normas , Higiene Bucal/educação , Higiene Bucal/normas , Avaliação de Programas e Projetos de Saúde , Instituições Acadêmicas , Estudantes , Inquéritos e Questionários , Serviços de Saúde Escolar/estatística & dados numéricos , Ensino/métodosRESUMO
Oral health promotion effectiveness reviews have identified the need to improve the quality of the evaluation of interventions. A project was undertaken to identify and assess the quality of available outcome measures. This paper describes the methodology adopted and highlights the need for further development of oral health promotion outcome measures. Initially a thorough and comprehensive search of both the published and unpublished literature was undertaken to identify potential outcome measures. A set of quality criteria was then developed and used to assess the identified measures. The search identified a total of 1202 outcome measures of which 39% (n = 466) were developed for use with schoolchildren. A high proportion of the identified measures were classified as health literacy and healthy lifestyle outcomes, appropriate for the evaluation of oral health education activities. Only 1% (n = 12) of measures identified were classified in the healthy public policy category. When reviewed against the quality criteria, 49% (n = 594) of the measures were considered satisfactory. The poorest performing measures were those classified as healthy lifestyle and health literacy measures in which only 33% (n = 72) and 41% (n = 240), respectively, were deemed to be of satisfactory quality. In conclusion, a significant number of oral health promotion evaluation outcome measures have been identified although their quality is highly variable. Very few high-quality outcome measures exist for use in the evaluation of oral health policy and environmental interventions. The lack of appropriate and high-quality outcome measures is hampering the development of oral health promotion.
Assuntos
Promoção da Saúde/normas , Saúde Bucal , Idoso , Atitude Frente a Saúde , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Serviços de Saúde Bucal , Educação em Saúde Bucal/normas , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Política de Saúde , Humanos , Estilo de Vida , Avaliação de Resultados em Cuidados de Saúde/normas , Pais , Garantia da Qualidade dos Cuidados de Saúde/normas , Qualidade de Vida , Mudança Social , Meio SocialRESUMO
En nuestro medio no existen planes de prevención en salud oral destinados a los bebés y tampoco el odontólogo controla al niño durante su primer año que es cuando se detectan las alteraciones fisiológicas o patológicas, y es cuando se puede encarar mejor los problemas sobre todo con un componente preventivo.
Assuntos
Recém-Nascido , Educação em Saúde Bucal/normas , Odontologia Preventiva/educação , Saúde Bucal/normas , Higiene Bucal/normas , Prevenção Primária/normasRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the process and outcomes of a participatory dental health education (DHE) programme for preventing early childhood caries (ECC). DESIGN: A one-year intervention programme. SETTING: 21 health centres. PARTICIPANTS: 520 mothers/caregivers of 6-19 month-old children who lived in a rural area of Thailand. INTERVENTION: Small group discussion with active involvement in the intervention group and the national teaching DHE programme in the control group. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Health centre staff impact evaluation, children's dental cavitated carious increment and stated changes in oral health behaviour. RESULTS: After one-year, the percent of subjects using a toothbrush and tooth brushing with fluoride toothpaste was 93% and 87% respectively in the intervention group, significantly higher (p<0.01) than the control group (73% and 58% respectively). Night time bottle-feeding, falling asleep with a bottle and sweet snack diet behaviour appeared the same in both groups. The net cavitated carious increment was 3.5 (SD=3.4) teeth in the intervention and 3.2(SD=3.5) in the control group. Health centre staff were very supportive of the programme and suggested extending the participatory format to other child health topics. CONCLUSIONS: The participatory dental health education model was shown to be a practical and effective method for increasing oral hygiene practice, but was not sufficient to prevent the development of ECC. This single intervention in the short term is not seen as sufficient to prevent the development of ECC.
Assuntos
Cárie Dentária/prevenção & controle , Educação em Saúde Bucal/normas , Avaliação de Processos e Resultados em Cuidados de Saúde , Adulto , Atitude do Pessoal de Saúde , Atitude Frente a Saúde , Alimentação com Mamadeira , Cariostáticos/uso terapêutico , Índice CPO , Sacarose Alimentar/administração & dosagem , Feminino , Fluoretos/uso terapêutico , Comportamentos Relacionados com a Saúde , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Mães/educação , Avaliação de Programas e Projetos de Saúde , Serviços de Saúde Rural/normas , Tailândia , Escovação Dentária/instrumentação , Cremes Dentais/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: A 1998 study demonstrated a lack of coverage about oral cancer in the popular press between April 1987 and April 1997. Since that study, several oral cancer-related activities took place, many of which could have increased the media's attention to oral cancer. Therefore, this study analyzed coverage and quality of oral cancer information in selected popular press between May 1998 and July 2003. METHODS: Articles from magazines and newspapers were retrieved from three databases and were analyzed by specific topics and subtopics for adequacy of content and accuracy of information. Articles were categorized as either "primarily oral cancer-related" or "primarily tobacco-related." RESULTS: Sixty articles were identified, 39 of which were included in the analysis (14 magazines; 25 newspapers). Seventeen articles were "primarily oral cancer-related," and 22 were "primarily tobacco-related." Seventy-two percent of the articles mentioned at least one risk factor for oral cancer, the most common being tobacco use (69%). Far fewer articles noted alcohol (10%) or the combined use of tobacco and alcohol (5%) as risk factors. Only 8 percent of the articles recommended an oral cancer examination. CONCLUSION: Despite local and limited national efforts and activities aimed at increasing public awareness of oral cancer, the popular press coverage of those activities was minimal or nonexistent.