Case Report: Cyclodialysis Cleft in a Case of Open-globe Injury and Role of Swept-source Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography in Diagnosis.

SIGNIFICANCE: Cyclodialysis clefts can potentially develop secondary to open globe injury. The swept-source anterior segment optical coherence tomography (SS-AS-OCT) may be a valuable diagnostic tool for the identification and estimation of the circumferential extent of cyclodialysis clefts. It could be considered an alternative when ultrasound biomicroscopy cannot be performed successfully. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to report a case of open-globe injury associated with cyclodialysis cleft and the utility of SS-AS-OCT in its diagnosis. CASE REPORT: A 12-year-old boy presented to the clinic because of penetrating ocular trauma to his left eye with a projectile stone. He was diagnosed with limbal perforation with uveal tissue prolapse and cataract. He underwent limbal repair with cataract extraction and posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation. However, even at the 6 weeks' post-operative period, he did not gain vision and had persistent hypotony with hypotonic maculopathy. Gonioscopy showed a 2-clock-hour superonasal cyclodialysis cleft. However, on SS-AS-OCT, it was discovered that the cleft extended along 5 clock hours, involving both superonasal and inferonasal quadrants. Recognizing the large extent of the cleft, endocyclopexy by modified sewing-machine technique was planned and performed. An IOP spike and improvement in vision were noted on the next post-operative day. The SS-AS-OCT confirmed cleft closure. CONCLUSIONS: Although rare, cyclodialysis can occur in cases of open globe injury. The SS-AS-OCT is a useful diagnostic tool to study the circumferential extent of cyclodialysis and may unravel detachments hidden behind intact anterior ciliary body face.

Risk Factors Associated with Failure of Direct Cyclopexy in the Treatment of Small to Moderate Tramatic Cyclodialysis Clefts.

BACKGROUND: To evaluate the risk factors associated with failure to correct hypotony using direct cyclopexy in patients with traumatic cyclodialysis cleft. METHODS: In a series of 116 patients with traumatic cyclodialysis who underwent direct cyclopexy at Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center from January 2008 to August 2018, the clinical correlation between the risk factors and failure of the operation were retrospectively studied, after adjusting for other potential confounders. RESULTS: The curative ratio after one procedure was 82.76%, whereas 20 (17.24%) eyes experienced treatment failure after the first surgery. The degree of anterior chamber angle closure was significantly wider in patients with a failed first surgery than in patients for whom one procedure was a success (p = .046). The risk of failure to achieve closure increased as the angle-closure exceeded 5 clock hour (odds ratio, 10.39; 95% confidence interval, 1.75-61.72; p = .010). An analysis of the recurrent position indicated that an angle closure exceeding 5 clock hour may impede accurate cleft location and is thus associated with an increased risk of failure to correct hypotony. CONCLUSION: Exceeding the threshold of 5 clock hour in anterior chamber angle closure may impede accurate cleft location and, thus, present a higher risk of failure to correct hypotony using direct cyclopexy. These patients may need injection of a viscoelastic agent into the anterior chamber by paracentesis to deepen the anterior chamber and to delineate the clefts using gonioscopy pre- or intraoperatively.