Evaluation of gastrointestinal tract lesions and serum malondialdehyde levels after repeated oral administration of phenylbutazone in horses.

Phenylbutazone (PBZ) is a widely used nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug for horses. However, because of its gastrointestinal side effects, its administration requires careful attention in veterinary practice. Malondialdehyde (MDA) is a serum biomarker associated with increased damage to the equine gastrointestinal system. This study investigated the hematological effects and alterations in the gastrointestinal tract and assessed serum MDA concentrations following repeated oral PBZ administration at clinical doses. Fourteen horses were randomly divided into control and treatment groups. All horses in the treatment group were administered 4.4 milligrams per kilogram of body weight of PBZ syrup orally twice a day for 7 days, whereas the control group received syrup as a placebo. The development of gastrointestinal side effects was investigated using gastroscopy, abdominal ultrasound, and fecal pH; serum MDA concentrations were assessed using a commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. Data were compared between PBZ-treated and control horses before and after the treatment period. The treatment group exhibited decreased albumin and total protein concentrations. Moreover, this group exhibited a higher thickness of the right dorsal colon wall (p = 0.03) and had higher scores for squamous gastric ulcers (p = 0.01). Fecal pH was lower in the treatment group than in the control group after PBZ administration (p < 0.01). Although MDA concentrations were higher in the treatment group after PBZ administration, they did not differ significantly from those of the control group. This study highlighted the changes in hematological and gastrointestinal lesions resulting from PBZ administration in horses at clinical doses, even without clinical signs. However, MDA may not be an optimal biomarker for the early detection of gastrointestinal damage due to PBZ treatment in horses.

Single-dose nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in horses have no impact on concentrations of cytokines or growth factors in autologous protein solution and platelet-rich plasma.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the effects of a single dose of the NSAIDs phenylbutazone, firocoxib, flunixin meglumine, and ketoprofen on concentrations of growth factors and cytokines in autologous protein solution (APS) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP). ANIMALS: 6 adult university-owned horses. METHODS: For the first phase, 6 horses were randomized to receive ketoprofen (1,000 mg) or flunixin meglumine (500 mg) IV. Blood was obtained and processed for APS (Pro-Stride) and PRP (Restigen) before and 6 hours after administration of NSAIDs. Horses underwent a 2-week washout period, after which the protocol was repeated using a crossover design. For the second phase, following at least a 2-week washout period, the study protocol was repeated with phenylbutazone (1 g) or firocoxib (57 mg) administered orally. Plasma was collected 6 hours after administration for evaluation of drug concentrations, and APS and PRP were analyzed for concentrations of drug, platelets, leukocytes, and several growth factors and cytokines (PDGF, fibroblast growth factor, TGF-ß1, IL-1ß, IL-10, IL-6, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor-α) before and 6 hours after administration of NSAIDs using immunoassays. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in concentrations of cytokines or growth factors before or after administration of any NSAID. There were significant differences in concentrations of leukocytes and platelets based on both product and time. NSAID concentrations in plasma were not significantly different from concentrations in APS and PRP. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: These results help guide clinicians on the appropriate use of these NSAIDs in conjunction with the processing of APS and PRP, which is unlikely to significantly alter the final product after single-dose administration.

Ulcera cecal inespecífica en una paciente con insuficiencia renal crónica en programa de hemodiálisis: caso clínico / Unspecific cecal ulcer in a patient undergoing hemodialysis for chronic renal failure: clinical case

We report a 65 years old female undergoing hemodialysis, presenting with intense pain in the lower right quadrant and moderate hematochezia. Since symptoms did not abate after an appendectomy, a colonoscopy and barium enema were performed, whose results suggested an advanced cecal carcinoma. Biopsies were negative for cancer. A new surgical abdominal exploration disclosed a cecal inflammatory and transmural lesion. A right colectomy was performed and the patient had a satisfactory postoperative evolution. Pathological study of the surgical piece showed a six cm perforated profound ulceration and a two cm ulcer. Both had precise limits. Unspecific cecal ulcers are rare entities that must be born in mind in the differential diagnosis of abdominal pain or hematochezia, specially in patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis

Opçöes para a utilizaçåo dos antiinflamatórios nåo-esteróides no manejo da psoríase artropática / The management of arthropatic psoriasis with nonsteroidal antiinflammatory

Os antiinflamatórios nåo-esteróides såo fármacos nåo-esteroidais que inibem a via da ciclooxigenase no metabolismo do ácido aracdônio, suprimindo a síntese das prostaglandinas. Algumas destas drogas exacerbam as lesöes cutâneas da psoríase (indometacina, ácido acetilsalicílico). Outros antiinflamatórios nåo-esteróides apresentam uma boa açåo farmacológica sem exacerbarem o quadro dermatológico da moléstia (naproxeno, ibuprofeno e fenilbutazona). Estas drogas proporcionaråo novas opçöes na terapêutica da psoríase artropática. Os autores relatam sua experiência no manejo da psoríase artropática com os antiinflamatórios nåo-esteróides

Hemorragia digestiva alta aguda uso de Ontomicina / Upper digestive acute hemorhage use of Ontomycin

Se presentan dos casos de HDAA, atendidos en urgencias del Hospital Obrero Nro. 1 de la ciudad de La Paz, durante mis estudios de residente en 1981, los cuales por la gravedad de la entidad nosologica presentada requirieron el uso de medidas heroicas para evitar su fallecimiento por sangrado activo a traves de disminuir la presion arterial esplacnica con la infusion de oxitocina Los resultados fueron satisfactorios.

Neurofibromiólise do deltóide por injeçöes de fenilbutazona / Neurofibromyolysis of the deltoid caused by phenybutazone injections

A fibrose iatrogênica da musculatura esquelética por medicaçäo parenteral tem aumentado devido ao uso indiscriminado de antibiótico e antiinflamatórios. Encontra-se maior freqüência em crianças, principalmente envolvendo a musculatura do quadríceps. No adulto, os deltóides säo mais acometidos, sobretudo de forma difusa e unilateral. Devido a essas consideraçöes, os autores descrevem o seguimento clínico de dois pacientes com fibrose da musculatura deltoidiana bilateral, conseqüente a repetidas injeçöes de fenilbutazona. Discutem os possíveis mecanismos etiopatogênicos, bem como a raridade do envolvimento bilateral

Comparación del efecto antiulceroso de la prostaglandina E2 (PGE2) y la cimetidina administrada por vía oral sobre la úlcera gástrica experimental en ratas / Comparison of antiulcerative effect of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and cimetidine administrated to oral via on experimental gastric ulcer in rats

Se realizó un estudio para determinar la mayor o menor efectividad por vía oral de la cimetidina respecto a la PGE2 obtenida en Cuba, para impedir la formación de úlceras pépticas en ratas, con el empleo de fenilbutazona en dosis de 200 mg/kg intramuscular. Los resultados obtenidos demostraron que el efecto antiulceroso de la cimetidina es superior al de la PGE2 en estas condiciones

Reaçöes hematológicas adversas a drogas e produtos quimícos / Hematological adverse reaction of drugs and chemical products

O autor apresenta um resumo das mais importantes reaçöes hematológicas adversas secundárias a produtos químicos e/ou drogas de uso clínico. Destaca a conduta médica de prevençäo e tratamento nestes casos. Além disso, o autor apresenta um breve sumário da experiência da disciplina de Hematologia Clínica da FCM - UNICAMP em Aplasia Medular, com destaque às causas prováveis mais importantes