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1.
BMC Psychiatry ; 24(1): 350, 2024 May 10.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38730333

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: While a core aim of early intervention psychosis services (EIPS) is to prevent hospitalisation, many with a first episode of psychosis (FEP) will require inpatient care. We explored young people's (YP) and their carers' hospitalisation experiences prior to and during EIPS engagement and how factors across these services influenced these experiences. METHODS: Using purposive sampling, we recruited twenty-seven YP, all of whom had been involved with the hospital system at some stage, and twelve support persons (parents and partners of YP) from state and federally funded EIPS in Australia with different models of care and integration with secondary mental health care. Audio-recorded interviews were conducted face-to-face or via phone. A diverse research team (including lived experience, clinician, and academic researchers) used an inductive thematic analysis process. RESULTS: Four key themes were identified as influential in shaping participant's hospital experiences and provide ideas for an approach to care that is improved by the effective coordination of that care, and includes this care being delivered in a trauma informed manner: (1) A two-way street: EIPS affected how participants experienced hospitalisation, and vice versa; (2) It's about people: the quality and continuity of relationships participants had with staff, in hospital and at their EIPS, was central to their experience; (3) A gradual feeling of agency: participants viewed EIPS as both reducing involuntary care and supporting their self-management; and (4) Care coordination as navigation for the healthcare system: great when it works; frustrating when it breaks down. CONCLUSIONS: Hospitalisation was viewed as a stressful and frequently traumatic event, but a approach to care founded on trust, transparency, and collaboration that is trauma-informed ameliorated this negative experience. Consistent EIPS care coordination was reported as essential in assisting YP and carers navigate the hospital system; conversely, discontinuity in EIPS staff and lack of integration of EIPS with hospital care undermined the positive impact of the EIPS care coordinator during hospitalisation. Care coordinator involvement as a facilitator, information provider, and collaborator in inpatient treatment decisions may improve the usefulness and meaningfulness of hospital interventions.


Assuntos
Cuidadores , Intervenção Médica Precoce , Hospitalização , Transtornos Psicóticos , Pesquisa Qualitativa , Humanos , Transtornos Psicóticos/terapia , Transtornos Psicóticos/psicologia , Feminino , Masculino , Cuidadores/psicologia , Adolescente , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Intervenção Médica Precoce/métodos , Austrália , Serviços de Saúde Mental
2.
Rinsho Shinkeigaku ; 64(4): 272-279, 2024 Apr 24.
Artigo em Japonês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38508734

RESUMO

We analyzed 20 patients diagnosed with autoimmune neurological diseases with seizure predominance. In these patients, we examined the usefulness of Antibody Prevalence in Epilepsy and Encephalopathy (APE2) score and Antibodies Contributing to Focal Epilepsy Signs and Symptoms (ACES) score in autoimmune encephalitis (AE) for facilitating early treatment. APE2 score was positive in 19 of 20 patients. ACES score was positive in 15 of 20 patients, and 4 of 5 of the patients with negative ACES score did not have AE. Comprehensive assessment including the use of the above scores is desirable in the early stage of AE.


Assuntos
Autoanticorpos , Encefalite , Convulsões , Humanos , Autoanticorpos/sangue , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Encefalite/imunologia , Encefalite/diagnóstico , Encefalite/terapia , Adulto , Idoso , Convulsões/etiologia , Convulsões/imunologia , Doença de Hashimoto/imunologia , Doença de Hashimoto/diagnóstico , Doença de Hashimoto/complicações , Biomarcadores/sangue , Intervenção Médica Precoce , Adulto Jovem , Adolescente , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Índice de Gravidade de Doença
3.
J Child Psychol Psychiatry ; 65(6): 866-869, 2024 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38425092

RESUMO

Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), including child maltreatment and interparental aggression, are known to have far-reaching consequences for mental health across the lifespan. Emerging evidence, such as that reported by Nobakht et al. (Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2023), indicates that child conduct problems (e.g. oppositional defiant disorder, conduct disorder) may not only result from adversity but also contribute to it through transactional cascades that amplify risk for adversity over time. This commentary addresses some of the key implications of this evidence for translation into practice. It is argued that child conduct problems can be viewed as modifiable determinants of adversity and that the early identification and treatment of child conduct problems may allow for the early identification and reduction of risk for numerous ACEs.


Assuntos
Experiências Adversas da Infância , Transtorno da Conduta , Humanos , Criança , Transtorno da Conduta/terapia , Serviços de Proteção Infantil , Maus-Tratos Infantis/prevenção & controle , Intervenção Médica Precoce
4.
Early Interv Psychiatry ; 18(5): 374-380, 2024 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38527863

RESUMO

AIM: Early interventions are well understood to improve psychosis outcomes, but their successful implementation remains limited. This article introduces a three-step roadmap for advancing the implementation of evidence-based practices to operate as a learning health system, which can be applied to early interventions for psychosis and is intended for an audience that is relatively new to systematic approaches to implementation. METHODS: The roadmap is grounded in implementation science, which specializes in methods to promote routine use of evidence-based innovations. The roadmap draws on learning health system principles that call for commitment of leadership, application of evidence, examination of care experiences, and study of health outcomes. Examples are discussed for each roadmap step, emphasizing both data- and stakeholder-related considerations applicable throughout the roadmap. CONCLUSIONS: Early psychosis care is a promising topic through which to discuss the critical need to move evidence into practice. Despite remarkable advances in early psychosis interventions, population-level impact of those interventions is yet to be realized. By providing an introduction to how implementation science principles can be operationalized in a learning health system and sharing examples from early psychosis care, this article prompts inclusion of a wider audience in essential discourse on the role that implementation science can play for moving evidence into practice for other realms of psychiatric care as well. To this end, the proposed roadmap can serve as a conceptual guiding template and framework through which various psychiatric services can methodically pursue timely implementation of evidence-based interventions for higher quality care and improved outcomes.


Assuntos
Intervenção Médica Precoce , Ciência da Implementação , Sistema de Aprendizagem em Saúde , Transtornos Psicóticos , Humanos , Transtornos Psicóticos/terapia , Prática Clínica Baseada em Evidências
5.
Birth Defects Res ; 116(3): e2320, 2024 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38476096

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: In response to the 2015-2017 Zika virus outbreak, New York City (NYC) identified and monitored infants with birth defects potentially related to congenital Zika virus. METHODS: Administrative data matches were used to describe the birth characteristics of children born in 2016 meeting screening criteria for birth defects potentially related to congenital Zika virus infection relative to other NYC births and to monitor mortality and Early Intervention Program use through age 2. RESULTS: Among 120,367 children born in NYC in 2016, 463 met screening criteria and 155 met the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's case definition for birth defects potentially related to congenital Zika virus infection (1.3 per 1000; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.1-1.5). Post-neonatal deaths occurred among 7.7% of cases (12) and 5.2% of non-cases (8). Odds of referral to the Early intervention Program among children who met screening criteria were lower among children of mothers who were married (OR, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.37-0.97) and among children not classified as cases whose mothers were born in Latin America and the Caribbean (OR, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.37-1.09). DISCUSSION: Prevalence of birth defects potentially related to congenital Zika virus infection was similar to that seen in other jurisdictions without local transmission. Birth defects attributable to congenital Zika virus infection may also have been present among screened children who did not meet the case definition.


Assuntos
Microcefalia , Complicações Infecciosas na Gravidez , Infecção por Zika virus , Zika virus , Recém-Nascido , Lactente , Gravidez , Feminino , Criança , Humanos , Pré-Escolar , Infecção por Zika virus/epidemiologia , Cidade de Nova Iorque , Coorte de Nascimento , Intervenção Médica Precoce , Microcefalia/epidemiologia
6.
Schizophr Bull ; 50(3): 521-532, 2024 Apr 30.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38525604

RESUMO

BACKGROUND AND HYPOTHESIS: People with first-episode psychosis (FEP) in low- and lower-middle-income countries (LMIC) experience delays in receiving treatment, resulting in poorer outcomes and higher mortality. There is robust evidence for effective and cost-effective early intervention in psychosis (EIP) services for FEP, but the evidence for EIP in LMIC has not been reviewed. We aim to review the evidence on early intervention for the management of FEP in LMIC. STUDY DESIGN: We searched 4 electronic databases (Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, and CINAHL) to identify studies describing EIP services and interventions to treat FEP in LMIC published from 1980 onward. The bibliography of relevant articles was hand-searched. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed. STUDY RESULTS: The search strategy produced 5074 records; we included 18 studies with 2294 participants from 6 LMIC countries. Thirteen studies (1553 participants) described different approaches for EIP. Pharmacological intervention studies (n = 4; 433 participants) found a high prevalence of metabolic syndrome among FEP receiving antipsychotics (P ≤ .005). One study found a better quality of life in patients using injectables compared to oral antipsychotics (P = .023). Among the non-pharmacological interventions (n = 3; 308 participants), SMS reminders improved treatment engagement (OR = 1.80, CI = 1.02-3.19). The methodological quality of studies evidence was relatively low. CONCLUSIONS: The limited evidence showed that EIP can be provided in LMIC with adaptations for cultural factors and limited resources. Adaptations included collaboration with traditional healers, involving nonspecialist healthcare professionals, using mobile technology, considering the optimum use of long-acting antipsychotics, and monitoring antipsychotic side effects.


Assuntos
Países em Desenvolvimento , Intervenção Médica Precoce , Transtornos Psicóticos , Humanos , Transtornos Psicóticos/terapia , Antipsicóticos/administração & dosagem
7.
BMC Psychiatry ; 24(1): 96, 2024 Feb 05.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38317157

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Early intervention in psychosis (EIP) supports people who are experiencing their first episode of psychosis (FEP). A new Model of Care (MoC) for EIP services was launched in Ireland in 2019. Three EIP demonstration sites were chosen to test this MoC through a 'hub and spoke' approach. These services were a new way of organising care for people experiencing FEP, based upon a recovery model of care, and which sought to standardise care, improve access by clinically led multidisciplinary teams. This included newly created EIP keyworker roles whereby keyworkers assumed responsibilities regarding assessment, comprehensive individual care planning and coordination of care. METHODS: A mixed methods design utilising the UK Medical Research Council's process evaluation framework. Purposive sampling techniques were utilised. Descriptive analyses and logistic regression were performed to examine how increased keyworker engagement influenced the use of other psychosocial interventions within the EIP demonstration sites. Thematic analyses was used for qualitative data. RESULTS: There was a strong positive relationship between keyworker contacts and psychosocial interventions offered. Specifically, the odds of achieving at least monthly engagement with cognitive behavioural therapy for psychosis (CBTp; (5.76 (2.43-13.64), p < 0.001), and behavioural family therapy (BFT; (5.52(1.63-18.69, p < 0.006)) increased by fivefold with each additional monthly keyworker contact. For individual placement support (IPS) each additional monthly keyworker contact was associated with a three-fold increase in the odds of achieving monthly attendance with IPS (3.73 (1.64-8.48), p < 0.002). Qualitative results found that the EIP keyworker role as viewed by both service users and staff as a valuable nodal point, with a particular emphasis on care coordination and effective communication. CONCLUSIONS: This study advances the understanding of keyworker effects through qualitative evidence of keyworkers functioning as a "linchpin" to the service, while the positive response association between keyworker contacts and engagement with other services provides quantitative support for keyworkers reducing the organisational or structural barriers to service access. Given the importance of these positions, health systems should ensure that EIP programmes identify qualified and experienced staff to fill these roles, as well as allocate the appropriate funding and protected time to support keyworker engagement and impact.


Assuntos
Terapia Cognitivo-Comportamental , Transtornos Psicóticos , Humanos , Intervenção Psicossocial , Transtornos Psicóticos/terapia , Transtornos Psicóticos/psicologia , Terapia Comportamental , Terapia Cognitivo-Comportamental/métodos , Intervenção Médica Precoce/métodos
9.
Child Care Health Dev ; 50(1): e13210, 2024 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38265142

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this study was to describe interagency collaboration in Part C Early Intervention (EI) programs. METHODS: Between 18 April and 9 May 2022, 48 EI service coordinators (SCs) from 14 programs in one state completed adapted versions of the Interagency Collaboration Activities Scale (IACAS) and Relational Coordination Survey (RCS). Assessing perceptions of shared structures (IACAS) and coordination quality (RCS), these combined measures summarized interagency collaboration with 11 organizations. Mean (SD) survey responses were estimated and ranked. RESULTS: Sample SCs represent a breadth of professional disciples and vary substantially in their current and desired collaborations. The quantity of SCs collaborating with organizations ranged from 0% to 98%. Nearly all (98%) reported collaborating with the school districts, few (15%) reported collaborating with insurance, and none reported collaborating with Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program or Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children. The majority of SCs expressed desire to increase their collaborations with most of the listed organizations. The perceived quality of collaborations varied substantially at both individual and organizational levels. When comparing SC perceptions of shared structures and coordination quality, SCs reported more favourable collaborations with school districts (IACAS rank: first and RCS rank: first) and less favourable collaborations with insurance (IACAS rank: ninth and RCS rank: seventh). Some organizations rankings varied across both scales, including pediatric primary care (IACAS rank: third and RCS rank: eighth) and hospitals (IACAS rank: sixth and RCS rank: second). Overall, SCs reported low perceived existence of shared structures while coordination quality varied by organization. Opportunities for collaborative growth were identified. DISCUSSION: Despite its importance and required implementation in EI, perceptions of interagency collaboration varied substantially within and between EI programs. There is a suggested need to increase the quantity of SCs that collaborate and identified opportunities to increase the quality of collaborations that already exist.


Assuntos
Intervenção Médica Precoce , Estado Nutricional , Lactente , Humanos , Criança , Feminino , Colorado , Instituições Acadêmicas
10.
Acad Pediatr ; 24(2): 182-183, 2024 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37481162
11.
Am J Orthopsychiatry ; 94(2): 159-168, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37917502

RESUMO

Gun violence is a serious public health problem that places surviving victims at increased risk for a variety of mental health problems, including posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression. Recognizing that many gunshot injury survivors lack access to mental health care in the early aftermath of a shooting, there has been growing interest in the use of early, preventive mental health interventions to help prevent long-term mental health complications like PTSD as part of routine care for survivors in acute medical settings, where initial outreach to survivors may be more successful. This study evaluates clinical outcomes associated with one such early intervention-Skills for Psychological Recovery (SPR)-provided to gunshot injury survivors as part of a hospital-based early intervention program embedded in a Level 1 trauma center in the Midwestern United States. Clinic data from 100 survivors (74.0% male, 78.0% Black/African American) who received SPR were included in the present study. Results suggest that receiving SPR in the early aftermath of a shooting is associated with statistically significant reductions in both PTSD, F(1, 26.77) = 22.49, p < .001, and depression, F(1, 29.99) = 6.49, p = .016, symptoms. Outcomes did not vary as a function of either PTSD risk status or intervention delivery method (i.e., in-person, telehealth). These findings support the effectiveness and acceptability of SPR as an early intervention for gunshot injury survivors when delivered as part of a hospital-based early intervention program. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).


Assuntos
Intervenção Médica Precoce , Transtornos de Estresse Pós-Traumáticos , Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Transtornos de Estresse Pós-Traumáticos/diagnóstico , Hospitais , Adaptação Psicológica , Sobreviventes/psicologia
12.
Rev. cienc. cuidad ; 21(1): 95-104, 2024.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, BDENF - enfermagem (Brasil), COLNAL | ID: biblio-1553652

RESUMO

La pancreatitis aguda es una patología cuyo manejo primario abarca medidas con el fin de asegurar el reposo gastrointestinal, la presente revisión sistemática tiene como fin valorar los beneficios obtenidos tras iniciarse una dieta oral inmediata en pacientes con pancreatitis aguda. Se realizó una revisión sistemática, bajo lineamentos PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses), que incluyó ensayos clínicos controlados aleatoriza-dos, la búsqueda fue realizada en PubMed, ScienceDirect y Cochrane, se usaron los términos de búsqueda: "Acute pancreatitis", "Enteral nutrition" "Oral refeed" y "randomized controlado trial", obteniendo 393 artículos. Tras aplicar criterios de inclusión y exclusión, un total de 6 estudios se incluyeron en la revisión, se valoró: complicaciones o eventos adversos, gravedad del cuadro, requerimiento de analgesia, estancia hospitalaria, tolerancia a la dieta y gastos gene-rados, encontrando beneficios estadísticamente significativos, sobre todo en los últimos tres as-pectos. Se concluyó que la alimentación oral inmediata es segura en pacientes con pancreatitis aguda, pese a ello, es imprescindible generar más estudios multicéntricos con el fin de generar evidencia de mayor peso


Acute pancreatitis is a pathology whose primary management includes measures to ensure gastrointestinal rest. The present systematic review aims to assess the benefits obtained af-ter initiating an immediate oral diet in patients with acute pancreatitis. A systematic review was carried out, under PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Me-ta-Analyses) guidelines, which included randomized controlled clinical trials, the search was performed in PubMed, ScienceDirect and Cochrane, using the search terms: "Acute pancre-atitis", "Enteral nutrition" "Oral refeed" and "randomized controlled trial", obtaining 393 articles. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 6 studies were included in the review, evaluating: complications or adverse events, severity of the condition, analgesia requirement, hospital stay, tolerance to the diet and expenses generated, finding statistically significant benefits, especially in the last three aspects. It was concluded that immediate oral feeding is safe in patients with acute pancreatitis; nevertheless, it is essential to generate more multicenter studies in order to generate more weighty evidence


A pancreatite aguda é uma patologia cuja gestão primária inclui medidas para assegurar o re-pouso gastrointestinal. Esta revisão sistemática visa avaliar os benefícios obtidos após o início de uma dieta oral imediata em doentes com pancreatite aguda. Foi realizada uma revisão sis-temática segundo as directrizes do PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses),, incluindo ensaios clínicos controlados aleatórios, a pesquisa foi realizada no PubMed, ScienceDirect e Cochrane, utilizando os termos de pesquisa: "Pancreatite aguda", "Nutrição enteral", "Refeição oral" e "ensaio controlado aleatório", obtendo 393 artigos. Após a aplicação dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão, foi incluído um total de 6 estudos na revisão, avaliando: complicações ou eventos adversos, gravidade da condição, necessidade de analgesia, internamento hospitalar, tolerância à dieta e custos gerados, encontrando benefícios estatisti-camente significativos, especialmente nos três últimos aspectos. A alimentação oral imediata é segura em doentes com pancreatite aguda, no entanto, é essencial gerar mais estudos multicên-tricos a fim de gerar provas mais significativas


Assuntos
Intervenção Médica Precoce , Pancreatite , Nutrição Enteral , Dieta
15.
Air Med J ; 42(5): 365-368, 2023.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37716809

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: A physician-staffed helicopter emergency medical service is called a doctor helicopter (DH) in Japan. We retrospectively investigated this service using a data bank provided by the Japan DH registry system. METHODS: The following details of the dispatch activity were collected: patient age and sex, vital signs (Japan Coma Scale [JCS], systolic blood pressure, heart rate, and respiratory rate) at the scene measured by emergency medical technicians (EMTs), dispatch of the DH before the EMTs made contact with patients (key words group) or after (control group), and the survival outcome at 1 month. RESULTS: During the investigation period, 28,357 patient records were analyzed (key words group, n = 13,861; control group, n = 14,496). The age, JCS, and respiratory rate were significantly smaller in the key words group than in the control group. The rates of male sex and survival in the key words group were significantly greater than those in the control group. In the multivariate analysis, dispatch of the DH after EMTs made contact with the patients (odds ratio [OR] = 0.72; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.55-0.92), female sex (OR = 0.86; 95% CI, 0.75-0.98), older age (OR = 0.97; 95% CI, 0.96-0.97), elevated respiratory rate (OR = 0.97; 95% CI, 0.97-0.98), and high JCS (OR = 0.99; 95% CI, 0.99-0.99) were associated with a decreased 1-month survival (P > .0001). CONCLUSION: This is the first report to describe the key words method as a potential factor influencing optimal outcomes/potential survival rates in patients evacuated by the DH using the JDRS. Our study results suggest that the firefighting central command room should consider adopting the key words method when the helicopter emergency medical service is used.


Assuntos
Resgate Aéreo , Serviços Médicos de Emergência , Médicos , Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Estudos Retrospectivos , Intervenção Médica Precoce , Aeronaves , Serviços Médicos de Emergência/métodos
16.
Am Fam Physician ; 108(2): 181-188, 2023 08.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37590860

RESUMO

Childhood speech and language concerns are commonly encountered in the primary care setting. Family physicians are integral in the identification and initial evaluation of children with speech and language delays. Parental concerns and observations and milestone assessment aid in the identification of speech and language abnormalities. Concerning presentations at 24 months or older include speaking fewer than 50 words, incomprehensible speech, and notable speech and language deficits on age-specific testing. Validated screening tools that rely on parental reporting can serve as practical adjuncts during clinic evaluation. Early referral for additional evaluation can mitigate the development of long-term communication disorders and adverse effects on social and academic development. All children who have concerns for speech and language delays should be referred to speech language pathology and audiology for diagnostic and management purposes. Parents and caretakers may also self-refer to early intervention programs for evaluation and management of speech and language concerns in children younger than three years.


Assuntos
Transtornos do Desenvolvimento da Linguagem , Criança , Humanos , Diagnóstico Precoce , Intervenção Médica Precoce , Transtornos do Desenvolvimento da Linguagem/diagnóstico , Transtornos do Desenvolvimento da Linguagem/epidemiologia , Transtornos do Desenvolvimento da Linguagem/prevenção & controle , Encaminhamento e Consulta , Risco , Estados Unidos , Masculino , Feminino
17.
Schizophr Res ; 258: 61-68, 2023 08.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37506577

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Identifying risk factors for suicidal ideation and attempt among first-episode psychosis patients is essential to prevent suicide in this high-risk population. We investigated risk factors at admission for suicidal ideation and attempt during a 2-year early intervention program. METHODS: Our sample included patients aged 18-35 years who were consecutively admitted to an early intervention program (2003-2017). Sociodemographic and clinical variables were obtained from a longitudinal study, while data on suicidal ideation and attempt were collected via systematic file review. Univariable and multivariable logistic regressions assessed the association of these variables with suicide ideation and attempt. RESULTS: Of 446 participants, 35 (7.8 %) attempted suicide during the 2-year follow up, including two resulting in death (0.45 %), and 168 (37.7 %) reported solely suicidal ideation. Multivariable analyses indicated living alone (OR = 4.01, CI = 2.11-7.63), affective psychosis (OR = 1.95, CI = 1.22-3.14) and depressive symptomatology (OR = 1.45, CI = 1.13-1.86) were associated with increased risk for suicidal ideation. Attempting suicide close to admission (OR = 10.29, CI = 3.63-29.22), living alone (OR = 4.17, CI = 1.40-12.35), and depressive (OR = 1.67, CI = 1.06-2.63) and positive symptomatology (OR = 1.60, CI = 1.02-2.50) were associated with increased risk for suicide attempt. Attempting suicide close to admission (OR = 11.65, CI = 4.08-33.30), being part of an ethnic minority (OR = 3.71, CI = 1.59-8.63), and presenting lower anxiety (OR = 0.58, CI = 0.36-0.94) were the only factors specifically associated with suicide attempt compared to ideation. CONCLUSION: Close monitoring of patients who recently attempted suicide, live alone, are part of an ethnic minority, and present with affective and positive symptomatology may help reduce the risk of suicide-related outcomes during early intervention programs.


Assuntos
Transtornos Psicóticos , Ideação Suicida , Humanos , Estudos Longitudinais , Intervenção Médica Precoce , Etnicidade , Grupos Minoritários , Transtornos Psicóticos/epidemiologia , Transtornos Psicóticos/psicologia , Fatores de Risco
18.
Psychiatry Res ; 326: 115269, 2023 08.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37331067

RESUMO

Untreated psychosis in adolescents and young adults is associated with significant and progressive impairment. Early intervention to provide support and treatment for those at risk of psychosis is essential. Several early intervention models have been developed for those at-risk and those who are victims of a recent episode - including the Portland Identification and Early Referral model (PIER; McFarlane, 2001). This study extends previous work demonstrating a variety of positive treatment outcomes achieved by PIER in the context of a large-scale implementation across the state of Delaware. The sample included 108 youth and young adults who were either at risk for psychosis or had already experienced a first episode within the past two years. Participants received the PIER treatment model and were followed from baseline to six months after they were discharged from treatment. Researchers predicted that PIER participants would experience an increase in functioning and a decrease in positive psychosis symptoms. Change over time was examined through the lens of two analytic techniques: the Reliable Change Index (RCI) analyses and Growth Curve Modeling (GCM). Results show improvement on a number of outcomes over the course of the intervention as expected. Clinical implications, limitations, and suggestions for further research are discussed.


Assuntos
Transtornos Psicóticos , Adulto Jovem , Humanos , Adolescente , Transtornos Psicóticos/terapia , Transtornos Psicóticos/diagnóstico , Resultado do Tratamento , Alta do Paciente , Intervenção Médica Precoce/métodos
19.
Psychiatr Serv ; 74(11): 1200-1203, 2023 11 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37016825

RESUMO

Coordinated specialty care (CSC) improves mental health and functional outcomes among individuals with first-episode psychosis but lacks a standardized approach to addressing chronic disease risk. The authors used community-based participatory intervention mapping with nine CSC teams to implement a nurse care manager role for the team in order to identify and address chronic disease risk factors. The role was piloted at one CSC site to explore its feasibility and acceptability. The nurse care manager role was highly acceptable to clients, team members, and leadership. More than one-quarter of the nurse's time was spent on nonbillable activities, and lack of a clear plan for financial sustainability was the primary barrier to implementation.


Assuntos
Transtornos Psicóticos , Humanos , Enfermagem , Saúde Mental , Intervenção Médica Precoce , Doença Crônica
20.
Rev. cuba. med. trop ; 75(1)abr. 2023.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1550868

RESUMO

Introducción: La COVID-19 creó desafíos sin precedentes para la comunidad y los trabajadores de la salud, por lo que contribuir a incrementar la percepción del riesgo mediante la capacitación fue una premisa elemental en tiempos de la pandemia. Objetivo: La investigación tuvo la finalidad de contribuir a incrementar el conocimiento en aspectos importantes sobre la COVID-19 en los trabajadores del Centro de Investigaciones Científicas de la Defensa Civil. Métodos: Se realizó una evaluación antes y después de la intervención en el período de febrero a abril de 2021. La muestra estuvo conformada por 50 trabajadores divididos en dos grupos: 1) investigadores y técnicos; 2) personal de apoyo. La investigación se desarrolló en tres etapas: diagnóstico, intervención y evaluación. Se conformó una base de datos con la información recopilada y para su análisis se empleó el método de comparación de proporciones de las respuestas entre los grupos, antes y después de la evaluación. Se calculó el porcentaje de apropiación de conocimientos con nivel de significación (p < 0,05) y se aplicó el t-Student para muestras dependientes. Resultados: De 50 trabajadores 35 (70 %) eran del sexo femenino; predominó el nivel escolar universitario con un total de 33 (66 %). Se observó un incremento estadísticamente significativo, tanto en la apropiación del conocimiento en ambos grupos, como en las preguntas adecuadas, después de la intervención (p < 0,05); siendo superior en el grupo del personal de apoyo. Conclusiones: La intervención educativa contribuyó a incrementar los conocimientos acerca de la COVID-19 en los trabajadores del centro, lo que tuvo un impacto favorable.


Introduction: COVID-19 created unprecedented challenges for the community and health workers; therefore, contributing to increase risk perception through training was an elementary premise in times of the pandemic. Objective: The research aimed at increasing the knowledge of important aspects of COVID-19 among the personnel of the Civil Defense Scientific Research Center. Methods: An evaluation was carried out before and after the intervention from February to April 2021. The sample consisted of 50 workers divided into two groups: 1) researchers and technicians; 2) support personnel. The research comprised three stages: diagnosis, intervention, and evaluation. A database was created with the information collected. For its analysis, the compare proportions test of responses between the groups, before and after the evaluation, was used. The percentage of knowledge appropriation was calculated with significance level (p < 0.05), and the t-Student was applied for dependent samples. Results: Out of 50 workers, 35 (70%) were female; 33 (66%) had a university education level. A statistically significant increase in both knowledge acquisition and appropriate questions was observed in the groups after the intervention (p < 0.05), which was higher in the support staff group. Conclusions: The educational intervention contributed to increasing knowledge about COVID-19 among the workers of the center, which had a favorable impact.


Assuntos
Humanos , Intervenção Médica Precoce/métodos , Educação Médica/métodos , COVID-19/prevenção & controle
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