[Current Situation and Issues in Transitional Medicine: A Pediatric Neurology Viewpoint].

The transition from pediatric neurology to adult neurology is not easy for patients with childhood-onset neurological or muscular diseases. The reasons can be broadly categorized into patient-related and transition system issues. To resolve these issues, the following are important: 1)promoting awareness of the necessity of future transition among patients and their families during childhood, 2)establishing a transition support team to coordinate the transitions and collect information about medical institutions for adults that can accept patients who need transition, and above all, 3)facilitating close communication and information sharing between the concerned adult and pediatric neurologists.

Declining use of neurological eponyms in cases where a non-eponymous alternative exists.

Eponyms are common in neurology, but their use is controversial. Recent studies have demonstrated increasing eponym use over time in the scientific literature, but it is unclear whether this is a result of authors choosing to use eponyms more frequently, or is merely a product of increasing rates of scientific publication. Our goal was to explore trends in decision-making pertaining to eponym usage. We identified cases where an eponym and a corresponding non-eponymous term existed, and assessed temporal trends in the relative usage of these terms using Google's n-gram viewer for each decade from 1900-2019. Relative to corresponding non-eponymous terms, the use of eponyms increased across the 20th century, peaking in the decade from 1980 to 1989, before sharply declining after the turn of the 21st century. This indicates that when faced with a choice between using an eponym and non-eponymous term, contemporary authors increasingly chose the non-eponymous term. This recent trend may reflect increased awareness of the limitations of eponyms, greater attention to the personal and political lives of namesakes, and a cultural shift toward viewing scientific advances as the result of collective and collaborative efforts rather than the solitary achievements of eminent individuals.

Medical Devices; Neurological Devices; Classification of Cranial Motion Measurement Device. Final order.

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA or Agency) is classifying the cranial motion measurement device into class II (special controls). The special controls that will apply to the device are identified in this order and will be part of the codified language for the cranial motion measurement device's classification. The Agency is classifying the device into class II (special controls) in order to provide a reasonable assurance of safety and effectiveness of the device.

Medical Devices; Neurological Devices, Classification of the Vibratory Counter-Stimulation Device. Final order.

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is classifying the vibratory counter-stimulation device into class II (special controls). The special controls that will apply to the device are identified in this order and will be part of the codified language for the vibratory counter-stimulation device's classification. The Agency is classifying the device into class II (special controls) in order to provide a reasonable assurance of safety and effectiveness of the device.

Medical Devices; Neurological Devices; Classification of the Computerized Cognitive Assessment Aid for Concussion. Final order.

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is classifying the Computerized Cognitive Assessment Aid for Concussion into class II (special controls). The special controls that will apply to the device are identified in this order and will be part of the codified language for the computerized cognitive assessment aid for concussion's classification. The Agency is classifying the device into class II (special controls) in order to provide a reasonable assurance of safety and effectiveness of the device.

Medical Devices; Neurological Devices; Classification of the Thermal System for Insomnia. Final order.

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is classifying the thermal system for insomnia into class II (special controls). The special controls that will apply to the device are identified in this order and will be part of the codified language for the thermal system for insomnia's classification. The Agency is classifying the device into class II (special controls) in order to provide a reasonable assurance of safety and effectiveness of the device.

Medical Devices; Neurological Devices; Classification of the Computerized Cognitive Assessment Aid. Final order.

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is classifying the computerized cognitive assessment aid into class II (special controls). The special controls that will apply to the device are identified in this order, and will be part of the codified language for the computerized cognitive assessment aid's classification. The Agency is classifying the device into class II (special controls) in order to provide a reasonable assurance of safety and effectiveness of the device.

Medical devices; neurological devices; classification of the neuropsychiatric interpretive electroencephalograph assessment aid. Final order.

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is classifying the neuropsychiatric interpretive electroencephalograph (EEG) assessment aid into class II (special controls). The Agency is classifying the device into class II (special controls) in order to provide a reasonable assurance of safety and effectiveness of the device.

[Otoneurology (definition, brief historical note, classification)].

The authors consider otoneurology to be an integral constituent part of general otorhinolaryngology. They propose its definition, present a brief historical sketch of this scientific discipline, and describe the principles of classification of the pathological conditions encompassed by this branch of general otorhinolaryngology.

La importancia de evaluar síntomas y alteraciones funcionales en enfermedades neurológicas crónicas: experiencia en cuidado paliativo y rehabilitación en una institución colombiana / The Importance of Evaluating Symptoms and Functional Alterations in Chronic Neurological Diseases: Experiences in Palliative Care and Rehabilitation at a Colombian Institution / A importância da avaliação de sintomas e limitações funcionais nas doenças neurológicas crônicas: experiência em cuidados paliativos e de reabilitação em uma instituição na Colombia

Existe un incremento en la prevalencia de enfermedades neurológicas y su carga de enfermedad. Debido a ello, identificar la frecuencia de síntomas y las alteraciones funcionales es de vital importancia para definir un adecuado plan de tratamiento. Se llevó a cabo un estudio de corte transversal para identificar los síntomas principales y las alteraciones funcionales en pacientes neurológicos de un centro de referencia colombiano para manejo de rehabilitación. Se encontraron como síntomas y alteraciones funcionales más frecuentes: alteraciones de la marcha (65,5 %), desórdenes de comunicación (36,98 %), alteraciones emocionales y de memoria (38 %), dolor (29,45 %) y alteraciones en las actividades básicas cotidianas (24,3 %). El 50 % de los pacientes que reportaron dolor, el 30 % de los que manifestaron insomnio y el 80 % de los que refirieron estreñimiento no recibieron tratamiento en la primera consulta. Algunos de los síntomas identificados no son características que definen la enfermedad, y no siempre son objeto de intervención. Los resultados de este estudio pueden contribuir a reconocer la carga de los síntomas de las enfermedades neurológicas, sensibilizando a los profesionales de la salud acerca de la importancia del cuidado paliativo en pacientes con enfermedades progresivas no oncológicas.

There is an increase in the prevalence of neurological diseases and the burden they impose. Therefore, identifying the frequency of symptoms and the functional alterations is of paramount importance to develop an adequate treatment plan. A cross-sectional study was carried out to pinpoint the main symptoms and functional alterations in neurological patients at a rehabilitation center in Colombia. The five most frequent symptoms and functional alterations identified were: walking disorders (65.5%), communication disorders (36.98%), memory and emotional alterations (38%), pain (29.45%), and alterations in activities of daily living (24.3%). Fifty percent of the patients who reported pain, 30% of those who complained of insomnia, and 80% of those who mentioned constipation did not receive treatment during the first consultation. Some of the identified symptoms are not characteristics that define the disease, and are not always the subject of intervention. The results of this study can contribute to recognition of the burden of the symptoms of neurological diseases, by making health professionals more aware of the importance of palliative care for patients with non-oncological progressive diseases.

A prevalência de doenças neurológicas e sua carga de doença têm aumentado. Portanto, é de importância vital identificar a freqüência dos sintomas e o comprometimento funcional para definir um plano de tratamento adequado. Para identificar os principais sintomas e a limitação funcional em pacientes neurológicos de um centro de referência para manejo da reabilitação na Colômbia se realizou um estudo transversal. Os sintomas e as limitações funcionais mais freqüentes foram: distúrbio da marcha (65,5%), distúrbios da comunicação (36,98%), distúrbios emocionais e da memória (38%), dor (29,45%) e alterações em atividades básicas diárias (24,3%). O 50% dos pacientes que relataram dor, 30% das pessoas que manifestaram insônia e 80% daqueles que relataram constipação não foram tratados na primeira consulta. Alguns dos sintomas identificados não são características que definem a doença, nem sempre eles são objeto de intervenção. Os resultados deste estudo podem ajudar a reconhecer o peso dos sintomas da doença neurológica através da sensibilização de profissionais da saúde sobre a importância dos cuidados paliativos em pacientes com doenças progressivas não cancerosas.

The subaxial cervical spine injury classification system: a novel approach to recognize the importance of morphology, neurology, and integrity of the disco-ligamentous complex.

STUDY DESIGN: The classification system was derived through a literature review and expert opinion of experienced spine surgeons. In addition, a multicenter reliability and validity study of the system was conducted on a collection of trauma cases. OBJECTIVES: To define a novel classification system for subaxial cervical spine trauma that conveys information about injury pattern, severity, treatment considerations, and prognosis. To evaluate reliability and validity of this system. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Classification of subaxial cervical spine injuries remains largely descriptive, lacking standardization and prognostic information. METHODS: Clinical and radiographic variables encountered in subaxial cervical trauma were identified by a working section of the Spine Trauma Study Group. Significant limitations of existing systems were defined and addressed within the new system. This system, as well as the Harris and Ferguson & Allen systems, was applied by 20 spine surgeons to 11 cervical trauma cases. Six weeks later, the cases were randomly reordered and again scored. Interrater reliability, intrarater reliability, and validity were assessed. RESULTS: Each of 3 main categories (injury morphology, disco-ligamentous complex, and neurologic status) identified as integrally important to injury classification was assigned a weighted score; the injury severity score was obtained by summing the scores from each category. Treatment options were assigned based on threshold values of the severity score. Interrater agreement as assessed by intraclass correlation coefficient of the DLC, morphology, and neurologic status scores was 0.49, 0.57, and 0.87, respectively. Intrarater agreement as assessed by intraclass correlation coefficient of the DLC, morphology, and neurologic status scores was 0.66, 0.75, and 0.90, respectively. Raters agreed with treatment recommendations of the algorithm in 93.3% of cases, suggesting high construct validity. The reliability compared favorably to the Harris and Ferguson & Allen systems. CONCLUSION: The Sub-axial Injury Classification and Severity Scale provides a comprehensive classification system for subaxial cervical trauma. Early validity and reliability data are encouraging.