Severe epidemic myalgia with an elevated level of serum interleukin-6 caused by human parechovirus type 3: a case report and brief review of the literature.

BACKGROUND: Human parechovirus type 3 (HPeV-3) is known to cause cold-like symptoms, diarrhea, or severe infections such as sepsis in infants and children. In adults, HPeV-3 infection is rarely diagnosed because the symptoms are generally mild and self-limiting; however, this infection has been linked to epidemic myalgia, regardless of the presence of underlying diseases, immunosuppression, or sex. CASE PRESENTATION: We describe an adult case of severe systemic myalgia and orchiodynia after infection with HPeV-3, which was transmitted from the child of the patient. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) level was found to be elevated in the patient's serum. CONCLUSION: Severe myalgia associated with HPeV-3 infection is potentially caused by an elevated serum level of IL-6.

A case of epidemic myalgia with symptoms resembling acute purulent spondylitis and discitis.

BACKGROUND: Epidemic myalgia is a disease that presents with fever and extreme myalgia of the trunk due to an acute enterovirus infection. The trunk pain is mainly in the chest or in the epigastrium. We aimed to highlight a case of epidemic myalgia where initial diagnosis needed differentiation from acute purulent spondylitis and discitis. CASE PRESENTATION: A 33-year-old woman presented with fever, chills, and acute episodes of low back pain. The sole unusual finding was pain upon spinal percussion, limited to the 4th and 5th lumbar vertebrae. Spinal MRI showed no abnormality. Paired serum samples from disease days 4 and 15 showed a significant increase in coxsackievirus B3-neutralizing antibodies. Based on this course, we diagnosed epidemic myalgia. CONCLUSIONS: Epidemic myalgia should be considered when differentiating acute low back pain accompanied by fever.

Chest wall myositis in a patient with acute coronary syndrome.

We describe a case of a 42-year-old man who presented to the emergency department with severe left-sided chest pain and chest tenderness of 1-day duration. The pain was episodic and was aggravated by any chest wall movement. His initial blood tests and ECG were suggestive of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). However, his pattern of pain, lack of response to opiates, raised creatine kinase and signs of pleurisy on chest radiograph raised a suspicion of an alternative diagnosis. The patient showed a dramatic response in pain relief to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medication. He was suspected to have chest wall myositis with pleural involvement in the form of pleurodynia. His serology test was positive for coxsackie virus antibodies. We will discuss in this case report the pathognomonic features, diagnosis and treatment of a rare infectious condition known as Bornholm disease.

Pleurodynia caused by an echovirus 1 brought back from the tropics.

A 31 year-old woman presented with acute pain on the left side of the thorax and abdomen, radiating to the back together with fever, after she had returned from traveling in Southeast Asia. Except for pleural friction rub auscultated on the left hemithorax, no physical abnormalities were detected. We diagnosed a classical course of Bornholm disease, caused by an echovirus type 1. While described as a classical pathogen causing Bornholm disease, this genotype has not been reported frequently in Surveillance data in the Western World.

Epidemic myalgia in adults associated with human parechovirus type 3 infection, Yamagata, Japan, 2008.

Human parechovirus has rarely been shown to cause clinical disease in adults. During June-August 2008, a total of 22 adults sought treatment at Yonezawa City Hospital in Yamagata, Japan, for muscle pain and weakness of all limbs; most also had fever and sore throat. All patients received a clinical diagnosis of epidemic myalgia; clinical laboratory findings suggested an acute inflammatory process. Laboratory confirmation of infection with human parechovirus type 3 (HPeV3) was made for 14 patients; we isolated HPeV3 from 7 patients, detected HPeV3 genome in 11, and observed serologic confirmation of infection in 11. Although HPeV3 is typically associated with disease in young children, our results suggest that this outbreak of myalgia among adults was associated with HPeV3 infection. Clinical consideration should be given to HPeV3 not only in young children but also in adults when an outbreak occurs in the community.

A clinical picture of Guillain-Barré syndrome in children in the United States.

The authors describe the demographics, clinical presentation, investigation, treatment, and outcomes of pediatric patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome. They identified 35 pediatric patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome presenting to a tertiary academic center over a 20-year period. The most common presenting symptoms were paresthesias (54%), weakness (49%), and myalgias (49%). Sensation was affected in 54% of patients, and hyporeflexia or areflexia was present in 94% of patients. Cranial nerve dysfunction (46%) and autonomic involvement (eg, changes in blood pressure, pulse, bowel/bladder control, or priapism; 46%) were also common. Autonomic dysfunction, cranial nerve involvement, and albuminocytological dissociation were significantly associated with a decreased time to nadir, the point when symptoms peaked (P = .015, .007, and .005, respectively). Although not statistically significant, treatment with plasmapheresis had a better success rate than intravenous immunoglobulin. The authors' results will help to further delineate the clinical picture of Guillain-Barré syndrome in children and refine treatment strategies.

[Possible triggers of decompensated chronic complex tinnitus with a therapeutic approach as relating to treatment of epilepsy]. / Möglicher Auslöser des dekompensierten chronisch komlexen Tinnitus mit einem Therapieansatz analog zur Behandlung der Epilepsie.

Coxsackieviruses are responsible for numerable diseases in man. This is also the reason for the high prevalence of endemic infection rates in the population. Our analysis (working hypothesis) will focus on the participation of Coxsackieviruses in chronic decompensated, complex tinnitus. Examination of the Coxsackievirus antibody titers might reveal the extent to which a Coxsackieviruses-triggered disease of the central nervous system participates in the direct sequelae of tinnitus disorders. A spread of Coxsackieviruses to the auditory pathway might lead to an overstimulation of the auditory pathway, comparable to an epileptic lesion. Based on this assumption, treatment with an antiepileptic would make sense. The reasoning behind this working hypothesis is to find a potentially new diagnostic and therapeutic roadmap as a further guide for specialized clinics. The authors are well aware that previous results bear little relevance as they have been based on small case numbers.

Fever, headache, and myalgias after deployment to the Philippines.

Classic dengue fever presents with a triad of fever, headache, and rash. A "saddleback" fever pattern, morbilliform rash with islets of sparing after apyrexia, and hematological/hepatic abnormalities are common findings. As the most common arbovirus infection, dengue is a significant health threat to deployed military forces worldwide. preventive measures such as personal protective equipment and repellants should be employed by individuals and other preventive measures should be considered for units departing endemic areas. Due to the increased risk of severe or hemorrhagic syndromes in the case of reinfection, limiting redeployment of individuals who have been infected by dengue should be considered, and further research is needed in this area. Development of tetravalent or DNA-based vaccines should be a priority to improve health protection for deploying forces.

Myalgia Cruris Epidemica: an unusual presentation of dengue fever.

We describe a 5-year-old girl who had sudden onset difficulty in walking after 3 days of febrile illness. In the emergency department her creatine kinase level was elevated but urine myoglobin was normal. She was diagnosed as having benign acute childhood myositis. Because of poor oral intake and dehydration, she was admitted to the pediatric ward. The next day she had a petechial rash over the antecubital fossa, and dengue IgM back was positive. She was treated conservatively and recovered uneventfully. Despite dengue fever being endemic in Malaysia, this is the first case report of myositis following dengue infection in Malaysia.

Enfermedad de bornhold o mialgia epidémica / Bornhold disease or epidemic myalgia

Infección viral aguda de la musculatura de la pared torácica, de evolución fugaz (algunos días) y curación espontánea). Su importancia deriva de la necesidad de hacer la diferencia con otros cuadros causantes de dolores torácicos.

Esomeprazole-induced central fever with severe myalgia.

OBJECTIVE: To report a case of central fever associated with severe myalgia following esomeprazole. CASE SUMMARY: A 64-year-old man presented with intense cephalalgia; severe, diffuse myalgia; and fever (>40 degrees C) after esomeprazole initiation for treatment of gastritis. Five hours after ingestion of the first esomeprazole pill (40 mg), the patient developed fever associated with cephalalgia and myalgia. This condition lasted about 40 hours and disappeared spontaneously. Symptoms partially responded to acetaminophen. Four days later, the patient received a second dose of esomeprazole 40 mg. Subsequently, 4 hours later, fever (>40 degrees C), headache, and difficulty in the movement of all parts of the body recurred. Neurologic examination was negative except for a minor state of disorientation. All reflexes were normal or slightly decreased. No skin lesions or breathing difficulty was noted. Routine blood tests were normal. Again, symptoms resolved spontaneously about 40 hours later. DISCUSSION: The temporal connection between esomeprazole intake and the onset of fever suggests a probable causal link, as confirmed by the Naranjo probability scale. However, the pathogenic mechanism remains unclear. Considering that esomeprazole is able to cross the blood-brain barrier, its peak serum concentration is reached 90-180 minutes after oral administration, and its serum half-life is approximately 2 hours, we assume that the appearance of fever with accompanying neurologic and muscular symptoms might result from the drug interference with the hypothalamic regulatory center of body temperature. CONCLUSIONS: Hyperpyrexia of central origin associated with intense cephalalgia and myalgia may occur as an adverse effect of esomeprazole therapy.

[A case of pyomyositis following influenza virus infection].

A 45-year-old man visited the first hospital complained of high fever on January 2003. He was diagnosed as having Influenza virus type A infection and prescribed of Oseltamivir. He was afebrile next day, but severe myalgia of neck, shoulder, lumbar region and right femoral region was appeared. His illness was considered as polymyalgia rheumatica and started of oral steroid therapy. His symptom was deteriorated and transferred to our hospital. Echography, Ga scintigraphy, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed the multiple abscesses and the diagnosis of pyomyositis was made. Pyomyositis following Influenza virus infection must be considered as a differential diagnosis of myalgia after Influenza virus infection.

Neurenteric cyst mimicking pleurodynia: an unusual case of thoracic pain in a child.

This study reports an 8-year-old boy with chronic recurring thoracic pain. Magnetic resonance imaging of the spine revealed an intradural cyst at T1-T2. Despite severe compression of the spinal cord, there was no neurologic deficit. After minimally invasive cystectomy, the patient recovered completely. Histological examination established the diagnosis of a neurenteric cyst. The clinical, pathohistologic, and radiologic aspects are discussed, and the decisive role of magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of intraspinal cyst is emphasized.