RESUMO
Biosensor technology is an active field of research and development presenting rapid progress in recent decades, and the subfield of optical biosensors based on refractometric sensing schemes has developed dramatically during this time. This review focuses on advances in the refractometric sensing-based guided-wave optical biosensors particularly in the last two decades. It starts with a concise discussion on the underlying principles of label-free refractometric biosensor. Subsequently, advances in biosensor design, especially the transducer configuration and the integration of the sensing device are reviewed, highlighting the challenges and efforts dedicated to improving this technology. Various surface functionalization strategies designed to produce well-defined and reproducible surface properties are introduced for evaluation. Refractometric sensing scheme-based optical biosensors have found versatile applications varying from environmental monitoring and food safety to clinical diagnostics, together with advances in these applications and others are described. This paper concludes with a brief discussion on the outlook for integrating biosensors with emerging technologies.
Assuntos
Técnicas Biossensoriais/métodos , Óptica e Fotônica/métodos , Refratometria/métodos , Técnicas Biossensoriais/instrumentação , Técnicas Biossensoriais/tendências , Humanos , Óptica e Fotônica/instrumentação , Óptica e Fotônica/tendências , Patologia Molecular/tendências , Refratometria/instrumentação , Refratometria/tendênciasAssuntos
Nanopartículas/química , Nanopartículas/efeitos da radiação , Nanotecnologia/instrumentação , Dispositivos Ópticos/tendências , Refratometria/instrumentação , Ressonância de Plasmônio de Superfície/instrumentação , Desenho de Equipamento , Luz , Nanotecnologia/tendências , Refratometria/tendências , Espalhamento de Radiação , Ressonância de Plasmônio de Superfície/tendênciasRESUMO
We review the fabrication processes and properties of waveguides that have been made from chalcogenide glasses including highly nonlinear waveguides developed for all-optical processing.
Assuntos
Calcogênios/química , Vidro/química , Lentes/tendências , Refratometria/instrumentação , Refratometria/tendências , Ressonância de Plasmônio de Superfície/instrumentação , Ressonância de Plasmônio de Superfície/tendências , Desenho de Equipamento/tendênciasRESUMO
The resonant mirror (RM) biosensor is a leaky waveguide-based instrument that uses the evanescent field to probe changes in the refractive index at the sensing surface.The RM can therefore be used to monitor in real-time and label-free the interaction between an analyte in solution and its biospecific partner immobilized on the waveguide surface.The RM has been used in studying the interaction of a variety of moieties including proteins, carbohydrates, cells, nucleic acids and receptors, leading to applications in areas such as clinical diagnostics, homeland security, and pharmaceutical and biomolecular interactions. This chapter will review the principle of this biosensor, and the recent advances in instrumentation, different immobilization chemistries, and kinetic studies, as well as some applications.
Assuntos
Técnicas Biossensoriais/instrumentação , Imunoensaio/instrumentação , Lentes/tendências , Refratometria/instrumentação , Técnicas Biossensoriais/métodos , Técnicas Biossensoriais/tendências , Desenho de Equipamento , Análise de Falha de Equipamento , Imunoensaio/métodos , Imunoensaio/tendências , Refratometria/métodos , Refratometria/tendências , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Coloração e RotulagemRESUMO
In recent years, wavefront analysis has ceased to be purely a laboratory application and emerged as a method used in ophthalmological diagnosis. This development has been promoted mainly by the widespread use of wavefront-guided LASIK (laser in situ keratomileusis). However, aberrometry is still not a common diagnostic technique, and for many ophthalmologists interpretation of the results is difficult. The second part of this serial paper reviews findings that are relevant for the ophthalmological community and highlights current scientific applications in this area.
Assuntos
Astigmatismo/diagnóstico , Astigmatismo/cirurgia , Técnicas de Diagnóstico Oftalmológico , Ceratomileuse Assistida por Excimer Laser In Situ/tendências , Refratometria/tendências , Cirurgia Assistida por Computador/tendências , Pesquisa Biomédica/tendências , Medicina Clínica/tendências , Humanos , Padrões de Prática Médica/tendências , Ciência/tendênciasRESUMO
Integrated optics technology has a great potential for medical device applications. This article explains the technology and how it can be used with particular reference to in vitro diagnostics and endoscopy.