RESUMO
Rivaroxaban is an anticoagulant (orally active direct Xa inhibitor) considered to reduce the risk of stroke and systemic embolism and treat deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, and other cardiovascular complications. Bioanalytical methods for rivaroxaban quantification in plasma are necessary for application in pharmacokinetic studies, as well as in drug therapeutic monitoring. In this work, we developed and validated a sensitive bioanalytical method using LC-MS/MS for rivaroxaban quantification in human plasma using an one-step liquid-liquid extraction. The linear concentration range was 1-600 ng/mL. The bioanalytical method was also applied to pharmacokinetic studies in healthy volunteers under fasting and fed conditions. The results demonstrated that the method is rapid, sensitive, and adequate for application in pharmacokinetic studies.
Assuntos
Cromatografia Líquida/métodos , Rivaroxabana/sangue , Rivaroxabana/farmacocinética , Espectrometria de Massas em Tandem/métodos , Adolescente , Adulto , Humanos , Limite de Detecção , Modelos Lineares , Extração Líquido-Líquido , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Rivaroxabana/química , Rivaroxabana/isolamento & purificação , Adulto JovemRESUMO
CytoSorb hemoadsorption (CytoSorbents Inc, Monmouth Junction, NJ) was performed shortly before an urgent off-pump coronary artery bypass operation in a 58-year-old man at high risk of bleeding as a result of treatment of coronary artery disease with ticagrelor and treatment of atrial fibrillation with rivaroxaban. The patient experienced dissection of the left anterior descending artery during a percutaneous coronary intervention. Preoperatively, CytoSorb hemoadsorption was applied to eliminate the coagulative active medications. His intraoperative and postoperative courses were uneventful, with adequate bleeding control. This case highlights a promising approach for managing antiplatelet drugs and anticoagulant agents such as ticagrelor and rivaroxaban before off-pump coronary artery bypass.
Assuntos
Perda Sanguínea Cirúrgica/prevenção & controle , Ponte de Artéria Coronária sem Circulação Extracorpórea/métodos , Hemoperfusão/métodos , Rivaroxabana/sangue , Ticagrelor/sangue , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Rivaroxabana/isolamento & purificação , Ticagrelor/isolamento & purificaçãoRESUMO
In this present study, poly (N-isopropylacrylamide) as a thermo-sensitive agent was grafted onto magnetic nanoparticles, then ethylenediamine and methylmethacrylate were used to synthesize the first generation of poly amidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers successively and the process continued alternatively until the ten generations of dendrimers. The synthesized nanocomposite was investigated using Fourier transform infrared spectrometry, thermalgravimetry analysis, X-ray diffractometry, elemental analysis and vibrating-sample magnetometer. The particle size and morphology were characterized using dynamic light scattering, field emission scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Batch experiments were conducted to investigate the parameters affecting adsorption and desorption of rivaroxaban by synthesized nanocomposite. The maximum sorption of rivaroxaban by the synthesized nanocomposite was obtained at pH of 8. The resulting grafted magnetic nanoparticle dendrimers were applied for extraction of rivaroxaban from biologic human liquids and medicinal samples. The specifications of rivaroxaban sorbed by a magnetic nanoparticle dendrimer showed good accessibility and high capacity of the active sites within the dendrimers. Urine and drug matrix extraction recoveries of more than 92.5 and 99.8 were obtained, respectively.
Assuntos
Líquidos Corporais/química , Dendrímeros/síntese química , Rivaroxabana/isolamento & purificação , Temperatura , Acrilamidas/química , Adsorção , Biofarmácia , Dendrímeros/química , Humanos , Concentração de Íons de Hidrogênio , Cinética , Magnetismo , Nanopartículas de Magnetita/química , Nanopartículas de Magnetita/ultraestrutura , Tamanho da Partícula , Poliaminas/química , Espectrometria por Raios X , Espectroscopia de Infravermelho com Transformada de Fourier , Difração de Raios XRESUMO
In this study, a solid-phase extraction (SPE)-high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-ultra violet (UV) method was developed for the determination of rivaroxaban (RIV), an oral anticoagulant drug, in human plasma samples. The concentration of RIV in plasma samples was increased 7.5 times and the interference coming from matrix components was avoided by using SPE. The extracted samples of RIV were analyzed by using an HPLC-UV method. RIV was approved in 2008 and many studies have been published in recent years in order to investigate its pharmacokinetic profile in various groups. In light of this information, it is clear that the RIV pharmacokinetic profile should be investigated in further studies; the HPLC-UV method presented in this study might be an easy method to apply, as it is a cheap and rapid alternative to HPLC-MS-MS for this purpose. A Phenomenex Luna 5-µm C18 100 Å LC column (250 × 4.6 mm) was used for the separation of RIV and prednisolone (internal standard). The total analysis time was <6 min. The method was validated according to the FDA guidelines and can be proposed for pharmacokinetic studies of RIV.