CARCINOID TUMOR OF THE DUODENUM: a rare tumor at an unusual site. Case series from a single institution

ABSTRACT

Context Duodenal carcinoids are extremely rare, and their characteristics and biological behavior have not been fully elucidated. Objective To analyze the clinicopathological characteristics of patients with resected duodenal carcinoids. Methods Twenty patients (12 females and 8 males) were investigated. Their average age was 66.4 ± 5.8 years old (43 to 88 years old). The data corresponding to the clinical picture, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of patients with duodenal carcinoid tumors subjected to resection over a period of 18 years (1993-2011) were analyzed. Results The most common symptoms were dyspepsia (50%) and epigastric pain (45%) followed by weight loss (10%) and vomiting (5%). Carcinoid syndrome was not observed in any patient. The lesion was located on the first part of the duodenum in 15 (75%) patients, the second part in 4 (20%) patients, and the third part in 1 (5%) patient. The diagnosis of a carcinoid tumor was established through an endoscopic excision biopsy in 19 (95%) patients and an histopathological examination of the surgical specimen in 1 (5%) patient. The average tumor size was 1.1 cm ± 0.4 cm (0.3 cm to 6.0 cm). Nineteen (95%) patients were initially treated by endoscopic resection of the duodenal lesion. One patient (5%), whose tumor was on the third part of the duodenum underwent a duodenectomy of the third and fourth duodenal parts and duodenojejunal anastomosis. The duodenal carcinoid resection margin was involved in four (20%) patients. Four (20%) patients were subjected to a partial gastrectomy to fully remove the lesion. The tumor was restricted to the submucosal layer in 16 (80%) cases, and it penetrated into the muscular layer in 4 (20%) cases. All patients exhibited positive chromogranin A, neuron-specific enolase, and/or synaptophysin immunostaining. The average duration of the follow-up ...

RESUMO

Contexto Carcinoides duodenais são extremamente raros e as características e o comportamento biológico dessa neoplasia permanecem indefinidos. Objetivo Analisar as características clinicopatológicas de doentes com carcinoide duodenal ressecado. Métodos Vinte doentes (12 mulheres e 8 homens) foram estudados. A média de idade dos doentes foi de 66,4 ± 5,8 anos (43 a 88 anos). Os dados do quadro clínico, diagnóstico, tratamento e prognóstico dos doentes com tumor carcinoide do duodeno submetidos a ressecção da lesão no período de 18 anos (1993-2011) foram analisados. Resultados Os sintomas mais frequentes foram dispepsia (50%) e epigastralgia (45%), seguidos por perda de peso (10%) e vômitos (5%). Não foram observados doentes com síndrome carcinoide. A lesão estava localizada na primeira porção do duodeno em 15 (75%) pacientes, na segunda porção em 4 (20%) e na terceira porção em 1 (5%). O diagnóstico de tumor carcinoide foi estabelecido pela biopsia endoscópica excisional em 19 (95%) pacientes e pelo exame histopatológico da peça cirúrgica em um (5%). O tamanho médio dos tumores foi de 1,1 cm ± 0,4 cm (0,3 cm a 6,0 cm). Dezenove (95%) doentes foram tratados, inicialmente, por ressecção endoscópica da lesão duodenal e um (5%) com lesão na terceira porção duodenal foi submetido a duodenectomia da terceira e quarta porções do duodeno e duodenojejunoanastomose. A margem de ressecção do carcinoide duodenal estava comprometida em quatro (20%) casos e em quatro (20%) pacientes foi realizada gastrectomia parcial para retirada completa da lesão. O tumor estava limitado à camada submucosa em 16 (80%) casos e penetrava a camada muscular ...