[Impact of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol and its metabolites on the immune system]. / Impact du delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol et ses métabolites sur le système immunitaire.

ABSTRACT

Many studies obvious impact of cannabinoids on the immune system. These studies follow the rapid advanced researches led in the immunology field. D9 Tetrahydrocannabinol and their metabolites decrease production of tumoral necrosis factor alpha. This decrease has for consequence a decrease of the apoptosis. Recent discovery of implication of cytokines in the phenomena of dependence, make the cannabis and their metabolites promoting agent induced dependence in association with drug abuse. The withdrawal of these products necessitates a intact immune system. D9 Tetrahydrocannabinnol and their metabolites inhibit production of IL-1 and gamma interferon. This inhibition has for consequence a decrease of 33% of the lymphocytes activity and an inhibition of 66% of the lymphocytes adenyl cyclase activity. The consumption of cannabis decreases immunological competence of macrophages, and alterate their essential role of trophicity of the nervous central system. Furthermore, inhibiting actions of cannabinoids on the cyclo-oxygenase, promote production of arachidonic acid degradation products. This compounds mimic the action of histamine, and inducing a raise of the vascular permeability and bronchospasm. These inolecules contributes at delayed reaction of anaphylaxia. However these actions of cannabinoids on the immune system promote their pull-back in cure of new pathology likes AIDS.