In vivo effect of EICAR (5-ethynyl-1-beta-D-ribofuranosylimidazole-carboxamide) on experimental infected rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) fry with infectious pancreatic necrosis virus.

ABSTRACT

The in vivo antiviral effect of 5-ethynyl-1-beta-D-ribofuranosylimidazole-carboxamide (EICAR) was evaluated in coho salmon and rainbow trout fry, experimentally infected with infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV). Treatment consisted of a daily bath of 2 h in 0.4 microg ml(-1) or 0.8 microg ml(-1) of EICAR, for approximately 20 days. The behavior of the fish was studied for 45 days post-infection. The survival of the infected treated groups was compared with the survival of non-infected and infected untreated control groups. The results showed that the survival of coho salmon and rainbow trout fry in the infected group treated with both doses of EICAR was similar to the survival observed in the healthy control group (approximately 94%). While, the survival of the infected and untreated control fish was 56% for salmon and 28% for trout, there were no significant difference in the weight of coho salmon fry between those treated with EICAR and non-infected and infected untreated control groups. However, in rainbow trout there was a statistically significant weight decrease in infected untreated group. Finally, the analysis of tissue samples of the fish by reverse transcription associated with the polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) suggest that EICAR have decreased the viral load in infected treated fry. Consequently, the results indicate that EICAR is an effective inhibitor of IPNV replication in vivo and could be a promissory antiviral compound for the treatment of IPNV disease.