Effect of endothelin receptor antagonist on lung allograft apoptosis and NOSII expression.

BACKGROUND: It is postulated that apoptosis contributes to ischemia-reperfusion graft dysfunction after lung transplantation. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the improvement in lung function that we previously observed with the use of an endothelin-1 (ET-1) receptor antagonist after ischemia-reperfusion injury is associated with a reduction in inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOSII) expression and programmed cell death. METHODS: Left lung canine allotransplantation was performed. Harvested lung blocks were preserved with modified Eurocollins solution and stored at 4 degrees C for 18 to 20 hours. Lung allografts were tested for the expression of NOSII by immunohistochemistry, and extent of apoptosis by terminal dUTP nick end-labeling (TUNEL). Animals blindly received either an intravenous infusion of saline (control) or the ET-1 receptor antagonist (SB209670) (15 microg/kg/min). Infusion began 30 minutes pretransplantation and continued to 6 hours posttransplantation. RESULTS: Immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated significantly stronger NOSII immunostaining in the allografts of the saline control group (36.5%+/-3.6%) compared with native right lungs (6.9%+/-1.3%, p < 0.001) or the ET-receptor antagonist treatment group (9.6%+/-1.4%, p < 0.001). The TUNEL staining revealed a significantly stronger labeling in the allografts of the saline treatment control group (40.7%+/-6.2%) compared with native right lungs (5.0%+/-0.6%, p < 0.005) or the ET receptor antagonist treatment group (14.1%+/-2.8%, p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that treatment of lung allografts with the ET-1 receptor antagonist SB209670 reduces the area of NOSII expression and the extent of apoptosis, factors known to contribute to the process of prolonged ischemia-reperfusion injury.