[Nineteen years experience with posterior sagittal anorectoplasty as a treatment of anorectal malformation]. / Diecinueve años de anorrectoplastia sagital posterior como tratamiento de la malformación anorrectal.

ABSTRACT

UNLABELLED Posterior sagittal anorectoplasty (PSARP) is considered today the best surgical technique for the treatment of the anorectal malformations. With the aim of evaluating the results of the PSARP in our patients, the charts of 39 children (27 male, 12 female) were reviewed. Mean age was 11 years (3 to 20 years) and the mean follow-up period from the closure of the colostomy was 9.4 years (1 to 18 years). Patients with any alteration of the extrinsic innervation or those with rare malformations were excluded of the study. According to the Wingspread classification, 14 patients had a high defect, 13 had an intermediate type and 12 had a low one. One patient had a PSARP in the newborn period whereas the rest of them had a descending loop colostomy. Definitive repair consisted in PSARP in low and intermediate forms and in six of the high type patients. The rest (8) of the high type patients had a Rehbein abdominoperineal pull-through (DA) plus a PSARP. Evaluation for the surgical results was made by means of an anorectal manometry (existence or not of anal inhibitory reflex [RIA], the symmetry and pressure of the canal anal, and the existence of extrinsic innervation) and a clinical questionnaire. Patients or parents were asked for fecal continence, age at which the continence was achieved and the existence of severe constipation. RESULTS: Low defects Eleven patients were continent between 3 and 5 years old. Seven patients had RIA. Intermediate defects Seven patients were continent. Five (all with RIA) achieved continence between 2 and 8 years old; the other 2 were continent at the age of 10. The six incontinent patients had absence of RIA and/or low-pressure anal canal. High defects Five patients were continent, between 11 and 16 years old. All had an DA plus PSARP. None of them had RIA. All the incontinent patients had an anomalous anal canal. CONCLUSIONS: The lowest the type of an anorectal malformation, the better the prognoses. In these patients, there is a relationship between the achievement of continence, the presence of RIA and the symmetry and high pressures at the anal canal. Among the patients with high defects, the results are better when they had an abdominoperineal pull-through plus PSARP.