[Do relatives of patients with different mental disorders also differ in their attitudes towards these disorders?]. / Weisen Angehörige von Patienten mit unterschiedlichen psychischen Erkrankungen auch Unterschiede in ihrer Einstellung zu diesen Erkrankungen auf?

BACKGROUND: Studies on the attitudes of relatives of psychiatric patients have usually focused on views of causes and treatment options for schizophrenic disorders. Comparative surveys, especially those dealing with attitudes on social distance and restrictions, have to date been rather an exception. METHODS: In the present study, 161 relatives and other close reference persons of patients with schizophrenic, recurrent depressive, or bipolar affective disorder were interviewed with the German version of the Questionnaire on the Opinions of the Family between February and July 2003. RESULTS: Relatives of patients with schizophrenic disorder differ from the other two groups especially in attitudes displaying greater social distance toward mental disorders and less hope for social reintegration of these patients. Independently of the form of disorder, natural relatives exhibit the greatest social distance toward mental disorders. Differences in attitudes on the basis of patients' and relatives' socio-demographic and clinical characteristics are rather scarce. CONCLUSIONS: Attitude toward mental disorders is an important trait of relatives supporting mentally ill persons. Differences in the effects of disorder-specific attitudes on relatives' well-being and their perception of burden have to be investigated further to enable the development of supportive strategies suited to the various groups of psychiatric patient relatives.