Changing patterns in neonatal Escherichia coli sepsis and ampicillin resistance in the era of intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis.
Pediatrics
; 121(4): 689-96, 2008 Apr.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-18381532
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:
The goal was to determine current trends in Escherichia coli-related early- and late-onset sepsis and patterns of ampicillin resistance in relation to institutional changes in the use of intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis.METHODS:
A retrospective review of data for all infants with E. coli sepsis at Yale-New Haven Hospital from 1979 to 2006 was performed. Study periods were based on predominant intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis practices at Yale-New Haven Hospital, that is, (1) 1979 to 1992 (no formal intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis), (2) 1993 to 1996 (risk factor-based), and (3) 1997 to 2006 (screening-based). Sepsis rates and patterns of ampicillin resistance were compared.RESULTS:
Fifty-three cases of E. coli early-onset sepsis and 129 cases of E. coli late-onset sepsis were identified over 3 eras. In very low birth weight (<1500 g) infants, increases in E. coli early-onset sepsis (period 1 2.83 cases per 1000 very low birth weight admissions; period 2 7.12 cases per 1000 very low birth weight admissions; period 3 10.22 cases per 1000 very low birth weight admissions), intrapartum ampicillin exposure, and ampicillin-resistant E. coli were observed. Intrapartum ampicillin exposure was determined to be an independent risk factor for ampicillin-resistant E. coli early-onset sepsis. For the first time, a significant increase in E. coli late-onset sepsis was observed in preterm infants (period 1 10.39 cases per 1000 very low birth weight admissions; period 2 16.01 cases per 1000 very low birth weight admissions; period 3 21.66 cases per 1000 very low birth weight admissions) and term infants (period 1 4.07 cases per 1000 admissions; period 2 4.22 cases per 1000 admissions; period 3 8.23 cases per 1000 admissions).CONCLUSIONS:
Studies to provide a better understanding of potential consequences of intrapartum antibiotic exposure and its contribution to evolving trends in neonatal sepsis are urgently needed.
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Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Complicações Infecciosas na Gravidez
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Bacteriemia
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Antibioticoprofilaxia
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Escherichia coli
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Infecções por Escherichia coli
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Ampicilina
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2008
Tipo de documento:
Article