Metabolic stress, IAPP and islet amyloid.
Diabetes Obes Metab
; 14 Suppl 3: 68-77, 2012 Oct.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-22928566
ABSTRACT
Amyloid forms within pancreatic islets in type 2 diabetes from aggregates of the ß-cell peptide islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP). These aggregates are toxic to ß-cells, inducing ß-cell death and dysfunction, as well as inciting islet inflammation. The ß-cell is subject to a number of other stressors, including insulin resistance and hyperglycaemia, that may contribute to amyloid formation by increasing IAPP production by the ß-cell. ß-Cell dysfunction, evident as impaired glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and defective prohormone processing and exacerbated by metabolic stress, is also a likely prerequisite for islet amyloid formation to occur in type 2 diabetes. Islet transplants in patients with type 1 diabetes face similar stressors, and are subject to rapid amyloid formation and impaired proinsulin processing associated with progressive loss of ß-cell function and mass. Declining ß-cell mass is predicted to increase metabolic demand on remaining ß-cells, promoting a feed-forward cycle of ß-cell decline.
Texto completo:
1
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Estresse Fisiológico
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Ilhotas Pancreáticas
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Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2
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Polipeptídeo Amiloide das Ilhotas Pancreáticas
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Hiperglicemia
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2012
Tipo de documento:
Article