Pharmacogenetics of allopurinol--making an old drug safer.
J Clin Pharmacol
; 53(7): 675-9, 2013 Jul.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-23381951
ABSTRACT
Allopurinol is a drug that has been used for decades to lower serum urate levels in patients with gout or chronic renal failure and in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy at risk of tumor lysis syndrome. Patients may develop cutaneous hypersensitivity reactions, ranging from mild rashes to potentially fatal severe cutaneous adverse reactions (SCARs) namely drug hypersensitivity syndrome, Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS), and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN). Recent studies have demonstrated the association between human leukocyte antigen (HLA) B*5801 allele and allopurinol-induced SCARs, which might explain ethnic differences in their incidences. Genotyping is now required before starting abacavir and carbamazepine so as to identify individuals susceptible to SJS. However, no genetic screening is advocated before commencement of allopurinol. The lack of availability of a rapid and inexpensive screening test for the HLA-B*5801 allele is one of the obstacles to such screening. Development of a test that is quick, accurate, and cost-effective is warranted.
Texto completo:
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Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Alopurinol
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Efeitos Colaterais e Reações Adversas Relacionados a Medicamentos
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Antígenos HLA
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2013
Tipo de documento:
Article