[Anal verruciform xanthoma in a transplant background for primary hyperoxaluria. Anal verruciform xanthoma after a combined hepato-renal transplantation]. / Xanthome verruciforme anal chez une patiente transplantée hépatique et rénale.

We report a case of anal verruciform xanthoma in a patient who underwent a combined liver and kidney transplantation for primary hyperoxaluria. Verruciform xanthoma is a rare and benign lesion arising in oral cavity and genital mucosa. It is characterized pathologically by papillary epithelial hyperplasia and aggregates of foamy macrophages in connective tissue papillae. This condition, whose pathogenesis remains unclear, has been reported in immunosuppressive background or associated with underlying dermatosis. We report here the second case of anal verruciform xanthoma. To our knowledge, this is the first report of verruciform xanthoma in association with primary hyperoxaluria.