Viral warfare! Front-line defence and arming the immune system against cancer using oncolytic vaccinia and other viruses.
Surgeon
; 12(4): 210-20, 2014 Aug.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-24502935
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Despite mankind's many achievements, we are yet to find a cure for cancer. We are now approaching a new era which recognises the promise of harnessing the immune system for anti-cancer therapy. Pathogens have been implicated for decades as potential anti-cancer agents, but implementation into clinical therapy has been plagued with significant drawbacks. Newer 'designer' agents have addressed some of these concerns, in particular, a new breed of oncolytic virus JX-594, a genetically engineered pox virus, is showing promise.OBJECTIVE:
To review the current literature on the use of oncolytic viruses in the treatment of cancer; both by direct oncolysis and stimulation of the immune system. The review will provide a background and historical progression for the surgeon on tumour immunology, and the interplay between oncolytic viruses, immune cells, inflammation on tumourigenesis.METHODS:
A literature review was performed using the Medline database.CONCLUSIONS:
Viral therapeutics hold promise as a novel treatment modality for the treatment of disseminated malignancy. It provides a multi-pronged attack against tumour burden; direct tumour cell lysis, exposure of tumour-associated antigens (TAA), induction of immune danger signals, and recognition by immune effector cells.Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Vacinação
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Vacinas Anticâncer
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Vírus Oncolíticos
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Imunidade Celular
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Neoplasias
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2014
Tipo de documento:
Article