Role of autophagy in arsenite-induced neurotoxicity: the involvement of α-synuclein.
Toxicol Lett
; 233(3): 239-45, 2015 Mar 18.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-25639566
ABSTRACT
In the present study, the role of autophagy in sodium arsenite (arsenite)-induced neurotoxicity was investigated in rat primary cultured cortical neurons. Incubation with arsenite concentration-dependently increased LC3-II levels (a biomarker of autophagy), indicating that arsenite is capable of inducing autophagy. Co-localization of fluorescent puncta of monodansylcadaverine (a fluorescent dye of autophagic vacuoles) and LysoTracker Red (a fluorescent dye of lysosomes) as well as chloroquine-induced enhancement of arsenite-elevated LC3-II levels suggest that arsenite induced autolysosome formation in primary cultured cortical neurons. Incubation of 3-methyladenine (an autophagy inhibitor) prevented arsenite-induced LC3-II elevation, autolysosome formation, reduction in GAP 43 (a biomarker of neurite outgrowth), caspase 3 activation and neuronal cell loss. Furthermore, Atg7 siRNA transfection attenuated arsenite-induced autophagy and neurotoxicity. At the same time, Atg7siRNA transfection ameliorated arsenite-induced reduction in α-synuclein levels (a synaptic protein essential for neuroplasticity), suggesting that arsenite via autophagy may engulf α-synuclein. Cytotoxic activities as well as potencies in elevating LC3-II and reducing α-synuclein levels by arsenite, arsenate, monomethyl arsenite (MMA(III)), and dimethyl arsenate (DMA(V)) were compared as follows MMA(III)>arsenite¼arsenate and DMA(V). Taken together, autophagy appears to play a pro-death role in arsenics-induced neurotoxicity. Moreover, autophagy and subsequent reduction in α-synuclein levels may be a vicious cycle in arsenics-induced neurotoxicity.
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MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Autofagia
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Arsenitos
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Síndromes Neurotóxicas
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Alfa-Sinucleína
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2015
Tipo de documento:
Article