Immunoblotting of Antigens: Whole, Strip, and New-Line Nitrocellulose Membrane Immunoblotting Using the Chemiluminescence Technique.

Antigen detection is a well-known tool in the scientific world that is used by clinicians and researchers to detect specific antigens in diagnosing diseases or for other medical/environmental discoveries. Antigen detection is introduced in various forms over the past decades. These techniques are often evaluated by their sensitivity, accuracy, and ease of use. One technique that has provided many advantages over typical immunochemical staining is the use of chemiluminescence. This technique has been used in various scientific fields, anywhere from clinical diagnosis to environmental research. The emission of visible radiation by compounds once exposed to sunlight has been known for centuries and currently is the main principle for chemiluminescence. Here, we introduce three different chemiluminescence techniques that are widely used in immunodetection of antigens: (a) whole membrane chemiluminescence detection, (b) strip membrane chemiluminescence detection, and