B-1 B cell progenitors transiently and partially express keratin 5 during differentiation in bone marrow.

BACKGROUND: Keratin 5 (K5) is a cytoskeletal tissue-specific protein expressed in the epithelial cells of skin and esophagus and ectopic K5 expression in lymphocytes has never been reported. OBJECTIVE: Here we demonstrate an ectopic epidermal self-protein expression in B-1 B cell by fate mapping of K5-expressing cells. METHODS: K5-Cre×CAG-CAT-loxP-EGFP double Tg (K5×GFP) mice that express enhanced GFP under the control of the K5 promoter were employed. RESULTS: Unexpectedly, B220(+)GFP(+) cells were found in LN, spleen, peripheral blood and peritoneal cavity. These cells were IgM(+)IgD(low)CD23(-)CD43(+)CD19(+)CD93(-), indicating that they were B-1 B cells. The number of B220(+)GFP(+) cells was significantly larger in spleen than in the other tissues tested. Although GFP(+) B-1 cells did not express K5 in the periphery, Lin(-)CD93(+)B220(low-neg)CD19(+) B-1 B cell progenitors expressed GFP and B220(+)CD93(+) progenitor cells expressed K5 and MHC-class II in BM, indicating that GFP(+) B-1 cells transiently expressed K5 and the progenitor cells were potential APC. GFP(+) B-1 cells in the periphery continued expressing MHC class II and had exogenous antigen-presenting capacity comparable to non-follicular B cells. GFP(+) B-1 cells spontaneously secreted more IgM than GFP(-) B-1 cells in vitro. CONCLUSION: These results indicate that B-1 B cells transiently and partially express K5 in BM and are potent for both natural antibody production and antigen presentation.