Results of a universal ultrasonographic hip screening program at a single institution.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The aims of the present study were to determine the prevalence of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) in newborns screened by hip ultrasonography (US), to review outcome of follow-up and treatment of infants with DDH, and to evaluate the relationship between US-based diagnosis and risk factors. METHODS: A total of 9564 hips of 4782 newborns (2398 females, 50.1%) were evaluated with US. Risk factors for DDH and accompanying deformities were also recorded. Graf classification type IIa(-), IIb, IIc, D, and III hips were treated with Pavlik harnesses. RESULTS: Abnormal US findings (type IIa, IIc, or D hips) were detected in 475 newborns (9.9%). Risk factors and concomitant orthopedic deformities were similar in newborns with and without US abnormality and type I hips (p>0.05 for all). However, abnormal US findings were significantly more common in firstborn and female newborns. A total of 39 hips (5 bilateral, 20 left, 9 right) of 34 newborns (31 females) were placed in Pavlik harnesses. Twelve newborns had type IIc or D hips at initial evaluation, and 22 had type IIb or IIa(-) at follow-up. Mean recovery time was 12.5 (8-16) weeks for newborns with type IIc and D hips, 8.6 (8-12) weeks for those with type IIa(-) hips, and 11.2 (8-12) weeks for those with type IIb hips. CONCLUSION: DDH is still common among newborns in Turkey. Hip US is recommended for detection and follow-up of DDH in newborns.