Long-Acting ß-Agonists (LABA) Combined With Long-Acting Muscarinic Antagonists or LABA Combined With Inhaled Corticosteroids for Patients With Stable COPD.

CLINICAL QUESTION: Are inhaled long-acting muscarinic antagonists (LAMA) combined with long-acting ß-agonists (LABA) associated with differences in the incidence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbation and serious adverse events and with differences in quality of life and forced expiratory volume in the first second of expiration (FEV1) vs inhaled LABA plus inhaled corticosteroids therapy for the treatment of stable COPD? BOTTOM LINE: Compared with inhaled LABA combined with corticosteroids, inhaled LAMA combined with LABA may be associated with a lower risk of COPD exacerbation and with greater improvement in FEV1 without differences in the incidence of serious severe adverse events or quality of life.