Molecular mechanism of selenoprotein P synthesis.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Selenoprotein synthesis requires the reinterpretation of a UGA stop codon as one that encodes selenocysteine (Sec), a process that requires a set of dedicated translation factors. Among the mammalian selenoproteins, Selenoprotein P (SELENOP) is unique as it contains a selenocysteine-rich domain that requires multiple Sec incorporation events. SCOPE OF REVIEW In this review we elaborate on new data and current models that provide insight into how SELENOP is made. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS: SELENOP synthesis requires a specific set of factors and conditions. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE: As the key protein required for proper selenium distribution, SELENOP stands out as a lynchpin selenoprotein that is essential for male fertility, proper neurologic function and selenium metabolism.