Epidemiologic Profile of Transplant Patients Treated by the Physiotherapy.

ABSTRACT

Transplant candidates have advanced chronic disease, which often leads to muscular and respiratory impairment contributing to reduced quality of life and daily life activities, and these patients are therefore referred to physiotherapy service. Because of this, it is necessary to know the epidemiologic and functional profile for a better physiotherapeutic approach. Inpatients of kidney, liver, heart, lung and multivisceral transplantation programs were followed up for 1 year. A comparative analysis between groups was performed, taking into account hospital stay time and functional independence measure (FIM). In all, 157 patients (88 post-transplant) were evaluated, with mean age of 54 years, and 99 were men. Prevalence of transplantation included liver 87 (56%); kidney 51 (32%); heart 10 (6%); lung 8 (5%); multivisceral 1 (1%). The average length of hospital stay was 23 days for kidney patients, 19 days for lung patients, 18 days for heart patients, 15 days for liver patients, and the 15 days for multivisceral patients. The mean of FIM score was 94 for heart patients; 95 for liver patients, 96 for kidney patients, 99 for lung patients, and 120 for multivisceral patients. The highest incidence of hospitalization was of liver patients, although renal patients had a longer time of hospitalization. FIM score was higher at hospital discharge, if compared with the values at the moment of evaluation, but through the comparison of FIM previous with FIM final scores, the patients still presented functional limitation at the time of hospital discharge. Specific protocols for each transplant group, focused on the improvement of the functionality, are necessary.