Structural characterization, in vitro and in vivo antioxidant activities of a heteropolysaccharide from the fruiting bodies of Morchella esculenta.

This study aimed to investigate the structural features, in vitro and in vivo antioxidant activities of a heteropolysaccharide from the fruiting bodies of Morchella esculenta (FMP-1). FMP-1 had an average molecular weight of 4.7 × 103 Da and consisted of mannose, glucose and galactose. By methylation and NMR analysis, the backbone of FMP-1 was deduced to be made up of 1,4-linked Glcp and 1,6-linked Galp. Hydroxyl, DPPH and superoxide radicals could be efficiently scavenged by FMP-1, with IC50 values of 74.26, 119.32 and 161.49 µg/mL, respectively. Furthermore, FMP-1 could significantly protect zebrafish embryos against AAPH-induced oxidative damage. Decrease in malformations and mortalities was observed along with the reduction of ROS production, NO production and cell death. The protective effects were by decreasing MDA content and increasing SOD, CAT and GSH-Px levels. The current work provided a good suggestion of the potential utilization of FMP-1 as an attractive natural antioxidant.