Aquilariae Lignum extract attenuates glutamate-induced neuroexcitotoxicity in HT22 hippocampal cells.
Biomed Pharmacother
; 106: 1031-1038, 2018 Oct.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-30119168
ABSTRACT
An imbalance between excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters is known to induce neuronal excitotoxicity which is a major cause of neurodegenerative disorders. Excessive glutamate concentration leads to the neuronal death by increasing oxidative stress and affecting the apoptotic signaling pathway. We investigated the anti-excitotoxic effects and associated working mechanisms of 30% ethanol extract of Aquilariae Lignum (ALE) against hippocampal neuronal death by glutamate. HT22 cells were treated with glutamate (20â¯mM) for 24â¯h following pretreatment with ALE (5, 10, 25⯵g/mL). Cell viability, biochemical analysis, flow chemistry, and Western blotting assays were performed. Glutamate treatment substantially increased the intracellular level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and Ca2+ influx into the cell, which were followed by apoptosis. ALE pretreatment, however, significantly attenuated these excitotoxicity-related features according to the results of Annexin V analysis and the lactate dehydrogenase assay, in which the calpain pathway (in a caspase 3-independent manner) may be involved. ALE pretreatment also significantly attenuated the glutamate-induced activation of both inflammation-associated molecules (extracellular signal-regulated kinase, c-Jun N-terminal kinases and p38) and death-related molecules (p53, apoptosis-inducing factor). The inactivation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) was restored by ALE pretreatment. Our results verified that A. Lignum has potential neuroprotective effects on glutamate-induced excitotoxicity in hippocampal neuron cells, and its underlying mechanism may involve the regulation of ROS-mediated cell death pathways.
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MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Extratos Vegetais
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Fármacos Neuroprotetores
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Ácido Glutâmico
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Antagonistas de Aminoácidos Excitatórios
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Agonistas de Aminoácidos Excitatórios
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Thymelaeaceae
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Hipocampo
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Neurônios
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2018
Tipo de documento:
Article