Distribution and diastereoisomeric profiles of hexabromocyclododecanes in air, water, soil, and sediment samples in South Korea: Application of an optimized analytical method.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf
; 181: 321-329, 2019 Oct 15.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-31202932
ABSTRACT
In this study, the levels and distribution patterns of HBCD diastereoisomers in air, water, soil, and sediment samples in South Korea were investigated after optimizing the UPLC-MS/MS analytical process. Extraction and cleanup efficiencies were tested using several different extraction solvents and adsorbents. Dichloromethane was selected as the base extraction solvent, and multi-layer silica gel (MSG) and MSG-alumina columns were selected for the removal of HBCDs from complex environmental matrices. The concentration of Æ©3 HBCDs was 22-133â¯pg/m3, 10-128â¯ng/g, 0.2-151â¯ng/L, and 0.5-552â¯ng/g dw for air, soil, water, and sediment samples, respectively. Relatively higher concentrations of Æ©3 HBCDs were observed at stations adjacent to industrial facilities (e.g., rubber and plastic, textile, chemical, fabricated metal, and wholesale trade factories) associated with the use of commercial HBCDs. The proportion of γ-HBCD in the soil (48.3-86.2%) and sediment (54.2-78.1%, except for one station) samples was similar to that found in technical and commercial HBCDs. In contrast, α-HBCD (52.3-71.2%) was dominant in all air samples, while the water samples displayed no clear trend in their diastereoisomer profiles. As the first nationwide report on HBCD diastereoisomers in the environment, this study demonstrates that most environmental compartments in South Korea are moderately contaminated with HBCDs.
Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Poluentes do Solo
/
Poluentes Químicos da Água
/
Sedimentos Geológicos
/
Poluentes Atmosféricos
/
Hidrocarbonetos Bromados
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2019
Tipo de documento:
Article