Ubiquitously Expressed Proteins and Restricted Phenotypes: Exploring Cell-Specific Sensitivities to Impaired tRNA Charging.
Trends Genet
; 36(2): 105-117, 2020 02.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-31839378
ABSTRACT
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (ARS) are ubiquitously expressed, essential enzymes that charge tRNA with cognate amino acids. Variants in genes encoding ARS enzymes lead to myriad human inherited diseases. First, missense alleles cause dominant peripheral neuropathy. Second, missense, nonsense, and frameshift alleles cause recessive multisystem disorders that differentially affect tissues depending on which ARS is mutated. A preponderance of evidence has shown that both phenotypic classes are associated with loss-of-function alleles, suggesting that tRNA charging plays a central role in disease pathogenesis. However, it is currently unclear how perturbation in the function of these ubiquitously expressed enzymes leads to tissue-specific or tissue-predominant phenotypes. Here, we review our current understanding of ARS-associated disease phenotypes and discuss potential explanations for the observed tissue specificity.
Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
RNA de Transferência
/
Doenças do Sistema Nervoso Periférico
/
Predisposição Genética para Doença
/
Aminoacil-tRNA Sintetases
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2020
Tipo de documento:
Article