Bioaccumulation and glutathione S-transferase activity on Rhinella arenarum tadpoles after short-term exposure to antiretrovirals.
Chemosphere
; 246: 125830, 2020 May.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-31927383
ABSTRACT
The aim of the present study was to investigate the bioaccumulation and toxicological effects of four antiretrovirals (lamivudine, stavudine, zidovudine and nevirapine) on Rhinella arenarum tadpoles, after short-term (48 h) exposure to these drugs at sublethal concentrations. The analytical procedure involved a simple extraction method followed by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection and chemometric analysis for data processing. Under the conditions studied, the analytes investigated, particularly nevirapine, showed possible bioaccumulation in tadpoles. Besides, an increase in the bioaccumulation was observed when increasing the exposure concentration. In addition, the enzymatic biomarkers measured to evaluate the toxicological effects showed that acethylcholinesterase activity was similar to that of the control group, while glutathione S-transferase activity was increased, indicating potential oxidative stress damage. Our results also allowed demonstrating the usefulness of chemometric algorithms to quantitate analytes in complex matrices, such as those absorbed by tadpoles in aquatic ecosystems. The results also evidenced the short-term antiretroviral bioaccumulation in tadpoles and the alteration of antioxidant systems, highlighting the need of environmental studies to elucidate the ecotoxicological risk of antiretrovirals in humans and wildlife.
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Texto completo:
1
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Poluentes Químicos da Água
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Bufo arenarum
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Antirretrovirais
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Glutationa Transferase
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2020
Tipo de documento:
Article