Pitching shoulder passive flexibility: torque-angle analysis for external rotation and internal rotation.
Sports Biomech
; 21(8): 877-889, 2022 Sep.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-32026746
ABSTRACT
In this study, a custom device was developed to analyse the pitching shoulder's external rotation (ER) and internal rotation (IR) passive flexibility. We analysed three novel measures:
the resistance onset angle (ROA = angle where the shoulder begins stretching), rotational stiffness, and torque at the end range of motion (ROM). The purpose was to conduct a bilateral analysis to determine if there are significant differences between the throwing and non-throwing shoulder. Participants were 30 upper level pitchers (13 division I, 17 minor league). During testing, pitchers laid supine on a treatment table and the arm was secured to a rotational wheel with the shoulder abducted 90° and elbow flexed 90°. Dependent t-tests revealed significant (p < 0.01) and relatively extreme bilateral differences for all three variables. The throwing shoulder had increased ER ROA (9°), decreased IR ROA (5.3°), increased ER stiffness (17%), increased IR stiffness (34%), increased ER torque (21%), and increased IR torque (30%). Secondary correlation analysis was completed to determine if the torque-angle variables were good predictors of the end ROM. Stiffness correlations were weak for ER (r = 0.35, p = 0.048) and IR (r = 0.42, p = 0.017) but ROA correlations were strong for ER (r = 0.85, p < 0.001) and IR (r = 0.86, p < 0.001).Palavras-chave
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MEDLINE
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Articulação do Ombro
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Beisebol
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2022
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Article