De Novo Belatacept in a Kidney-After-Heart Transplant Recipient.

ABSTRACT

Renal injury almost always accompanies the multisystem organ failure that precedes cardiac transplantation and renal function is further compromised by the nephrotoxicity of calcineurin inhibitors posttransplant. Renal dysfunction in turn causes significant morbidity and mortality. The development of belatacept was motivated by need for an alternative to calcineurin-based immunosuppression, particularly in renal transplantation where the nephrotoxicity of calcineurin inhibitors reduce graft longevity and adverse cardiovascular effects of calcineurin inhibitors increase overall mortality. In 2011, the FDA approved belatacept for use in renal transplantation. Seven-year data from the multicenter randomized phase III BENEFIT trial, which compared belatacept with cyclosporine in renal transplant recipients, show belatacept therapy offers both improved renal function and 43% risk reduction for the combined endpoint of graft loss and death. At present, belatacept use is predominantly confined to renal transplant recipients; however, reports of belatacept use in other transplant settings are emerging. Here, we describe successful long-term use of belatacept in a kidney-after-heart transplant recipient and review use of belatacept in cardiothoracic and other nonrenal transplant settings.