Quinonoids: Therapeutic Potential for Lung Cancer Treatment.

ABSTRACT

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Owing to its high incidence and mortality, the development and discovery of novel anticancer drugs is of great importance. In recent years, many breakthroughs have been achieved in the search for effective anticancer substances from natural products. Many anticancer drugs used clinically and proven to be effective are derived from natural products. Quinonoids, including naphthoquinones, phenanthrenequinones, benzoquinones, and anthraquinones, constitute a large group of natural bioactive compounds that widely exist in higher and lower plant species. Given that most of these compounds possess anticancer effects, they are applied in many cancer studies, especially in lung cancer research. They can promote apoptosis, induce autophagy, and inhibit proliferation, angiogenesis, and cell invasion and migration. Some drugs can enhance anticancer effects when combined with other drugs. Thus, quinonoids have broad application prospects in the treatment of lung cancer. Here, we summarize the previous studies on the antilung cancer activities of quinonoids together with their underlying mechanisms and analyze the common research targets with different effects so as to provide references for the discovery of quinonoids against lung cancer.