[The spinal catheter in aortic surgery : Implications for anesthesia]. / Der Spinalkatheter in der Aortenchirurgie : Implikationen für die Anästhesie.

During surgical repair of aortic pathologies (e.g. dissection, aneurysms), cross-clamping of the aorta or overstenting of critical segmental arteries can lead to ischemia- and edema-related spinal cord damage with subsequent paraplegia. By regulating cerebrospinal fluid pressure, the spinal catheter is an effective method for prophylaxis and treatment of spinal cord ischemia. Due to the high complication rate of the spinal catheter a detailed risk-benefit assessment is obligatory: besides cerebrospinal fluid leakage, postpuncture headaches and local infections, feared complications, such as intracranial bleeding, meningitis and neuraxial hematomas can also occur, sometimes with a significant latent period after termination of the procedure. Adequate training of personnel in the perioperative handling of spinal catheters and meticulous adherence to drainage parameters are important components for increasing procedural safety. This is particularly true since the clinical aspects of catheter-associated complications only slightly differ from that of ischemic spinal cord injury.