What is the role of transformational leadership, work environment and patient safety culture for person-centred care? A cross-sectional study in Norwegian nursing homes and home care services.

Aim: To examine how transformational leadership, job demands, job resources and patient safety culture contribute in explaining person-centred care in nursing homes and home care services. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: Healthcare professionals in four Norwegian nursing homes (N = 165) and four home care services (N = 139) participated in 2018. Multiple regression analyses were used to examine to what degree transformational leadership, job demands, job resources and patient safety culture dimensions predicted person-centred care. Results: Transformational leadership, job demands and job resources explained 41% of the variance in person-centred care, with work pace as the strongest predictor (ß = 0.39 p < .001). The patient safety culture dimensions explained 57.5% of the variance in person-centred care, with staffing being the strongest predictor (ß = 0.31 p < .001). There were small differences between nursing homes and home care. In total, transformational leadership, pace of work, staffing and factors related to communication were the strongest predictors for person-centred care.