Increase in Frailty in Nursing Home Survivors of Coronavirus Disease 2019: Comparison With Noninfected Residents.
J Am Med Dir Assoc
; 22(5): 943-947.e3, 2021 05.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-33757725
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES:
Institutionalized older adults have a high prevalence of frailty and disability, which may make them more vulnerable to the negative consequences of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We investigated the impact of COVID-19 on the level of frailty, physical, and cognitive performance in nursing home residents.DESIGN:
Nested case-control study. SETTING ANDPARTICIPANTS:
The study included nursing home residents who were infected with COVID-19 (case group, n = 76), matched by age to a control group (n = 76).METHODS:
Participants' sociodemographic and medical data were collected, and they were also assessed for physical function (handgrip and walking speed), cognitive performance (Mini-Mental State Examination) and frailty (Frail-NH scale) before the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic (October to December 2019, pre-COVID-19) and after (June to July 2020, post-COVID-19). COVID-19 symptoms and clinical course were recorded for the cases.RESULTS:
Between the pre- and post-COVID-19 assessments, we found a 19% greater deterioration in handgrip, a 22% greater decrease in walking speed, and a 21% greater increase in Frail-NH scores in cases compared with controls. In both cases and controls, on the other hand, there was a significant 10% decrease in Mini-Mental State Examination scores over the study period. Multivariable logistic regression showed that COVID-19 survivors had a 4-fold increased chance of developing frailty compared with controls (odds ratio 4.95, 95% confidence interval 1.13-21.6, P = .03), but not cognitive decline. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS COVID-19 can accelerate the aging process of institutionalized older adults in terms of physical performance and frailty by around 20%. However, we found similar levels of decline in cognitive performance in both cases and controls, likely because of the burden of social isolation and containment measures on neuropsychological health.Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
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Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Fragilidade
/
COVID-19
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2021
Tipo de documento:
Article