Discrimination of COVID-19 From Inflammation-Induced Cytokine Storm Syndromes Using Disease-Related Blood Biomarkers.
Arthritis Rheumatol
; 73(10): 1791-1799, 2021 10.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-33880885
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:
Infection with the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 triggers severe illness with high mortality in a subgroup of patients. Such a critical course of COVID-19 is thought to be associated with the development of cytokine storm, a condition seen in macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) and secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH). However, specific data demonstrating a clear association of cytokine storm with severe COVID-19 are still lacking. The aim of this study was to directly address whether immune activation in COVID-19 does indeed mimic the conditions found in these classic cytokine storm syndromes.METHODS:
Levels of 22 biomarkers were quantified in serum samples from patients with COVID-19 (n = 30 patients, n = 83 longitudinal samples in total), patients with secondary HLH/MAS (n = 50), and healthy controls (n = 9). Measurements were performed using bead array assays and single-marker enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Serum biomarker levels were assessed for correlations with disease outcome.RESULTS:
In patients with secondary HLH/MAS, we observed pronounced activation of the interleukin-18 (IL-18)-interferon-γ axis, increased serum levels of IL-1 receptor antagonist, intercellular adhesion molecule 1, and IL-8, and strongly reduced levels of soluble Fas ligand in the course of SARS-CoV-2 infection. These observations appeared to discriminate immune dysregulation in critical COVID-19 from the well-recognized characteristics of other cytokine storm syndromes.CONCLUSION:
Serum biomarker profiles clearly separate COVID-19 from MAS or secondary HLH in terms of distinguishing the severe systemic hyperinflammation that occurs following SARS-CoV-2 infection. These findings could be useful in determining the efficacy of drugs targeting key molecules and pathways specifically associated with systemic cytokine storm conditions in the treatment of COVID-19.
Texto completo:
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Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Interleucina-8
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Interleucina-18
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Linfo-Histiocitose Hemofagocítica
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Síndrome de Ativação Macrofágica
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Síndrome da Liberação de Citocina
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COVID-19
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2021
Tipo de documento:
Article